论会计系统研究方法

系统研究方法源于系统科学的发展。系统研究需要采用系统研究方法,系统研究方法在会计研究中的应用形成会计系统研究方法。会计系统研究方法是一个体系,包括各种具体研究方法,具有从整体出发,进行"综合-分析-再综合",确定目标与实现目标相结合,定量分析与定性分析相结合等特点。会计研究的内容形成被研究的系统,在会计领域的各个方面都可以采用会计系统研究方法。会计研究采用系统研究方法,有利于全面认识系统的性质及其发展,正确处理系统各构成部分之间的相互关系,促进系统目标的实现,开拓系统的创新发展,检验系统研究的成果。     

会计稳健性根源探析

利益相关者之间的信息不对称是会计稳健性产生的根本原因。损失函数的不对称包括契约性的和非契约性的。遭受损失的契约方会向管理当局和非契约方寻求帮助以降低其损失,准则制定机构和法律制定机构会分别制定更加稳健的会计准则以及执行严格的法律法规,从而保证处于信息劣势方不发生损失或者降低损失程度。准则以及各项法律法规在一定程度上形成了外部公司治理机制,从而产生了会计稳健性。     

Exploring the presence of accounting amongst petty traders in Ghana

This paper seeks to investigate the presence of accounting among petty traders in Ghana. The methodology applied was the mixed method under the multiple methods choices. Both qualitative and quantitative techniques were used. The findings were that formal education is not a pre-requisite requirement to the operations of a petty trading business. However, the study revealed the presence of accounting in petty trading; thus confirming the assumption that accounting is a universal good and is present in the petty trading business. Findings on the three major factors that influenced the present or absent of accounting among petty traders revealed that： there were no state institutions or pressure groups in Ghana to influence or oblige private entrepreneurs （petty traders） to prepare financial statements; the literacy of the petty trader though was found to be a necessary factor, it was not sufficient to explain the accountancy presence or absence in the traders＇ businesses. The usefulness of the accounting information to the petty trader influenced the presence of accounting in the traders＇ business. Finally, the level of trust - social capital in the community, and its influence on the presence of accounting, was relatively insignificant in the context of urban Ghana. No study of this kind has been conducted in the field of accounting presence or absence in Ghana.     

The impact of European firms＇ economic conditions and financial performance on accounting quality

In this study the authors analyse the possible effect of firms＇ economic conditions and financial performance on accounting quality. Bradshaw, et al. （2004）, Gelos ＆ WEI （2005） stated that financial reporting quality is fundamental for investors and it affects international capital movements. Following Schipper ＆ Vicent （2003）, the authors estimated accounting quality by abnormal accruals and earnings persistence. The authors＇ contribution consists of investigating a huge number of firms from 17 European countries using unbalanced panel data. The authors found evidence that economic conditions affect accounting quality： big firms and those with high current earnings exhibit better financial information. These results are robust because they do not depend on the accounting quality proxy, even when the authors estimated regression with economical and financial factors alone or together. Financial performance does not seem to affect accounting quality. However, this relation is not linear because in high leveraged firms, the capital structure becomes determinant.     

会计与审计：理论渊源与发展路径

会计与审计总是如影相随,20世纪50年代管理会计兴起的同时,管理审计也开始萌芽。现在看来,会计与审计发展的根本动因是受托责任,两者的终极目标是价值增值,财务会计和管理会计的融合是大势所趋,最终走向以价值链会计为核心的“泛会计”;财务审计和管理审计同样走向融合,最终走向以风险和治理为导向的增值审计。     

高校改革与发展呼唤新会计制度尽快出台

现行《高等学校会计制度》在会计记账基础、会计核算科目设置、预算会计制度以及财务报告体系等方面均存在诸多不足。高校教育体制的改革与发展呼唤新会计制度尽快出台。新《高等学校会计制度（征求意见稿）》引入了修正的权责发生制原则,对会计核算科目的设置趋于规范并进一步完善财务报告体系,能有效推进高校财务会计工作的改进和发展。但也需要通过完善相关科目的设置、编制现金流量表及明确不计提折旧的固定资产等途径对其进一步的修改和完善。     

基于会计岗位课程教学的校内生产性实训基地建设

加强实训基地建设是提高高职会计专业教学质量的重要环节。鉴于会计岗位的特殊性和校外实训基地建设的现状,加强校内生产性实训基地的建设对会计专业而言显得非常必要。构建如会计服务公司形式的校内生产性实训基地具有现实的可行性。文章提出了构建校内生产性实训基地应明确的几点内容。     

新会计准则下上市公司盈余管理治理研究

随着近些年资本市场盈余管理的愈演愈烈,盈余管理成为国内经济学界和会计学界研究的重要课题之一。分析新会计准则下盈余管理主要操作手段,并结合我国实际,可以提出有效治理上市公司盈余管理的积极对策。     

会计学专业本科生毕业论文的现状、目标与质量控制

从毕业生对毕业论文的态度、毕业论文的写作过程以及毕业论文的效果等3个方面对嘉兴学院2011届会计学专业本科生毕业论文的现状进行了调查。在问卷调查的基础上,提出会计学专业本科生毕业论文的培养目标应定位于注重综合能力的训练以及程序理性思维的培养。分别从前期、中期和后期个阶段构建了会计学专业本科毕业论文的质量控制体系。     

中美高校高级财务会计学课程教学方法比较

中美高校高级财务会计学课程在教学方法上存在差异,这种差异在深层次上反映了观念的差异。因此,教学方法的改革不仅仅是方法上的变化,更需要全社会对于高等教育从观念和形态上的转变。