Between the traditional and the contemporary: careers of women managers from a developing Middle Eastern country perspective

Informed by Institutional Theory, this study adopts an exploratory, qualitative, in-depth interviews-based approach as it explores the self-reported career paths of 32 women managers in Lebanon. The results indicate that in contrast with the majority of Western-based literature, the traditional-organizational career path in comparison to contemporary career patterns is still relevant, and continues to exist for Lebanese women managers as they progress in their managerial careers. At the same time, the findings suggest that women selectively adopt some aspects of contemporary, flexible careers to navigate their career paths amidst the macro-national economic and sociocultural factors and institutional challenges. The overall results and the implications for various stakeholders are further discussed in light of the related literature. This study suggests that scholars interested in women's careers in under-researched developing nations need to further integrate the agentic process – and the role played by women's individual agency in constructing their careers as they respond to institutional mandates – into their career models in more details. Similarly, multinational companies currently operating or interested in expanding their operations to the developing Arab Middle East region should incorporate these factors into their management and human resource practices.     

契约论下会计稳健性对企业价值影响理论研究

通过对会计稳健性、契约论以及企业价值之间的关系论述,以契约为基础将会计稳健性和企业价值联系起来,探讨了契约效率假说和管理控制假说下的会计稳健性对企业价值的影响。     

论高校思想政治理论课个性化教学风格的培养

高校思想政治理论课教师培养个性化教学风格,能增强教学吸引力,体现教学思想观念、创造性成果和教学艺术。这种风格有自然型、技巧型、理智型、幽默型和情感型等类型。教师只有提高思想政治素质和理论修养,培养自己的个性特征、创新意识和人格魅力,注意学习,提高科研水平,才能增强教学的实效性和说服力。     

Self-identity and internal environmental locus of control: Comparing their influences on green purchase intentions in high-context versus low-context cultures

This study empirically examines the combined effect of two crucial internal consumer predispositions, self-identity (SI) and internal environmental locus of control (INELOC), among consumers in a collectivistic culture and an individualistic culture. The study validated the extended theory of planned behaviour to predict consumers' green purchase intentions. Structural equation modelling was used to analyse primary data collected from 365 American and 408 Indian respondents. Analysis revealed differences between the two cultures. Green self-identity influenced attitude more than perceived behavioural control among American consumers, while the reverse was true for Indian consumers. Conversely, INELOC positively and significantly affected only Indian consumers’ perceived behavioural control, not that of American consumers.     

Reducing waste management challenges: Empirical assessment of waste sorting intention among corporate employees in Ghana

Waste sorting is seen as an effective and efficient step in annihilating the challenges of solid waste generation, promoting a circular economy, public health, and environmental sustainability. For total public acceptance and participation, it is crucial to understand what motivates and compels consumers to separate waste. Consequently, this study investigates corporate employees’ intention to sort waste in Ghana. The study augmented the theory of reasoned action with convenience, environmental consciousness, hedonic motivations, and awareness of benefits. 401 valid survey responses were statistically assessed using structural equation modeling. Results showed that the conceptual framework accounted for 65.4% of the variance. Attitude, subjective norm, environmental consciousness, awareness of benefits, convenience, and hedonic motivations were positive and significant toward waste sorting intention. Awareness of benefits influenced attitude but not convenience. Also, subjective norms positively and significantly influenced environmental consciousness and hedonic motivation. An ANOVA analysis confirmed the effect of gender, age and education on the inclination to sort waste. Hospitality and Educational sector employees had a higher inclination and intention to sort waste. The study advances literature and understanding on waste sorting among corporate employees and suggests practical solutions for ensuring total embrace and participation in sorting waste.     

An examination of the gap between carbon offsetting attitudes and behaviors: Role of knowledge,credibility and trust

This study explores factors that contribute to the gap between hospitality consumers’ beliefs toward carbon offsetting and their actual behaviors by evaluating the interactions between knowledge, credibility, and trust and their impacts on behavioral intentions. Findings suggest that knowledge, trust, and credibility impact tourists’ attitudes in different manners and to different degrees. The study further shows that objective knowledge has more significant impacts on attitudes than subjective knowledge, and that opposing trends are shown between trust in hospitality companies and credibility of climate science. Findings indicate disparate impacts of knowledge on attitudes and perceived behavioral control though the mediating factors of trust and credibility. Implications for messaging, education, and possible interventions to increase participation levels in voluntary carbon offset programs are discussed.     

成渝地区双城经济圈一体化“化学键”形成探析——基于轴心论的视角

中央将“推动成渝地区双城经济圈建设”确定为国家战略,并提出这是一项系统工程,要求牢固树立一体化发展理念。成渝地区是西部“功能轴”和发动机,成渝城市群是世界为数不多的“AA型双核型椭圆城市群”,成渝地区双城经济圈要形成“键能”很高的“化学键”,才能建成世界级城市群。成渝中部城市在成渝地区双城经济圈、长江经济带、西部大开发等战略中承担着中心支点作用,要实现“中心”变“轴心”,就要切实践行“创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享”五大发展理念,发挥“激动、转动、带动、联动、互动”五大效应,产生强大的向心力、辐射力、影响力、催化力和黏合力。     

Depressed demand for crop insurance contracts,and a rationale based on third generation Prospect Theory

When actuarially fair insurance for a major risk is available then standard economic theory posits that those subject to the risk should insure. In agriculture, it is common for producers to decline contract offers where presubsidy premiums just cover average losses and subsidies are substantial. This paper seeks to shed light on why demand is curtailed. In a mail survey of U.S. corn and soybean producers we solicited Willingness to Pay (WTP) for actuarially fair insurance at different coverage levels. We find demand to be so low that median WTP is no larger than fair premium when adjusted down by current subsidy rates, which pay for one half or more of most premium charges. WTP as a share of the fair rate is especially low when risk of loss is high. There is limited evidence that respondents appreciate the convex relationship between coverage level and expected indemnity payoff. Third generation Prospect Theory is shown to be consistent with observed findings. In particular, a strong distaste for paying premium can be rationalized by loss aversion. Furthermore, when high revenue outcomes are more likely than not, that is, negative skewness, then higher loss aversion, greater decision weight distortions and greater risk aversion will decrease WTP.     

行为视角下的疫情分析:成因、影响与对策综述

本文从流行性传染病特征和医学传染病模型出发,对影响疫情的非理性因素、疫情的直接与间接结果进行文献综述,分析极端事件中的反应不足与过度反应。在成因上,本文梳理了不完全信息贝叶斯学习和显著性理论等决策行为假说,来理解人们行为背后的信息处理机制和情感作用渠道。在结果上,疫情及有关政策对经济金融活动的直接影响尚缺准确评估,恐慌情绪与羊群行为、社会信任危机、风险态度转变及异质性信念等疫情间接结果也有待深入研究。最后,本文基于已有文献和疫情行为分析,对未来学术研究及政策管理提供思路和建议。     

Urban Informality and the State: Geographical Translations and Conceptual Alliances

Understandings of informality commonly derive from research undertaken in states perceived as lacking the capacity to regulate the practices of their populations. This Interventions forum aims to expand the geographical parameters of empirical research on urban informality. A more global approach, we argue, also necessitates questioning assumptions that undergird this concept—in particular the underlying conception of the state. In this vein, this collection of papers aims to rethink theories of the state through the lens of informality, and vice versa, to inform and refine the concept of informality through a more thorough understanding of states. In so doing, the contributions engage with concepts that have been central both to theories of the state and to the study of informality, namely governance, agency, legitimacy, sovereignty and legality. Following this introduction setting out our theoretical approach, the Interventions forum unites five empirical studies that discuss the nexus of informality and states in contexts that have been researched less extensively from this perspective, each tackling one of the above‐mentioned concepts. Based on these different entry points, the papers provide novel angles on a state‐theoretical understanding of informality. A concluding essay brings these approaches together, reflecting on the possibilities of translating concepts to different sites.