“How may I help you?” Politeness in computer-mediated and face-to-face library reference transactions

Drawing upon Wittgenstein’s theory of language games, we apply a pragmatic approach to organizational communication. The study extends current theories of computer-mediated communication, and explores how language actually gets used across media. We conduct a comparative study of face-to-face versus computer-mediated reference transactions in an academic library, and analyze people’s use of politeness strategies. The study observes that people use politeness strategies to play different language games across media, and that a dynamic interplay exists among the three constituents of language games: sense making, language use, and forms of life. In particular, we found that: First, people use significantly more negative politeness strategies and fewer positive politeness strategies online than face-to-face. Second, language use influences people’s understanding and precedes practical forms of life. Third, CMC is a different form of life than a face-to-face communication. The new online form of life shapes people’s sense making and the way they use language, resulting in emerging new grammars of CMC. Finally, our findings suggest the interplay among multiple forms of life. This study offers important theoretical and managerial implications for organizational communication and the production and delivery of services in the rapidly expanding digital economy.     

媒体关注度对新股表现的影响——来自中国股票市场的证据

新闻媒体对证券投资的影响日趋重要,它会通过影响投资者的心理和行为而影响资产价格。首次公开发行的股票(IPOs)由于倍受媒体关注,从而会在上市以后的价格表现上产生一定的影响。本文选取2006年6月至2008年6月上市的246只首次公开发行的股票作为样本,以百度新闻搜索到包含股票名称的新闻数量作为媒体关注度的衡量指标,实证检验了媒体关注度对新股表现的影响。本文得出结论:媒体关注度通过影响投资者情绪,对新股短期累积超额收益产生正的影响,而对长期累积超额收益产生负的影响。同时发现,媒体关注度高的新股,其发行价格也相对较高。     

广东经济发展与媒体创新

政治及经济力量、社会变革都会影响传播活动。广东经济发展引发了媒体创新并形成了良性互动。媒体创新体现在媒体数量的增长,媒体对社会的影响力,对受众的引导等。广东媒体创新的动力是经济发展,创新的路径与一般的创新类似,诸如体制与机制创新、技术创新等。广东媒体体制创新与机制创新对全国其他媒体的改革影响巨大。广东经济发展也带动了知识沟的缩小,反过来,知识沟的缩小又引导媒体创新的进一步发展。     

企业社交媒体使用与创新绩效—— 知识存量的中介作用和创新氛围的调节作用

基于知识与创新理论,建立了包含企业社交媒体使用、知识存量、创新氛围和创新绩效的理论模型,并利用结构方程模型对380份有效问卷进行了实证分析。结果显示:面向外部与内部的社交媒体使用均对创新绩效有正向影响;知识存量在面向外部和内部的社交媒体使用与创新绩效的关系中皆起到了中介作用;创新氛围在面向外部的社交媒体使用与创新绩效、面向内部的社交媒体使用与创新绩效、知识存量与创新绩效三对关系中都起到了正向调节作用。     

媒体报道与高管薪酬契约有效性

本文利用2003-2011年中国A股上市公司11567个年度观察样本数据,实证检验了媒体报道对公司高管薪酬契约有效性的影响关系,并进一步考察这一影响关系在不同产权性质公司中和不同制度环境下的差异。结果发现:(1)媒体报道水平与高管的薪酬-业绩敏感性之间存在显著的正向影响关系,说明媒体报道提高了高管薪酬契约有效性。(2)区分产权性质后发现,媒体报道的上述正向影响作用仅在国有上市公司样本才显著成立,意味着媒体报道主要提高了国有企业高管的薪酬契约有效性。(3)上市公司所处地区的制度环境水平越高,媒体报道的上述正向影响作用越强,表明制度环境是媒体报道有效发挥上述作用的重要条件。     

传媒业外资准入收缩与发展:规制视角

基于外资进入中国传媒市场后迂回绕道纵深渗透,为维护国家文化安全,坚持主导意识形态,2005年以来,中国传媒外资准入规制呈现出欲放又止、欲进又退、探步前行特点.随着2006年11月中国入世过渡期的结束,外资进入传媒业的规模与速度必将有新的变化,因此,在传媒业外资准入规制问题上,有关部门必须尽早走出徘徊不前的态势,着眼于我国传媒业的未来发展,树立规制目标,明确规制对象,强调规制重点,确保规制落实,促进传媒健康发展.     

News framing effects on destination risk perception

News coverage of hazards is often commented to be of critical importance to individuals' perceived risk associated with tourist destinations. Despite the significance of this issue to the global tourism industry, the link between portrayals of hazards and audience reception is rarely studied in this context. This study adopted the framing theory to evaluate media effect on tourists' perceived risk of portrayals of terrorism and political instability incidents. This involved a survey-embedded experiment which manipulated potential elements of a news report concerning a hazard. The content of fictitious articles used in the experiment was created on the basis of extant risk perception theories. Results revealed that the use of risk amplifying frame and risk attenuating frame result in higher and lower ratings of risk respectively. Moreover, tourist psychographic characteristics were found to moderate the influence of news frames on perceived risk. Implications for tourism destination managers and marketers were discussed.     

信息披露:近40年国外研究综述

本文对国外近40年来的信息披露的基本理论、分析框架和影响因素的研究进行评述。研究发现,发送者-接收者框架说明了信息披露的基础,但它无法描述信息披露的详细过程;委托代理框架解决了逆向选择与道德风险问题,但它的一系列严格假设损害了激励机制的普适性;利益相关者框架可以解释更多主体的行为,但它很难深入分析利益相关者之间的动态作用;中间层框架突出了中介的信息功能,但它对中间层参与信息披露及其监管过程缺乏解释力。经验证据表明,影响信息披露的因素主要包括企业要素、媒体要素、管制要素、审计要素等,但是它们都没有涉及中间层在信息披露的动态情境下的影响作用。未来的研究需要考虑多个主体在监管、审计、披露和媒体报道过程中的博弈问题以及更多相应的经验证据。     

Press media coverage effects on destinations – A Monetary Public Value (MPV) analysis

The present study examines the extent, source and nature of reporting about Spain as a tourist destination among Swiss German language newspapers. By testing a method based on the Monetary Publicity Value (MPV) the media coverage is quantified in order to arrive at a positive image of Spain among German Swiss print press. Results confirm that: a) familiarization-trips account for an important volume of positive news; b) culture and travel news are predominantly positive, a trend not pointed out by journalist researchers because generally they focus mainly on political or disaster reporting; c) effectiveness of destination image management among print media can be measured and therefore targeted.     

The distance bias in natural disaster reporting – empirical evidence for the United States

Whenever governments or international organizations provide aid in the aftermath of natural disasters, they typically justify this support by humanitarian motives. Previous empirical research found that media reports on natural disasters have a systematic impact on the amount of provided disaster aid. While this is unproblematic as long as media reports are unbiased and thus deliver an undistorted picture of the occurrence and severity of worldwide occurring disasters, systematic reporting biases would lead to distorted aid flows and perhaps other distortions like an insufficient perception of a region in international organizations. Based on data on three US news shows we show that disaster reporting is subject to a distance bias, e.g., the likelihood that a disaster is covered by the media depends on the distance between the country where the media are located and the country where the disasters occur. We also find evidence that besides the distance bias the state of economic development of a country and importance as export markets have a positive effect on the probability that US news shows are reporting on a natural disaster. As a result, international aid flows might be systematically biased and not distributed in line with the needs of the victims.