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51.
Tom Krebs 《Review of Economic Dynamics》2003,6(4):846-868
This paper uses a tractable macroeconomic model with idiosyncratic human capital risk and incomplete markets to analyze the growth and welfare effects of business cycles. The analysis is based on the assumption that the elimination of business cycles eliminates the variation in idiosyncratic risk. The paper shows that a reduction in the variation in idiosyncratic risk decreases the ratio of physical to human capital and increases the total investment return and welfare. If the degree of risk aversion is less than or equal to one, then economic growth is enhanced. This paper also provides a quantitative assessment of the macroeconomic effects of business cycles based on a calibrated version of the model. Even for relatively small degrees of risk aversion (around one) the model implies that the elimination of business cycles has substantial effects on investment in physical and human capital, economic growth, and welfare. 相似文献
52.
企业战略风险管理是企业管理的核心问题之一。战略风险的测度与评判是管理者跟踪经营过程,实施动态控制,进行科学管理的前提。建立关于战略风险测评的属性测度模型并将其应用于实际,可为风险管理的量化决策提供一种可供选择的易于操作的方法。 相似文献
53.
由于信托制度的独特设计,信托公司或直接或间接均要承担信托财产损失风险,从近期来看,信托公司应构建以资本金为核心的风险缓冲机制。从长期来看,引入业绩评价基准,进行相对业绩评价是信托公司风险缓冲的必然选择。信托公司在风险管理时应树立两个理念,一是要将风险管理列为企业管理活动的核心,二是要认识到风险管理是一项长期性的工作,不能寄希望“毕其功于一役”。 相似文献
54.
Scientists have argued that invasive species can be managed most cost effectively with greater investments in prevention. Further, under ideas like the precautionary principle it is reasonable to expect that a cautious manager would use more prevention relative to control because it keeps more invaders out. Yet, this is not typically done. In many cases, private and public resources are invested primarily to control existing invaders rather than to prevent new invasions. Managers frequently wait until after invaders have arrived and then scramble to limit the damages. We believe these paradoxical decisions can be understood by recognizing the link between typical human preferences for risk bearing and the technology of risk reduction. We demonstrate quantitatively how managers perceived to be cautious or averse to risk tend to shy away from prevention relative to control. This counterintuitive result arises because control is a safer choice than prevention because its productivity is relatively less risky: it works to remove existing invaders from the system. In contrast, the productivity of prevention is more uncertain because prevention only reduces the chance of invasion, it does not eliminate it, and invasion may not occur even in the absence of prevention. Managers' averse to risk will inherently avoid as much uncertainty as possible, whether the source of uncertainty regards ecological outcomes or economic productivity. Implications for environmental decision making are clear. In invasive species management, if managers act as though they are risk averse, their caution can backfire when it leads to more control rather than prevention. The social consequences of this choice are a greater probability of future invasions and lower social welfare. Our results suggest that social welfare is highest when managers were willing to “take a risk” with prevention. 相似文献
55.
56.
资产证券化存在着许多风险,尤其在我国,由于缺乏相关的法律法规、市场环境及中介机构,资产证券化的运行会蕴涵着更大的风险。必须充分认识这些风险并采取相应的措施,才能降低我国资产证券化的运行风险,促使我国资产证券化顺利进行。 相似文献
57.
David Schmidt Robert Shupp James M. Walker Elinor Ostrom 《Games and Economic Behavior》2003,42(2):281-299
This paper presents results from a series of experiments designed to test the impact on subject behavior of changes in the risk dominance and payoff dominance characteristics of two player coordination games. The main finding is that changes in risk dominance significantly affect play of the subjects, whereas changes in the level of payoff dominance do not. Observed history of play also has an important influence on subject behavior, both when subjects are randomly rematched after each game and when they remain matched with the same individual for a sequence of games. 相似文献
58.
随着我国人口老龄化的加剧,老年人特别是农村老年人的养老问题日益突出,本文主要通过对陕西农村养老现状和所存在问题的分析,提出了建立农村养老保险制度的建议,旨在于试图为我国农村养老保险制度的实施提供一些借鉴。 相似文献
59.
社会资本发展对企业财务的影响分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
社会资本理论于80年代晚期才引起理论界的广泛关注,此后又引入企业社会资本概念。社会资本的积累直接关系到企业的生存与发展,本文将社会资本理论应用于财务领域,从收益和风险两方面探讨了企业投资于社会资本应考虑的问题,为企业有目的地构建社会资本做初步分析。 相似文献
60.