Comments on “Unchained from the chain: Supply management from a logistics service provider perspective”

The paper puts in focus the general observation that traditional supply chain management provides a limited view of supply relationships rooted in a conventional industrial logic, focusing on the physical product, chain relationships and sequential interdependencies. The paper contributes to the aim of extending the view of supply chains - unchaining logistics from the conventional chain structure view - by focusing on how such dominating idea structures can in fact delimit our understanding of, in this case, logistics service providers' contribution to well working supply relationships. The article connects to the discussion by suggesting a much more in-depth reasoning what and how a resource independency perspective can contribute to deepen our understanding of logistics and logistical networks.     

基于扎根理论的ECR系统界面协同效应研究

ECR是一种通过供应链管理(Supply Chain Management,SCM)的制造商、批发商和零售商等各自经济活动的整合,以最低成本、最快、最好地实现顾客多样化需求的流通模式,旨在消除整个供应链(Supply Chain,SC)没有为消费者增加值的成本,涉及到SC各个节点组织界面紧密协调与合作。本文通过对ECR系统的研究,建立具有高效反应能力和以客户需求为基础的系统,既提高了供应链的效率又为客户提供了更好地服务。文章通过对48家企业调查问卷,收集与分析资料,建立ECR系统界面的数学模型,借助扎根理论进行分析,提出运营ECR系统应采取的方法,供应链通过这些方法可以以更经济的方式把商品送到消费者手中,满足消费者个性化需求。     

贷款收益与综合收益RAROC优化组合的比较分析

有效匹配稀缺的贷款资源以创造银行的最大价值是商业银行提升经营和精细化管理能力的关键.本文立足于商业银行信贷经营实际,采用综合收益(包括贷款收益、存款收益和中间业务收益)下的RAROC指标来代替传统的贷款收益指标,并且从商业银行贷款客户选择的角度,构建了基于RAROC最优的客户组合优化决策模型.运用该模型,通过对以贷款风险收益最大化和以客户综合风险收益最大化为目标的贷款优化组合的比较分析,研究贷款组合目标函数选择的科学性和有效性.研究表明,以贷款风险收益最大化为目标去匹配贷款将产生资源错配,银行无法得到最优经营结果,以客户综合风险收益最大化为目标匹配贷款资源才是商业银行信贷经营的最优选择.     

综合收益最优的贷款组合鲁棒优化模型

商业银行信贷经营的基本目标是资金来源与运用在效益性、安全性和流动性上的“三性”平衡,而贷款组合优化配置是商业银行维持或达到资金“三性”平衡的有效方式,也是商业银行信贷经营管理中的重要内容.而贷款的预期收益具有不确定性,如果简单地假设其预期收益率往往会出现与实际脱节的情况,因此需要考虑贷款期间可能出现的变化.针对这一特征,考虑构建风险调整后资本收益率(RAROC)最优的贷款组合鲁棒优化模型.根据某商业银行实际经营数据进行数值分析,结果表明该模型具有鲁棒性,不仅能够兼顾贷款组合综合收益以及未来收益的不确定性因素,同时还可以在贷款组合风险约束范围内获得最大收益,为商业银行贷款优化配置管理提供有效可行的决策依据.     

Supplier selection or collaboration? Determining factors of performance improvement when outsourcing manufacturing

An empirical study was designed to determine factors of performance improvement when outsourcing manufacturing. Findings from a survey of 136 manufacturing plants in Sweden show that most of them achieve their outsourcing motives, but not without trade-offs. Factors of performance improvements such as economies of scale or operations in low-cost countries can improve one performance dimension, such as product cost, yet negatively impact volume flexibility, speed or product innovation. The results show part characteristics and supplier operating capabilities are more important than supplier relationship strategies when outsourcing manufacturing, meaning that supplier selection trumps supplier collaboration in the make-or-buy decision.     

库存-运输整合优化的仿真分析

库存-运输整合优化问题（ITIO）是供应链协调的重要方面,是将供应链中的库存和运输问题综合分析,以期降低供应链成本,提高供应链绩效,实现库存和运输的协调。本文探讨了仿真方法在库存一运输整合优化战略层面的应用,并进行了实证分析。     

寻求建筑结构节能和可再生能源节能的结合

我国建筑节能问题有可能获得技术上的突破,短期内可大幅度降低太阳能供电、供热成本.采用太阳能光伏电池方面的技术已处在领先水平.如何加强这方面工作,从政策上给予强有力的支持急需政府作出政策性规定.积极推进建筑结构节能和再生能源节能的结合.     

Do buyer cooperative actions matter under relational stress? Evidence from Japanese and U.S. assemblers in the U.S. automotive industry

Buyers can create relational stress even as they work cooperatively with suppliers. This study investigates the moderating effects of relational stress on the ability of buyer-initiated cooperative actions to influence a supplier's willingness to invest in technology that will be of benefit to the buyer. Data on 2012 buying situations were collected from Tier 1 suppliers to three U.S. domestic automotive assemblers (Chrysler, Ford, and General Motors) and three Japanese transplant automotive assemblers (Honda, Nissan, and Toyota) over three consecutive years (2003–2005). The results indicate that (1) buyer-initiated cooperative actions of communication, assistance, and supplier involvement increase a supplier's willingness to invest in technology, (2) the relationship-enhancing effect of buyer assistance increases under high relational stress, while the effectiveness of buyer communication decreases, and (3) that the effect of supplier involvement is not significantly influenced by relational stress levels. Furthermore, we found that supplier relations with Japanese transplant assemblers are characterized by higher levels of cooperative actions, lower levels of relational stress, and higher levels of supplier willingness to invest in technology when compared to those of U.S. domestic assemblers.     

关于发放高质量小额贷款的关键因子相关研究

小额贷款是提高弱势群体经济状况的重要手段,是发展普惠金融的重要举措之一。如何在保证小额贷款较低坏账率的前提下,简化小额贷款的审批流程,降低小额贷款的发放成本,一直是业界亟待解决的热点议题。本文基于海南省农村信用社面板数据,通过构建Logit模型给出了影响小额贷款“按期还款率”的主要指标;利用曲线回归分析明确了“按期还款率”、“申贷获得率”与联保人数之间的关系,并确定了小额贷款的最佳联保人数规模。     

Strong–weak collaborative management in coping supply chain disruption risk transmission based on scale-free networks

Supply chain disruption causes tremendous loss to supply chains and global businesses. Organizational structure and operational features of supply chain networks, therefore, constitute a major portion of research for coping with supply chain disruption risk. This article first discusses the theoretical foundation, analyses the strength theory of strong and weak ties and the collaborative theory of strong and weak ties. Also, research methods are explicated; the scale-free networks and the theory of strong ties are integrated; the features of supply chain networks are considered from single statistical parameters and comprehensive analyses. Next, we provide numeric simulation of the properties of supply chain networks, verifying the accuracy of parameter analyses of single statistics and comprehensive analyses. Ultimately, when coping with supply chain disruption risk, each node enterprise of supply chain network is supposed to deploy the characteristics of scale-free networks to systematically manage existing weak ties, weak ties newly introduced, existing strong ties and strong ties newly introduced. This study is conducive to node enterprises of supply chains to recognize and apply the scale-free networks and the strength theory of ties to analyze the properties of supply chain networks, and to improve the capacity to cope with disruption risk.