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971.
Summary. The requirement that a voting procedure be immune to the strategic withdrawal of a candidate for election can be formalized
in different ways. Dutta, Jackson, and Le Breton (Econometrica, 2001) have recently shown that two formalizations of this candidate stability property are incompatible with some other
desirable properties of voting procedures. This article shows that Grether and Plott's nonbinary generalization of Arrow's
Theorem can be used to provide simple proofs of two of their impossibility theorems.
Received: August 15, 2001; revised version: March 11, 2002
RID="*"
ID="*" Parts of this article were previously circulated in somewhat different form in a working paper with the same title
by the second author. We are grateful to Michel Le Breton and an anonymous referee for their comments.
Correspondence to:J.A. Weymark 相似文献
972.
Hiroyuki Nakata 《Economic Theory》2003,21(2-3):697-727
Summary. This paper studies how communication or exchange of opinions influences correlation of beliefs. The paper focuses on a situation
in which agents communicate with each other infinitely many times without observing data. It is an extension to the ‘Expert
Problem’ in Bayesian theory, where the informational flow is asymmetric. Moreover, this paper generalizes the existing literature
of communication that employs the common prior assumption (CPA) by allowing for heterogeneous beliefs. Some basic convergence
results are shown in contrast with the results obtained under the CPA. Furthermore, several economic implications of the basic
results are provided.
Received: August 27, 2001; revised version: April 16, 2002
RID="*"
ID="*" The results presented in this paper are taken from my Ph.D. thesis at Stanford University. I gratefully acknowledge
the inspiration obtained from innumerable discussions with Mordecai Kurz about this subject. Also, I appreciate comments from
Kenneth J. Arrow, Peter J. Hammond, Maurizio Motolese, Carsten K. Nielsen, Ho-Mou Wu and the anonymous referee. 相似文献
973.
Summary. We examine how irreversible capital reduces the possibility of a duopoly to sustain implicit collusion by grim strategies,
when the product is homogenous and firms compete in quantities. Compared with the case of reversible capital, there are two
countervailing effects: Deviation from an existing collusion is less attractive, because capital once installed causes costs
forever. But the punishment will also be less severe due to the high capacity the deviating firm can build before punishment
starts. The last effect dominates, meaning that the commitment value of capital is negative for all firms. If capital is irreversible,
collusion breaks down for realistic magnitudes of interest rates.
Received: April 30, 1999; revised version: November 30, 2001 相似文献
974.
Summary. We prove existence of a competitive equilibrium in a version of a Ramsey (one sector) model in which agents are heterogeneous
and gross investment is constrained to be non negative. We do so by converting the infinite-dimensional fixed point problem
stated in terms of prices and commodities into a finite-dimensional Negishi problem involving individual weights in a social
value function. This method allows us to obtain detailed results concerning the properties of competitive equilibria. Because
of the simplicity of the techniques utilized our approach is amenable to be adapted by practitioners in analogous problems
often studied in macroeconomics.
Received: September 13, 2001; revised version: December 9, 2002
RID="*"
ID="*" We are grateful to Tapan Mitra for pointing out errors as well as making very valuable suggestions. Thanks are due
to Raouf Boucekkine and Jorge Duran for additional helpful discussions. We also thank an anonymous referee for his/her helpful
comments. The second author acknowledges the financial support of the Belgian Ministry of Scientific Research (Grant ARC 99/04-235
“Growth and incentive design”) and of the Belgian Federal Goverment (Grant PAI P5/10, “Equilibrium theory and optimization
for public policy and industry regulation”).
Correspondence to: C. Le Van 相似文献
975.
Tetsuo Ono 《Economic Theory》2003,22(1):141-168
Summary. The purpose of this paper is to consider environmental taxation which would control emissions of firms in a model of growth
cycles. In the model presented below, the economy may experience two phases of growth and environmental quality: “the no-innovation
growth regime” and “the innovation-led growth regime”. Aggregate capital and environmental quality remain constant in the
no-innovation growth regime, while they perpetually increase in the innovation-led growth regime. The paper shows that the
tax plays a key role in determining whether the economy stably converges to one of the two regimes or fluctuates permanently
between them. It also shows that there is a critical level of the tax and that the economy obtains higher growth rates of
capital and environmental quality by raising (or reducing) the tax if the initial tax is below (or above) the critical level.
Received: April 2, 2001; revised version: March 21, 2002
RID="*"
ID="*" This research reported here was conducted within the research project “Project on Intergenerational Equity” at Institute
of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University. I am deeply grateful to an anonymous referee for his or her insightful comments,
which greatly improved the paper. I also thank Hiroshi Honda, Yasuo Maeda, Yuji Nakayama, and participants in workshops at
Hitotsubashi University, Kyoto University, Nagoya University, Osaka University, University of Tsukuba, Yokohama National University,
and University of Tokyo for their valuable comments and suggestions. Any remaining errors are mine. 相似文献
976.
The paper claims that, in The Wealth of Nations, the divisionof labour refers simultaneously to two different things: a socialdivision of labour and an organisational division of labour.The central point is that the organisation of work (the organisationaldivision of labour) in the firm is the logical counterpart ofthe social division of labour, and that these reflect two inseparableaspects of the process of the division of labour. Smith is thusconcerned with organisations as well as with markets, each functioningaccording to the same principle. Hence, Smith does not believethat the organisational and the social divisions of labour arefundamentally different, although he does recognise some variationbetween them and describes different states of the divisionof labour within the firm, liberal and capitalist. 相似文献
977.
Spatial agglomeration and endogenous growth 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
This paper constructs a dynamic general equilibrium model with spatial interactions in which a human capital externality is the centripetal force towards agglomeration. The resource cost of transportation is, on the other hand, the main centrifugal force, preventing a city from growing unboundedly. A central feature of our analysis is the dynamic interaction between (perpetual) economic growth and (bounded) city growth. We examine the socially optimal and the decentralized growth rates as well as city sizes. In the decentralized environment, individuals under-invest, whereas cities are under-populated. We show how public policies may enable a decentralized city to attain the socially optimal allocation. 相似文献
978.
Tae Kyung Sung David V. Gibson Byung-Su Kang 《Technological Forecasting and Social Change》2003,70(5):449-466
This article explores the characteristics of venture business and entrepreneurs in Korea to (1) identify technology transfer activities, (2) analyze the differences between technology transfer in linear and nonlinear venture businesses, and (3) guide more effective venture business policy and strategy. This empirical assessment reveals that entrepreneurs have insightful evaluations about their resources and capacities as well as expectations with regard to functions and features of science parks and incubators. Respondents from “linear model”-based start-ups tend to be older and have higher education, employ more basic research and development (R&D) and have more R&D-oriented careers, and have more varied work experience than “nonlinear”-based start-ups. The functions and features of science parks and incubators were generally not considered a critical influence on start-ups nor on the growth of venture businesses. Accordingly, alternative venture-nurturing strategies are discussed as being key to accelerate venture businesses growth. 相似文献
979.
湘西州城镇体系建设的基本构想 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
城镇体系是一定区域内的城镇聚集体,它的形成与发展有赖于发达的经济和便利的交通条件。湘西州地处偏远山区,自然地理环境较差,交通闭塞,经济贫困,城镇化水平低,城镇体系不健全。文章透视了该地区城镇体系发展现状,并对未来城镇体系建设进行大胆构想,提出了具体的建设措施。 相似文献
980.
湘南农业结构调整与优化的政策建设探讨 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
农业结构调整与优化是我国21世纪农业发展战略的必然选择,但须有强力政策支持体系。因此,必须对农业结构调整与优化政策进行准确定位,并建立与之相适应的政策目标和措施体系。作为具有相对区域优势和特殊地位的湘南农业,还应该有自己的区域政策。 相似文献