Classification of ownership patterns in Korean conglomerates

This study classifies the ownership structure of conglomerates considering the conglomerates' choices of pyramidal vs. horizontal structures and the magnitude of equity held by the controlling shareholders, namely the owner family. It proposes four patterns of ownership structure: (1) horizontal ownership with a high family stake, (2) horizontal ownership with a low family stake, (3) pyramidal ownership with a high family stake, and (4) pyramidal ownership with low family stake. Further, an attempt has been made to identify the series of economic variables contributing to the varying patterns of ownership structure in the 30 largest Korean conglomerates.     

A valued agent: How ECAs affect website customers' satisfaction and behaviors

Building on literature related to selling and embodied conversational agents (ECA), this research seeks to determine how the use of an ECA might improve users’ perceptions of shopping value (hedonic and utilitarian) and the consequences for their purchase intentions and satisfaction with the website. This analysis focuses specifically on three ECA usage consequences: playfulness, decision quality, and social presence. Hedonic value mediates the effects of playfulness and social presence on satisfaction and behavioral intentions; utilitarian shopping value mediates the effects of decision quality. The results highlight the importance of accounting for both utilitarian and hedonic features to understand ECA outputs in e-commerce sites.     

论保险代理人行为对保险人之拘束力

保险代理人与保险人之间可能系劳动关系,亦可能系代理关系。保险代理人所知应视为保险人所知。保险代理人代投保人填写投保单的后果应由投保人承担。保险人可以书面限制保险代理人的代理权。保险人可在保险合同中约定投保人对保险人的告知均需以书面进行。     

具有智能交互的网络教学系统

由于在网络教学中,缺乏传统教学的灵活性,因此在网络教学中引入agent,设计基于浏览器/Agent/服务器的网络教学系统,并提出了各个模块的主要功能,使得网络教学更加智能化和个性化。     

如何提高招标代理企业客户满意度

提高客户满意度是招标代理企业稳定健康发展的有效途径.招标代理企业的客户在新时期呈现多样性,给企业的客户管理工作带来诸多挑战.文章结合笔者工作实践,提出提高招标代理企业客户满意度的几点建议.     

Strategic marketing concepts and models

In this second of two articles on strategic marketing planning the author describes the techniques that have been developed to aid analysis of marketing information. Analytical frameworks such as the product life‐cycle, the growth‐share matrix, the Business Assessment Array and the Directional Policy Matrix are discussed and the benefits and pitfalls associated with strategic planning frameworks are considered by the author.     

对乌鲁木齐市零就业家庭24小时动态清零政策实施情况的调查

就业是民生之本，是促进社会和谐发展的重要基础。2010年召开的自治区党委七届九次全委扩大会议提出重点解决零就业家庭就业问题，并且将零就业家庭就业援助工作作为新疆实现跨越式发展和长治久安的一项重点民生工程。2011年是自治区确定的民生建设年，如何继续落实好零就业家庭24小时动态清零政策，促进就业再就业工作是当前亟待解决的问题。本文通过对零就业家庭就业援助政策背景、实施情况、存在问题等进行深入分析，提出了提升零就业家庭成员就业竞争力、促进零就业家庭稳定就业的相关对策建议。     

基于博弈论视角下的第三方支付的监管

在对第三方支付的现状以及风险分析的基础上，提出保证金制监管制度。通过建立委托一代理博弈模型分析了保证金制的效果，建议监管部门实行分级监管，并提出了相应的监管建议。     

INCENTIVES AND SOCIAL NORMS: A MOTIVATION‐BASED ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL NORMS

Abstract It is now commonplace to regard social norms as a subject of growing interest in the economic literature (e.g. game theoretical approaches based on ‘other‐regarding’ individual preferences, the analysis of the impact of rewards or punishment on individuals’ behaviour through experimental economics as well as field experiments, the revival of the institutionalist tradition spurred on by the influential work of Douglas North and followed by many others and the growing influence of neuroeconomics). In this paper, we focus on the relationship between incentives and social norms and survey the literature that could constitute the foundations of a motivation‐based economic analysis of social norms. Our main findings are that (1) the interaction between incentives and social norms is far from obvious since taking social norms into account involves the introduction of supplementary motives, in addition to self‐interest, into the economic analytical framework; (2) the analysis of the interaction between incentives and social norms resists an approach exclusively in terms of crowding‐in and ‐out effects because it is sensitive to whether it concerns behaviours driven by honour or by social stigma; (3) as a result, it is difficult to precisely evaluate the policy implication of the interactions between incentives and social norms.     

Public Service Leaders as ‘Change Agents’ – for Whom?

Abstract

This article examines how far senior staff in English educational and health service organizations view themselves as leaders who are ‘change agents’ for government-driven reform and independent change agendas. The contribution of external leadership development provision to shaping these self-perceptions is explored. Special attention is paid to national leadership development bodies with different degrees of formal association with government. Whatever this relationship, such provision and other development support apparently reinforced a strong sense of personal agency (choice of action) associated with being a leader, empowering senior staff to adopt a modestly mediatory stance towards both reform and leadership development provision.