国有企业监督制度的困局与策略

党的十八大以来,国有企业监督制度改革经历了监督职能从虚到实、派驻巡视监督机构从无到有、监督队伍从弱到强、监督制度从单一到多元四大转变,为推动国有企业改革发展提供了重要保障。当前国有企业监督制度运行仍存在外部监督制度不尽完善、内设监事会制度与新形势变化要求不相适应、分类差异化监管制度有待探索构建、多头重复监督难以形成有效监督合力等问题。因而,完善具有中国特色的国有企业监督制度,就必须健全国有企业分类监督制度、重建以内设监事会为核心的国有企业内部监督机制,探索推行外派纪委书记兼任监事会主席模式,构建党委领导下的国有企业"大监督"格局,以切实提升国有企业监督工作的权威性、独立性和有效性。     

新中国70年的农村养老保障:历史演进与现实困境

基于制度变迁和福利文化的相关理论,本文对我国农村养老保障70年的历史演进与现实困境进行了讨论。分析表明,70年来,我国农村养老保障体系主要经历了"传统家庭养老-集体养老-新型家庭养老-社会化养老"等四个阶段的演化过程。尽管我国养老保障体系的"二元"架构具备一定的历史合理性,但农村养老保障产品长期供给不足,引致养老保障体系的运行成本持续增长,进行城乡统筹的所谓"转轨"成本较高。市场化参与力量相对缺失,农村养老保障的多元主体供给体系难以构建。由于可能存在的"小农意识"和短视行为以及关于养老保险产品的悲观预期,农民群体的主动参与意愿相对不足,引致这一群体广泛参与的可持续的农村养老保障体系并未有效构建。     

Drucker’s insights on market orientation and innovation: implications for emerging areas in high-technology marketing

In 1954, Drucker boldly declared that organizations have only two basic functions, marketing and innovation. While true for any organization, this insight is particularly pertinent for technology-based businesses. The complicated environment surrounding high-tech companies creates a great need for sophisticated marketing. Yet these companies continue to have under-developed competencies in marketing and in understanding customer needs. This essay explores Drucker’s insights with respect to two particularly salient issues for high-tech companies: developing and implementing a market orientation and break-through innovations. We review Drucker’s insights and synthesize them with the scholarly research on these issues. Finally, we discuss three emerging areas in high-tech marketing where academics and managers could build on Drucker’s insights to guide future research and practice: market driving, customer co-creation, and corporate social responsibility. These illustrative examples highlight that even today, Drucker’s writings continue to offer remarkable guidance to scholars and managers who are willing to take the time to reflect, understand, and incorporate his insights in the unique context of high-tech industries. Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

我国银行系P2P发展现状与困境分析

目前我国具有商业银行背景的P2P平台主要有14家,包括5家独立经营的银行系P2P平台企业及9家银行自主搭建的P2P平台。各银行系P2P选择不同的商业模式运营,从而形成了不同的业务规模与业务形式。虽然具有商业银行天然信用背书,但银行系P2P的发展过程并不顺利。对14家银行系P2P的发展现状及问题进行了分析,并试图找到合适的方法来缓解银行系P2P的发展困境。     

浅析公民参与问责的困境与出路

公民参与问责具有重要的理论意义和实践意义。然而,当前公民问责面临着公民文化缺乏导致参与冷漠,政治体制滞后制约参与发展,参与机制缺失阻碍参与渠道和公民素质不高影响参与理性等困境。完善我国的公民参与问责,关键要构建参与型政治文化,完善公民参与问责的制度建设,拓宽公民参与问责渠道以及提高公民参与问责能力等。     

基于“囚徒困境”博弈的防范工程招投标合谋研究

提出一种防范工程招投标中招标代理与投标人合谋的新策略,即同时派出两个招标代理审查投标人,使两个招标代理陷入"囚徒困境"博弈中以保证其报告真实。进而针对该策略成本太高的缺点,通过使两者处于不对称信息环境下,进一步改进了该"囚徒困境"博弈。据此,只要招标人设定适当的奖励和惩罚机制,就能在一定程度上阻止招标代理与投标人合谋。     

银行流动性过剩:当前金融运行中面临的突出问题

当前我国金融运行中存在着银行流动性过剩的突出问题,其主要表现为存差持续扩大、超额准备金居高不下、M2与M1持续背离、货币市场利率持续走低等.本文深入解释了银行流动性过剩形成的具体原因,着重从微观运行的角度剖析了流动性过剩的出现对银行经营特别是银行盈利水平的影响,并基于金融结构创新的视点提出了相应的对策建议.     

破解“特里芬难题”与改革现行国际货币体系

该文从剖析“特里芬难题”的本质原因入手,提出加快国际货币体系改革是解决“特里芬难题”,更是应对近半个多世纪以来国际货币金融危机频仍的根本途径。SDR作为一种在国际货币基金组织框架下由成员国集体创设的储备资产和记账单位,未来可以考虑围绕其基本的货币要素分步开展国际货币体系的改革。随着中国经济的稳健发展和人民币跨境结算进程的加快,人民币应当在国际货币体系改革进程中发挥更大的作用。     

失地农民城市适应困境与对策研究

通过问卷调查与个案访谈发现，失地农民在城市适应中所面临的困境是：职业上低层次、低技术含量、低工资待遇、低稳定性，并且因城市生活风险和生存成本的提高，并未随着收入的增加生活水平相应地提高；社会交往的同质性、内倾性和被动性，交往范围比较狭窄；身份认同的边缘性；生活方式的滞后性；社会保障的缺失。文章分析了其产生的原因，并且提出了相应的对策。     

Anger in social conflict: Cross-situational comparisons and suggestions for the future

This paper reviews research on the role of anger in conflict. We distinguish between intrapersonal and interpersonal effects of anger, the former referring to the impact of parties’ feelings of anger on their own behavior and the latter referring to the impact of one parties’ anger on the other’s behavior. We further compare the effects of anger across a variety of conflict settings, including negotiation, ultimatum bargaining, prisoner’s dilemma, resource dilemma, and coalition formation. At the intrapersonal level, anger is associated with competition in all conflict settings. In contrast, the interpersonal effects of anger differ across situations, with anger sometimes eliciting cooperation, sometimes eliciting competition, and sometimes having no effect. Based on the research reviewed, we conclude that the interpersonal effects of anger in conflict are determined by the level of interdependence of the parties, their information processing tendencies, and the justifiability of the anger expressions. Preparation of this paper was facilitated by a Veni grant from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO 451–05–010) awarded to Gerben A. Van Kleef.