Policy spillover and regional linkage characteristics of the real estate market in China's urban agglomerations

The main purpose of this study is to determine the spillover effect of real estate regulatory policies released by core cities on the surrounding cities in major urban agglomerations based on regional linkage characteristics of China's real estate market. In this study, real estate transaction data of 157 cities were selected from 11 major urban agglomerations. Agglomeration's housing transaction volatility and spillover effect caused by the core city's regulatory policies were simulated by integrating spatial and temporal analysis model, event analysis, and symbolic time series analysis. The findings showed that (1) the regional linkage of the real estate market in the Harbin–Changchun and Middle–South Liaoning, Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, and West Side of the Straits agglomerations were remarkably tight and the core cities' policy spillover effect was significant, of which the house purchase limitation and credit limitation policies had the widest influence; (2) the regional linkage of the real estate market in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei agglomeration, Shandong Peninsula, Guanzhong Plain, and Chengdu–Chongqing agglomerations was relatively weaker, but the core cities' policies of market regulation and taxation had certain spillover effect; (3) there were significant differences in the spillover effects of different types of policies in different urban agglomerations; (4) generally, the core cities' policy spillover often reduced the changing characteristics of the real estate market and made it more ordered with more certainty in the whole agglomeration, with the exception of the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei, West Side of the Straits, and Chengdu–Chongqing agglomerations.     

Multi-criteria analysis of economic complexity transition in emerging economies: The case of Paraguay

Like many emerging economies, the productive structure of the Paraguayan economy is not complex. It relies extensively on low value-added activities in the primary sector such as agriculture and cattle ranching. These activities have a lower return in terms of economic and social benefits than other potential productive activities and do not contribute to increasing capability accumulation. In this paper we present a tool to support the identification of strategic sectors and products which if taken advantage of, could leverage development through the accumulation of productive capabilities. Our guiding question is: Which productive sectors should be promoted to foster economic development in Paraguay through a transition towards a more complex economy? To answer this question, we use concepts from the Economic Complexity theory to identify new products and cluster them based on the Product Space methodology for the determination of potential products and combine it with the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) for multicriteria analysis considering multiple criteria. In doing so, our proposed methodology contributes to both the Economic Complexity and the AHP literature. Through this combination, we tackle the multiplicity of juxtaposed criteria, which should be considered at the prioritization stage in the crafting of economic restructuring measures according to the country's capabilities. Our evaluation showed that the combination of the approaches is useful, and for Paraguay's case, it helped identify sectors, which, if promoted by policymakers, could help boost economic development through complexity and capability accumulation.     

新环保法实施增大了企业的技术创新投入吗？——基于PSM-DID方法的研究

以2012—2017年A股上市公司为样本,借助双重差分倾向得分匹配法（PSM-DID）研究了新环保法实施这一外生性事件对企业技术创新投入的影响。结果显示,新环保法实施后受影响企业的技术创新投入有所增加,但结果并不显著。进一步探究其原因,发现除新环保法影响可能存在的时滞性特征以外,企业并没有在新环保法实施环境下对企业的资本结构、治理结构和激励方案等影响企业技术创新的重大方面做出及时调整,导致环保法的强制性作用无法快速、有效地影响企业的技术创新。     

农业补贴政策对农民收入的影响与对策——以湖南为例

分析2007年和2009年湖南省统计年鉴中主要农业产品产量,以及农业收入在GDP中的比重,得出制约湖南省农业增长率的主要原因是农业补贴政策重点不突出,力度不够,没有形成农民增加收入的长效机制。于是提出了引入黄箱和绿箱多项农业补贴政策,调整和优化农业结构,加快农村劳动力转移,加快农村小城镇化建设等政策措施。     

三位一体,促进大学生就业

扩招的根本目的在于增加国民接受高等教育的机会、提高国民整体素质。但随着高校门径扩大,就业难成为了当前乃至以后很长一段时间国家、社会及高校大学生自身必须面临的难题。本文从国家就业政策、高校就业指导及大学生自身就业规划三方面进行阐述,旨在使高校毕业生合理规划职业生涯,促进就业。     

Why Sweden's pension reform was able to be successfully implemented

Governments that do not reform pay-as-you-go (PAYG) pension systems will eventually face a pension crisis. In a democracy, reforms require majority support. The problem is that pension reform requires today's generation to bear the burden to avoid burdening tomorrow's generation. Sweden recently passed pension legislation that specifies a gradual transition from a public defined-benefit plan to a defined contribution plan. Why was Sweden successful in reforming its pension system? We find that a political economy perspective helps to answer this question: there are more winners who would vote in favour of the reform than non-winners who would vote against it. When comparing the net effect (present value of expected benefits minus present value of remaining contributions) of the new and old systems, contributions of the working generation (age < 53) are reduced by more than their expected benefits.     

企业社会责任导向下我国物流业税收政策研究

基于企业社会责任观,认为我国当前物流业的相关税收政策在引导企业履行社会责任方面存在差距,要使我国物流业健康、快速、长久地发展,物流业税收政策的设计要引导企业履行经济责任、法律责任、道德责任和慈善责任四个社会责任层次,通过对现状和问题的分析提出了政策设计的导向和措施。     

我国货币供给内生性研究——基于现金漏损率的分析

货币供给内生性与外生性问题是一个重要的理论和现实问题,正确判断一个经济体的货币供给内外生性对于认识货币供给运行机制、制定正确的货币政策以及提高货币政策的有效性都具有重要意义。本文以现金漏损率为切入点,深入分析其对货币乘数、进而对货币供给量的影响,并得出我国货币供给内生性增强的结论。最后,在该结论的指导下,为我国选择正确的货币政策以及如何提高货币政策的有效性提出了若干建议。     

产业链纵向结构与创新扶持政策指向——以中国汽车产业为例

产业链纵向结构特性对于创新扶持政策的效应具有关键影响,应成为政策制定的重要依据。本文基于中国汽车产业发展的现实背景,构建博弈模型分析内资与外资厂商的纵向关系及其横向竞争对上游厂商创新策略的影响。研究发现,下游内资与外资厂商之间技术差距的缩小,会迫使上游内资厂商进行创新或接受价格压榨;政府对上游内资企业的保护性政策会降低内资厂商的创新激励,而政府对研发的直接补贴则能强化上游内资厂商的创新激励。     

推广创新券支持中小企业创新应注意的几个问题

创新券是针对中小企业普遍存在的创新力度不足而采用的一项政府投入政策。其推广可以促进科技与经济的有机结合。本文从多方面指出了推广创新券支持中小企业创新应注意的几个问题。