微格教学系统下的中小学英语教师技能培训研究

本文在微格教学理论基础上,对中小学英语教学技能培训方法进行了初步探索。文章以案例的形式展示了微格培训实施与评价过程,通过试验数据比较分析,得出结论,微格教学系统下的中小学英语教学技能培训系统能够有效帮助受训者提高教学技能。     

Why has the number of teachers per student risen while teacher quality has declined?: The role of changes in the labor market for women

Since 1970, the number of teachers per student rose while teacher quality apparently eroded. A model of school and voter decisions shows that an increase in the skill price for women may induce schools to hire additional teachers rather than better quality teachers. Estimation results indicate that the price of skill and alternative wage had offsetting effects on the teacher–pupil ratio. Increased demand for education therefore resulted in larger teacher–student ratios. In contrast, both the skill price and the alternative wage reduced teacher quality. Increased demand for education did not outweigh the combined price effect, and teacher quality fell.     

我国边缘产业升级过程中的员工技能提升问题研究

随着内外部环境的变化，我国以代工模式为主的边缘产业迫切需要产业升级，目前以农民工为主的低技能劳动密集型生产模式面临严峻挑战。本文以在职培训理论为主分析了我国边缘产业在升级过程中面临的低技能困境，并分析了企业和员工的投资意愿不足和投资能力不足对在职培训的双重影响，最后，结合国外经验探讨了政府在解决培训不足问题中的补充性作用，并结合我国边缘产业的现状提出了相应的政策建议。     

How can robots affect wage inequality?

We explain the simultaneous presence of i) increasing per capita output, ii) declining real wages of low-skilled workers, and iii) a rising wage premium of higher education within a model of economic growth in the age of automation. The theoretical implications are consistent with the data for the United States since the 1970s. Thus, automation contributes towards our understanding of the driving forces of rising inequality. The immediate policy conclusion is that investments in higher education can help to soften the negative effects of automation.     

Relative demand for highly skilled workers and use of different ICT technologies

This study investigates the relationship between several indicators of ICT usage and digitalization and the relative demand for highly skilled workers. The data are based on two-digit industry-level information on seven European countries for the period 2001–2010. For manufacturing industries, static fixed-effects models show that the share of employees with internet broadband access, the diffusion of mobile internet access and the use of enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems and automatic data exchange combined with electronic invoicing are all significantly and positively related to skill intensity in the industries observed. For service industries, only mobile internet usage intensity is significant. Specifically for manufacturing, a 10-point increase in the percentage of firms using ERP systems is associated with an increase in the share of highly skilled workers by 0.4 percentage points. These estimates indicate that the increase in ERP system usage during the period studied accounted for 30% of the increase in the share of workers with a tertiary degree across manufacturing industries and countries. The results are robust with respect to the estimation method and the potential endogeneity of ICT.     

我国公共企业竞争优势来源探析

公共企业组织必须拥有一定的竞争能力,即企业组织能力。企业组织能力包含四个方面的要素:资源、知识、素质和“关系”。资源可划分为战略资源和一般资源,核心能力来源于组织的战略资源、隐性知识和组织素质,这些是决定组织动态竞争优势的内源性要素;外源性的组织的“关系”在一定条件下也可能成为公共企业组织竞争优势的来源。公共企业组织的不断发展需要持续创新,管理创新所追求的最终目标正是竞争优势。     

明星基金溢价效应:“高技术”还是“好运气”?

本文研究我国股票型、偏股型开放式基金的评级与未来业绩的关系。根据晨星公司的基金评级数据,每月构造1星级至5星级的基金投资组合,并采用Carhart四因子模型对组合收益进行风险调整,研究发现5星级基金每年能获得2%的超额收益率,5星级与1星级基金的套利组合年超额收益为6%。此外,采用自助法对超额收益率的进一步检验,本文发现,明星基金溢价与基金经理的选股能力无关,与基金经理的好运气有关。     

Capital–Skill Complementarity: Does Capital Composition Matter?

We estimate the effect of capital composition on the size of capital–skill complementarity and the skill wage premium. Disaggregating the capital stock into different types according to technological content, we find that: capital is more of a q‐complement to skilled labor than to unskilled labor; the higher the technological component of capital, the larger the size of the relative q‐complementarity between capital and skilled labor; and replacing non‐technological with technological capital might increase the skill wage premium by about 9 percent. Our results highlight that changes in capital composition matter for understanding changes in the skill wage premium.     

家庭社会网络与就业质量——基于2009-2015年“全国高校毕业生就业状况调查”的分析

家庭社会网络如何从宏观机制上影响个体和社会的就业质量,在理论上缺乏细致的讨论。本文在内生贴现因子模型中引入家庭社会网络,从理论上首次探究家庭社会网络对高校毕业生就业质量的影响机制,家庭社会网络通过影响贴现因子和进入不同行业的概率分布作用于就业质量,导致热门专业需要的最优家庭社会网络积累量低于非热门专业,进而提出“家庭社会网络积累更广泛的个体会较为分散地选择专业,但会集中于高收入行业就业,导致就业质量受到影响”的假说。进一步,基于2009-2015年“全国高校毕业生就业状况调查”数据进行实证分析,证实:更广泛的家庭社会网络积累会显著提升毕业生的就业满意度,但会降低就业匹配度。总之,家庭社会网络会显著影响高校毕业生“专业分散,行业集中”就学与就业特征的形成,进而提升就业满意度,并降低就业匹配度。     

浅议“变化技能”在化学教学中的应用

通过对"微格教学"技能的研究,从三个方面论述了变化技能对化学教学的指导作用,即:变化技能能激发并保持学生对教学活动的注意,能激发学生学习兴趣,同时为不同水平的学生创造参与教学活动的条件,从而说明变化技能的功能,为进一步搞好课堂教学提供了依据。