Equilibrium unemployment and retirement

We first propose some new empirical evidence on the fact that the labor market conditions matter for the retirement decision at the individual level: we investigate whether unemployed workers retire before employed workers, other things being equal. Our main objective in this paper is then to propose an equilibrium unemployment approach to retirement decisions that allows us to derive the positive and normative features of retirement decisions when search and matching frictions are considered. Two main conclusions emerge: the retirement decision of unemployed workers depends on the labor-market frictions whereas that of employed workers does not; the existence of search externalities makes the retirement age of unemployed workers intrinsically suboptimal. Considering Social Security policy issues, we show that the complete elimination of the implicit tax on continued activity is not necessarily welfare-optimizing in a second best world where the labor market equilibrium suffers from distortions.     

Identifying new dimensions of business incubation: A multi-level analysis of Karolinska Institute's incubation system

Relying on an in-depth case study of the incubator related to the Swedish medical university Karolinska Institute's (KI), this paper identifies new analytical and strategic dimensions of incubation. Departing from the current literature's prevalent focus on incubators as organizations performing a predefined set of activities for incubatees (facility renting, coaching, training and connecting), we perform a multilevel analysis embracing, next to the organizational and the project-specific levels, also the broader institutional and inter-organizational level. Our analysis relies on seven key components of incubation, namely its time, place, sources, resources, control/governance, activities/services and outcomes. Further, we view incubators as strategic actors engaged in value creation on a broader arena than the strict incubation context, even an international arena, where incubators' choices and interactions can be analyzed with the help of concepts from various streams in the business strategy literature. The specific strategic drivers of business incubation that we identify in the KI incubator's case are six: positioning in the value chain, risk taking/time perspective, revenue model, governance/control, internationalization, and cooperation/competition. The paper concludes with managerial implications urging incubators to take more of a strategic perspective rather than focussing only on the established components of their operations.     

The effect of continuous improvement capacity on the relationship between of corporate social performance and business performance in maritime transport in Singapore

Drawing on organisational learning theory, this study argues that shipping firms with high continuous improvement capacities have better success in transforming corporate social performance (CSP) into business performance. Survey data were collected from 223 shipping firms in Singapore and analysed using multi-sampling analysis, hierarchical regression modelling, and simple slope analysis. The results support the study’s argument and show that business performance is maximised when continuous improvement programmes targeted at CSP are carried out at a gradual pace and at regular intervals. This implies that shipping firms should adopt a dynamic, value-driven approach to improving CSP.     

Measuring image: shopping centre case studies

The first goal of the paper is to define the concept of micro-marketing, overcoming the 'specialized' perspectives and definitions that have prevailed so far. Micro-marketing relates to ways of controlling environment complexity, facilitated by information technology and required by highly competitive markets. Such control has three forms: segmentation , which reduces complexity to a controllable number of variables; organization , which absorbs a certain amount of complexity by modelling the structure onto the environment; technology , which explores complexity and dominates it through simplification. The second goal is to demonstrate that micro-marketing can build a sustained competitive advantage. Finally, the theoretical implication of the diffusion of a micromarketing approach in the retailing industry is discussed. The areas of strategy, organization, channel relationships, and customer satisfaction are examined. Should micro-marketing become widespread in the retailing industry, we argue that its final result would be increased welfare for the consumer, as long as retailers capitalize on the power of information and stand as a 'countervailing power' to suppliers in the channel.     

我国进行国际税收竞争的最优战略与策略分析

本文依据国际税收竞争对我国的积极意义以及我国是发展中大国的战略定位,认为我国应该采取"积极、适度竞争,理性、必要协调"的战略;在竞争策略的选择上,通过对我国主要资本来源国对待本国资本海外投资的规定以及竞争对手国吸引外资相关做法的研究,提出我国应选择"低税率、宽税基、少优惠"的竞争方式和手段,并应注重形成有比较竞争力的税收制度,而不应进行频繁的政策调整.     

基于SWOT分析的商业银行金融科技发展战略研究

金融科技（Fintech）以新兴技术为核心,对金融产品进行改造及创新,拓宽金融可 获得性,提高金融效率,有力地促进传统金融业的转型升级,已成为商业银行的战略重点和发 展方向。同时,商业银行发展金融科技也面临一系列劣势和困境,如缺乏高效组织架构、信息 科技系统难兼容等。本文在对相关文献回顾和评述的基础上,首先分析了商业银行发展金融科 技的背景;其次,重点运用SWOT分析法剖析商业银行发展金融科技的优势、劣势、机会和威 胁;最后,提出商业银行发展金融科技的对策建议：由内部研发、成立子公司,逐步过渡到外 部战略合作。     

生育政策、子女数量与中国的性别教育平等

近年来,中国性别教育差距快速缩小并呈现出女性高等教育在校生比重超越男性的现象,文章从生育政策视角对这一现象进行了解释,认为计划生育政策通过改善女性教育获得显著促进了性别教育平等。队列分析显示,生育政策之后的出生队列中女性相对教育水平明显提高,性别教育差距明显缩小。基于生育政策地区差异和出生队列差异构建的双差分模型分析发现,以农村二孩政策地区为参照组,严格的独生子女政策在提高女性相对受教育机会方面更为明显。但相对于二孩政策,一孩半政策在促进性别教育平等方面不存在显著差异,这可能由于在一孩半政策下独女户和双女户数量较少,家庭受性别偏好影响会将资源向男性倾斜,导致政策没有通过控制家庭规模提高女性相对教育获得机会。研究认为,随着中国放松生育政策,农村地区由一孩半政策过渡到二孩政策并不会对女性教育获得产生明显影响,应该关注生育政策调整对严格独生子女政策地区女性教育获得的影响。同时,随着性别教育差距逐步缩小,可以利用劳动力市场政策降低市场性别歧视,进一步提高女性地位并促进性别平等。     

高科技企业跨国创新生态系统:结构、形成、特征

跨国创新生态系统以技术标准化战略为纽带,由高科技企业在全球范围内通过开展协作研发、知识产权许可、技术标准合作,形成基于构件/模块的知识异化、共存共生、共同进化的配套性技术创新体系.其内部的企业、创新种群、创新群落、创新网(键)、创新环境分别与一般自然生态系统中生物、种群、群落、食物网(链)、自然环境具有类似的生态特征及规律,而且,跨国创新生态系统与其它生态组织相比,还具有集群的高度虚拟性、创新的跨国性、合作共生的必然性等特征.     

股票市场驱动并购研究述评

并购动机理论是并购研究的中心问题之一.从行为金融的角度出发,学者们提出了股票市场驱动并购(SMDA)的并购动机理论模型,这个模型回答了诸如"谁收购谁"、"现金收购还是换股收购"、 "并购浪潮怎么产生"等等问题.本文比较全面地总结了SMDA的理论模型和实证研究两个方面的成果,并做了简要的评述.     

中国参与区域经济合作的历史进程及战略深化

20世纪90年代以来,与国内不断深入的改革开放历史进程相适应,面对席卷全球的世界经济一体化和新一轮区域经济一体化浪潮,中国开始了积极参与区域经济合作的艰辛探索,历经10多年的辛勤耕耘,取得了可喜成果,初步构建了多层次、多种机制的“米”字型区域经济合作基本框架。但中国的区域经济合作战略带有一定程度的“模糊性”和“软弱性”,总体上表现为一种务实的运动和一个具体的进程,没有清晰的议程和核心的目标。本文对中国参与区域经济合作的历史进程及当前的战略深化进行了初步探讨,并提出了自己的看法和见解。