铁路客运合同限额赔偿的法律适用

通过铁路法院对一起旅客人身损害赔偿纠纷案件审理的分析,对比《海商法》和《民用航空法》关于客运合同限额赔偿的使用规定,提出《铁路法》的缺漏,以及《铁路旅客运输损害赔偿规定》中有关内容的不合时宜,特别针对受害旅客提出的精神损害赔偿要求,在相关规定中应有所体现,便于司法实践运用。     

物权法新司法解释与商业银行应对之策

为正确审理物权纠纷案件,最高人民法院于2016年2月22日发布了《关于适用〈中华人民共和国物权法〉若干问题的解释（一）》,自2016年3月1日施行。《新司法解释》将对商业银行经营产生重大影响。本文试对《新司法解释》的主要内容进行诠释,并就商业银行应对之策提出几点建议,以期对商业银行正确适用《新司法解释》能有所裨益。     

脱法实践下公司法规则变迁之逻辑

新一轮公司法修订工作已启动,从宏观层面探讨并反思公司法规则变迁无疑意义重大。脱法实践作为一种“失范的自治行为”与公司法规则变迁紧密相连,并存在耦合基础,即法的社会性、价值性与不完备性与脱法行为的实践性、逐利性和指向性具有相通、相倚和相成的共性。脱法实践与公司法规则变迁之间产生耦合的逻辑进路是对应然层面法秩序的判定,而判定此种应然层面法秩序的必要前提则是对脱法实践以及相应的公司法强制性规范分别进行合法性评价。经过合法性评价后的脱法实践与公司法规则之间存在四种耦合形态,并可以类型化出三维逻辑样态： 正向评价的法与违法的脱法之竞争逻辑、负向评价的法与合法的脱法之替代逻辑以及负向评价的法与违法的脱法之重塑逻辑。不同逻辑样态下的变迁范式呈现出各异特征,并对公司法规则变迁产生不同程度的影响。     

信托公司市场退出与信托财产保护制度建设

本文就信托公司市场退出过程中的投资者权益保障难的表现、主要原因和信托及信托财产的基本法律性质等进行了较深入的分析,并就将来信托公司市场退出时的信托财产保护制度建设和监管等提出相应政策建议。     

借鉴国际经验 建立我国财产税课税评估制度

随着经济全球化进一步深化以及我国市场经济体制的不断发展,改革和完善我国财产税制度日趋重要.课税评估作为确定财产税计税依据的重要方式,在财产税制度建设中具有重大意义.本文借鉴境外财产税课税评估的先进经验,提出了建立与国际惯例相一致、符合我国实际的财产税课税评估制度的建议.     

借鉴国际经验完善我国财产税制

西方国家大都有较完善的财产税制。本文在借鉴西方发达国家财产税制的基础上,提出我国的财产税制改革方案:开征财产净值税和遗产税,①并完善相关配套征管制度。     

信托融入民法典的逻辑理据与体例选择

信托制度不同于传统的民商事法律制度,无论是运行机制还是财产权结构,信托都具有相当大的特殊性。由于其重要性以及制度的特殊性,很多民法典都通过不同模式、不同角度对信托制度进行相应的逻辑表达。出于民法典的体系化、系统化以及现代性和国际化的需要及考量,我国民法典也应将信托纳入其中。这种纳入既要在分则中体现也要在总则中体现,在民法典分则中,应采取特殊制度规范模式,将信托安排在物权和债法之间或者物权和债法之后并单独作为一编。在民法典总则中,信托应该在民事主体和民事权利部分予以体现,民事主体部分应对商业信托有所提及,民事权利部分应该涵盖信托财产权利。     

新破产法实施对商业信用发挥破产威胁效应影响的实证分析

本文以沪深两地A股上市公司2003～2013年的数据为研究样本,构建相关模型,采用分阶段回归、单差分和双差分方法,实证检验新破产法实施对商业信用发挥破产威胁效应的影响。研究发现：新破产法实施之前,商业信用难以发挥破产威胁效应,而新破产法实施以后,商业信用能够发挥破产威胁效应,即新破产法实施能够改善商业信用难以发挥破产威胁效应的局面。总之,新破产法的实施对商业信用发挥破产威胁效应起到了正向积极的影响。     

Redefining property rights over collective land in the urban redevelopment of Shenzhen,China

Urban development in China is based on two types of land ownership, namely, state land owned by states and collective land owned by village collectives. Legally speaking, urban development must be based on state land. In practice, informal development based on collective land has played important roles in the rapid urbanization process over the past decades. Nonetheless, the vague property rights over collective land have led to inferior and suboptimal development outcomes in expansive urban areas. The redevelopment of collective land has become an important means to sustain urban development in an ongoing urbanization process. By adopting theoretical perspectives from New Institutional Economics, this study presents an integrated conceptual framework on the institutional arrangements of land property rights and transaction costs to understand the changes in land policies and their institutional implications for the redevelopment of collective land in Shenzhen, China. The findings reveal that the new policies have redefined the relationship among the government, village collectives, and real estate developers as well as their property rights over collective land. The change of institutional arrangements in land property rights has significantly reduced the transaction costs in the redevelopment process and effectively promoted land redevelopment activities.     

(How) has the market become more efficient?

Using a portfolio of Dow Jones Industrial Average index constituents and the index ETF, we document significant intraday deviations from the law of one price. These are especially pronounced at very short time intervals. The extent of deviations is related to volatility, liquidity, and transaction costs of both the index constituents and the ETF. Further, the influence of news arrival, and liquidity (volatility) shocks on the deviations persists for several hours. Finally, we document significant decline (by at least 80%) in the deviations between 1998 and 2010. We find that this decline is largely due to decimalization, the repeal of the uptick rule, and the introduction of automated updating of the NYSE order book. Overall, our findings indicate an increase in operational market efficiency.