区域公共物品政府供给的博弈分析

区域公共物品是一种特殊的公共物品,不仅具有公共物品的一般属性,还具有其自身特殊属性。正是由于区域公共物品的这些特性,区域内地方政府在供给区域公共物品时容易陷入"囚徒困境",导致区域公共物品供给不足,阻碍区域经济一体化的发展。本文运用博弈分析原理,对区域公共物品供给不足进行了分析,认为区域公共物品供给不足除了区域公共物品的特性以外,政府的有限理性和信息不对称也是导致区域公共物品供给不足的重要因素,并就区域公共物品供给不足提出一些政策建议。     

基于经济学视角的温州金融综合改革探析

温州是市场经济和民间金融的典型和代表,但民间资本与金融服务处于"金融压抑"的状态。温州金融综合改革试验区的设立对解决温州民间金融桎梏提供了新机遇。本文从经济学的视角,分析温州民营企业"两难"问题症结和改革难点,揭示温州金融综合改革的重点方向和意义指向。     

师范院校开办学前教育专业:面临困境与破解之策——以渭南师范学院为例

为响应国家大力发展学前教育的政策,着力解决当前存在的"入园难"问题,保障学前教育师资队伍建设,各地师范院校纷纷开办或筹办学前教育专业。不可避免,师范院校在学前教育专业建设中会面临诸多困境,尤为关键的是专业定位、教学团队及教学设施建设。找到破解这些困境的应对之策,无疑将对我国学前教育事业的科学发展具有重要的指导意义。     

安徽庐剧传承发展困境及其对策研究

庐剧作为安徽省的主要地方戏曲剧种之一,在历史发展中曾有过自己的辉煌,受自身和外部因素制约,作为国家级非物质文化遗产的庐剧的传承发展面临困境。应采取重视剧目的创作、导演及演员的培养,加强商业化运作,实现多元化发展等措施,实现庐剧的传承与发展。     

我国村民自治的困境与脱困——兼论《村民委员会组织法》（修订草案）之再改进

本次《村民委员会组织法》（修订草案）提出了完善村民代表会议组成和议事程序、增设村务监督机构的脱困方案,尽管触及了我国村民自治困境的关键所在,但仍无法根治问题。有效的脱困之方是设立村民监督议事会,兼行决策权与监督权,强化民主决策和民主监督环节,促使村委会在工作中实现民主管理。     

The importance of structure in linking games

A common approach in modeling negotiations is to apply game theory to single issues. Recent work has suggested that the complexity of international negotiations can be better modeled by linking independent games. Successful linking is possible when the linked issues have compensating asymmetry of similar magnitude. An important result of linked games is that such games produce a greater feasible set of choices relative to the aggregated isolated games. In this paper, we demonstrate that achieving strict dominance of the linked game is not trivial and that results and implications depend on the structures of the isolated games.     

Dissertation abstract: A status theory of collective action

The “collective action problem” describes situations where each person in a group can individually profit more by withholding contributions to group goals. However, if all act in their material self-interest no public good is produced and all are worse off. I present a new solution to the collective action problem based on status. I argue that contributions to collective action increase an individual’s status in the group because contributions create perceptions of high group motivation, defined as the relative value an individual places on group versus individual welfare. Individuals are predicted to receive a variety of social and material benefits for their contributions to the group. These rewards can help explain why individuals contribute to collective action. Four laboratory studies tested the theory. In Study 1, following interaction in a 6-person public goods game, participants reported viewing higher contributors as more group motivated and higher status. Higher contributors also wielded more interpersonal influence in task interactions with participants. Participants also cooperated with higher contributors more, and allocated greater altruism to them in a Dictator game. Study 2 addressed an exchange-theoretic alternative explanation for the findings of Study 1, showing that observers of collective action who did not benefit from higher contributors’ contributions to the public good, nonetheless rated them as higher status, cooperated with them more, and gave them greater altruistic gifts. These results show that collective action contributors can earn social and material benefits even outside the group. Study 3 more directly tested the mediating role of group motivation. Contributors who sacrificed a greater proportion of resources for the collective action were rated as more group motivated and higher status than a moderate proportional contributor, even though the amounts they contributed were the same. These findings support the theory, and underscore the significance of self-sacrifice in the acquisition of status in collective action. Study 4 investigated the effects of status rewards on contributors’ behavior towards and perceptions of the group. Participants who received positive status feedback for their contributions subsequently contributed more than those who did not. Rewarded participants also identified more with the group and saw it as having greater solidarity and cohesion. I conclude by discussing theoretical implications and future research. JEL Classification C71     

乡村旅游地产品差异化经营不足的深层原因透析——基于产权经济理论和农民行动理论的双重视角

根据乡村旅游地产品差异化经营不足的现实,首先从供给、需求以及政府规制角度对乡村旅游产品差异化经营不足的一般性原因进行分析。在此基础上,结合我国乡村旅游地的社会经济实际,从产权经济理论和农民行动理论的双重视角出发对乡村旅游地产品差异化经营不足的原因展开分析。研究指出:我国土地资源产权制度的缺失及乡村旅游资源的公共池塘资源特征使得乡村旅游经营者很难在产品差异化经营的道路上取得根本性突破。乡村旅游地的熟人社会关系使创新者难于对产品差异化经营成果实施有效保护,产品差异化经营面对的高交易成本使农民在权衡利弊后最终选择模仿或抄袭创新者。     

江苏清洁发展机制项目清洁技术引进的现状与对策

发达国家通过清洁发展机制向发展中国家企业输出清洁技术工艺存在多重、复杂的利益目标,借助清洁发展机制,发展中国家企业一方面可以获得先进清洁技术、提高自身的环境生产效率;另一方面,也会遭遇技术获援—环境生产率提高—技术依赖—企业减排负担加重的绿色困境。如何正确高效的引进清洁技术是非常重要和迫切的,为此,文章运用个案分析方法,在前人研究的基础上,对清洁发展机制项目涉及的技术转移以及技术引进问题进行了系统的剖析和研究,并提出了一些解决策略。     

社会主义新农村建设视阈下农村青年女性参政的分析与思考

农村青年女性的参选参政不仅是社会发展的进一步体现和对男女平等思想的更深层次的践行,也是社会主义新农村建设中建设民主政治,构建和谐社会、和谐农村的客观需要。本文从农村青年女性参政的现状、困境、路径选择等方面对农村青年女性的参政问题进行了深层次的探讨和分析。