平衡计分卡应用初探

该文认为建立平衡计分卡的难点在于如何将企业的长远目标转化成为平衡计分卡上具体的评价指标,并对其进行定量计分。在确定平衡计分卡的具体评价指标时,运用了调查法,在对评价指标进行定量计分时,运用了权系数模型以及统计学的一些常用方法进行计算分析。     

股权集中度与公司绩效——以浙江省上市公司为例

本文以浙江省上市公司为研究对象,首先运用描述统计方法分析浙江省上市公司经营现状;其次本文运用多元线性回归方法,利用浙江省各上市公司对外公布的年报数据,采用反映上市公司股权集中度与公司绩效的多个变量,对浙江省上市公司股权集中度与公司绩效作回归研究。通过实证分析来研究浙江省上市公司的股权集中度与公司绩效间的相互关系,为改善浙江省上市公司治理结构、提升公司绩效提出合理化建议。     

新疆支农贷款在新农村建设中的效益分析

自从西部大开发政策实施以来,新疆的支农贷款逐年增多,新疆农业与农村经济也取得了很大的成就,农业生产条件比以前明显改善,但其效益不佳。本文主要运用柯布—道格拉斯函数和相关系数模型对支农贷款在新疆社会主义新农村建设中的效益进行分析,并提出相关政策建议。     

日本碳交易的机制与成效

随着国际社会对气候问题重视的不断加深,二氧化碳排放权交易日益受到各国的关注,碳交易在全球迅速发展。日本碳交易的发展存在着诸多的困难与不确定性,但是,日本凭借自身的外交、节能减排技术等有利条件,不仅在积极推动国际碳交易发展中加强了国际关系,而且,通过不断完善碳交易机制,创建碳交易平台,促进国内外的碳交易制度的完善,取得了一定的环境和经济效益。     

上市公司与非上市公司的绩效对比:一个产业视角的分析

产业结构决定着一国经济增长方式和国际竞争力。不同要素密集型产业的绩效如何？上市作为一种制度因素是否影响企业绩效，对企业绩效的影响是否存在产业差异？本文通过实证研究得出的结论是，上市与非上市企业的绩效具有产业差异，资本密集型企业的上市绩效好于劳动密集型、技术密集型企业。但同一企业上市后的绩效并没有比其上市前有明显提升。这一结论的政策含义在于，要提升股票市场的产业结构优化效应，一方面需要在上市公司的增量选择上进行有效的产业分布，更为重要的是强化股票市场的规制功能，提高上市公司绩效。     

Approaches to performance measurement in hedonic analysis: Price indexes for laptop computers in the 1990's

This paper estimates price indexes for laptop personal computers using hedonic methods and data taken from PC Magazine technical reviews. We use benchmark test results to construct a measure of system performance that encapsulates factors that have previously gone unmeasured, such as the interactions between hardware components. The resulting hedonic function is parsimonious yet has good explanatory power. A second approach to performance measurement is developed using a set of technical proxies that are shown to closely approximate the benchmark test scores, and are thus nearly perfectly equivalent in terms of resulting price index estimates. While not as parsimonious as a single performance measure, these proxies have the advantage of not requiring direct performance testing, and could thus be applied to larger data sets. Laptops were found to have declined in quality-adjusted price at an average rate of 40% per year for the period 1990-1998.     

Knowledge sharing in revenue management teams: Antecedents and consequences of group cohesion

The practice of Revenue Management has received widespread acceptance in the international hospitality industry yet a lack of best practice in terms of organizational integration persists. This paper follows the notion that revenue management is first and foremost a human activity, dependent on knowledge exchange and concerted decision within revenue management teams. One critical attribute of effective teams is group cohesion. The authors contrasted communication networks of 38 revenue management teams by means of social network analysis to identify the antecedents and consequences of group cohesion. It was found that industry employment, age and revenue management experience define the structure of communication networks and that awareness of other's expertise is central in explaining differences team performance across the sample. The findings highlight the issue of knowledge asymmetry in teams and suggest that the Revenue Manager occupies a more active role as an information broker in order to enhance group decision making.     

Determining fair values of performance‐vested and forfeiture‐embedded employee stock options

This study provides a new approach to determine the fair value of ESOs by extending the performance‐vested option pricing model. The model developed in this study takes both vesting period and forfeiture rate into consideration to capture characteristics of ESOs. Empirical and sensitivity analyses give evidence for the importance of these two elements. Empirical results also support that the derived model can be employed to increase the accuracy of ESOs’ fair value.     

DEVELOPMENT PRESSURES AND HERITAGE IN THE PERTH CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT, 1950–90

This article examines the remaking of Perth's Central Business District (CBD) during the 1950–90 period. It traces the establishment of a modernist development ethos in Perth's planning, outlines the inadequacy of the City's planning regulations, and analyses the impact on St George's Terrace, the city's main commercial thoroughfare. The City Council was largely incapable of restraining excessive development and the extension of its system of plot ratios encouraged manipulation to increase the height of developments. Several important historic buildings were demolished because there were no legal means of safeguarding the city's heritage until 1990.     

Performance information use by politicians and public managers for internal control and external accountability purposes

Governance structures have changed fundamentally since the beginning of New Public Management inspired reforms. Particularly local public service delivery nowadays can be characterized as diversified and fragmented, leading to internal management and external accountability challenges for politicians as well as public managers. In this context the use of performance information is seen as a crucial element for effectively dealing with both issues. Nevertheless, empirical research considering different actors and contexts within one study is rare. The present paper fills this gap by applying a multi-theoretical perspective and testing hypotheses on the antecedents of performance information use by politicians and public managers for internal management as well as external accountability purposes in small- and medium sized local governments in Austria. The study results show that both groups use performance information to a greater extent within external accountability relationships than for internal management purposes. Results further illustrate that driving factors show similarities for both groups with reference to the latter mentioned purpose, while a more diverse picture is shown regarding factors impacting their use behavior toward citizens and supervisory authorities.