排序方式: 共有78条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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新冠疫情的经济金融影响与应对建议--基于传染病视角的分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
传染病疫情一直威胁着人类的生命健康,对经济社会发展造成较大影响。未来传染病疫情仍然会继续存在,并可能呈多发的趋势。虽然传染病疫情本身难以有效预测,传染病疫情对经济的冲击具有短期、外生性的特点,但是仍然有必要从传染病疫情应对政策方面进行总结研究,形成框架性的政策思路,以有效应对传染病疫情并降低其对经济金融的负面影响。本文结合新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情的经济金融影响和应对政策实践,探讨了传染病疫情应对的政策框架建议。 相似文献
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中国式“荷兰病”与中国城乡就业研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
文章从来源于入世后外向型劳动力密集型产业繁荣的中国式"荷兰病"理论出发,对中国式"荷兰病"通过"支出效应"、"资源转移效应"和"人民币汇率效应"等渠道影响中国城乡就业的情况进行了实证研究。在"中国式荷兰病"的影响下,我国就业城镇化趋势明显,传统就业主渠道丧失,特别是就业增长越来越严重地依赖于外向型劳动力密集型产业的持续繁荣以及大规模从事加工贸易的东部沿海地区。文章建议规范和鼓励城镇服务业发展、支持企业产品与产业结构调整、扩大人民币汇率浮动区间以及加大中央政府财政反哺农业和中西部地区等措施来确保中国经济与城乡就业的可持续发展。 相似文献
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This research has assessed what large retail chains actually do, in terms of assortment depth and size of conventional cow milk, by comparing different retail formats and two metropolitan cities (Milan and Turin). The differences in the composition of the assortment were determined considering the milk categories according to their brand, origin, packaging, fat content and price. The differences in association between the milk categories and the retail formats were also analyzed. The results show differences in wide and deep of milk offer between the two areas and that retailers develop a composition offer that is not fully in agreement with the local preferences. 相似文献
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Joel W. Simmons 《Economics & Politics》2019,31(3):293-322
Critics of Ross's (American Political Science Review, 102, 2008, 107) gendered resource curse thesis argue that culture trumps oil wealth as a determinant of female labor force participation (FLFP). Here, I argue that, while cultural attributes do indeed affect the female labor supply, oil wealth reduces the demand for female labor by hurting the export‐oriented industries that employ female labor intensively. By reducing the demand for female labor in this way, oil wealth undermines the positive effect of gender egalitarianism on FLFP. Thus, oil curses women. Using data from the World Values Survey and the World Bank, I find support for the argument. 相似文献
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公立医院是我国医疗卫生体系的主体,是新医改成功的关键,但多年来缺乏完善的成本核算体系,也加重了患者和政府的医疗负担。文章利用2013-2018年中部某省658家公立医院数据,基于Baumol\"成本病\"理论,构造新的\"调整的鲍莫尔变量\",首次从微观视角检验公立医院\"成本病\"的存在性,并考察了\"成本病\"是否加重了患者和政府负担;进一步结合\"药品零加成\"政策的实施,探究了其对公立医院\"成本病\"效应的影响。研究发现,我国公立医院系统同样存在\"成本病\"现象,且是加重患者与政府医疗负担的重要原因;\"成本病\"对患者医疗负担的影响并无医院等级差异,对政府医疗支出的影响在二级医院更为明显。结合样本期内\"药品零加成\"政策的实施发现,政策有效降低了患者负担,但加重了政府医疗支出,也未能缓解公立医院的\"成本病\"问题,但有助于医技成本支出的降低。研究具有重要的政策启示:\"成本病\"已经成为制约公立医院可持续发展的重要影响因素,亟需建立有效的成本核算管理工具和机制,健全公立医院薪酬制度,促进公立医院管理向精细化、规范化转型,抑制\"成本病\"问题,保障公立医院健康、可持续发展。 相似文献
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服务经济时代,传统服务业的高成本低效率,拉低了整体经济的发展速度,如何克服服务业低效率问题,需要进行深入分析。文章探讨了“鲍莫尔成本病”现象下,数字经济对城市经济高质量发展的影响及服务业效率在其中的关键作用。理论上,数字经济通过提升服务业效率为经济高质量发展赋能,通过构建一个两部门增长模型,提出数字拓展型技术可以推动服务业效率提升,且当服务业生产率达到和制造业同一水平时,经济可以稳定持续增长。实证上,文章测度了2011—2019年中国266个地级市的数字经济和高质量发展水平,在此基础上展开计量分析。结果表明:数字经济显著促进了城市经济高质量发展,数字经济通过改变传统生产方式、加速经济动态循环、知识溢出效应等路径促进服务业效率提升,从而成为新时代下推动中国经济高质量发展的重要动力。在异质性方面,数字经济对东部地区城市的影响显著大于中西部城市;数字经济对大城市的影响显著大于小城市。产业结构高级化自身不利于高质量发展,但数字经济发展推动下的产业结构高级化有利于高质量发展,数字经济可有效克服结构转型过程中服务业低效率问题。以上结论在系统GMM方法和“宽带中国”外生冲击检验下依然成立。文章研究有... 相似文献
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Background:Regionally or distantly metastatic melanoma (stages IIIB/C and IV) place a high burden on society. To quantify this burden, this study estimated years of life lost (YLL) per patient for adults with metastatic melanoma in 12 countries in 2014.Methods:General population growth and life expectancy were estimated from the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development data and life tables for each country. Incidence of melanoma and mortality rates for the disease were based on GLOBOCAN and US registry data. The prevalence of metastatic melanoma was calculated using mortality rates and survival data from patients with melanoma. YLL per patient was estimated by the difference between the disease-free life expectancy and the life expectancy with metastatic melanoma.Results:YLL per patient were as follows: Australia, men?=?19.9 years, women?=?22.7 years; Brazil, 16.3, 19.8; Canada, 19.4, 22.3; France, 18.8, 23.1; Germany, 18.3, 20.8; Italy, 19.3, 22.7; Mexico, 17.2, 19.0; the Netherlands, 18.5, 21.5; Spain, 19.2, 23.1; Sweden 19.4, 22.0; the UK, 18.7, 21.2; and the US, 17.9, 20.6.Conclusions:The burden of metastatic melanoma as measured by YLL is substantial in all 12 countries; although there is variation across countries and between men and women. 相似文献
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Jun Su Lauren C. Bylsma Xiaohui Jiang Jaime Morales Arias Nisha Jain Robert J. Nordyke 《Journal of medical economics》2020,23(8):902-907
AbstractAims: Cold agglutinin disease (CAD) is a rare subtype of autoimmune hemolytic anemia associated with increased thromboembolism risk and early mortality. Healthcare resource utilization (HRU) in CAD has not been reported. We aimed to compare HRU of patients with CAD with a matched non-CAD cohort in the United States.Materials and methods: Patients with CAD were identified from 2006 to 2016 in the Optum-Humedica database using CAD terms in clinical notes and hematologist review. Patients were required to have Integrated Delivery Network records and ≥6 months’ follow-up before and after the first CAD mention date (index date). Patients with CAD were matched to a non-CAD cohort based on demographics. Multivariate analyses assessed inpatient hospitalizations, outpatient visits, emergency room visits, and transfusion use between cohorts 6 months before and 12 months after the index date.Results: Of 814 patients with CAD, 410 met inclusion criteria and were matched to 3,390 patients without CAD. Mean age of patients with CAD was 68.0 years; approximately 62% were female. In the 12 months after the index date, mean inpatient hospitalizations (0.83 vs. 0.25), outpatient visits (17.26 vs. 6.77), emergency room visits (0.55 vs. 0.32), and transfusion days (1.05 vs. 0.05) were higher for patients with CAD than the matched non-CAD cohort (all p?<?.0001). Similarly, in the 6 months before the index date, patients with CAD had higher HRU than matched patients without CAD for all measures evaluated.Limitations: Results of this study are based on patient information from the Optum-Humedica database, which is limited to commercially insured patients and may not represent the overall CAD population.Conclusions: CAD places a substantial burden on patients and healthcare systems. In addition, the high HRU for patients with CAD observed in the 6 months before diagnosis indicates that disease awareness and better diagnostic practices may be needed. 相似文献