Has Brexit affected employment in Japanese affiliates in the UK?

On 23 June 2016, a referendum was held in the United Kingdom (UK) to decide whether the country should leave or remain a member of the European Union (EU). The ‘Leave’ vote won by 52 per cent to 48 per cent of voters, leading to the EU–UK Withdrawal Agreement that came into force in 2020 and the Trade and Cooperation Agreement that came into force in 2021. Brexit is not exclusively a European matter; it affects third parties as well. In this article we examine the presence of Japanese affiliates in Europe during 2000–21 by analysing data obtained from the Toyo Keizai's Overseas Japanese Companies database. While the UK has been a major beneficiary of Japanese investments in Europe, its share of Japanese affiliates in Europe has decreased, especially during 2000–10. Brexit has had no negative impact on direct employment created by Japanese affiliates in the UK in the short term, but its impact in the long term could be exacerbated by any further policy divergence between the UK and the EU.     

Theoretical foundations of sustainable economic welfare indicators — ISEW and political economy of the disembedded system

The conceptual foundations of the Index of Sustainable Economic Welfare (ISEW) are surveyed and critiqued. It is argued that the three underlying theories of community, psychic income, and social welfare economics supply certain theoretical foundations for the ISEW. The focal point of the theories is to evaluate the positives and negatives of economic growth, with the hope of achieving a practical measure of sustainable economic welfare. However, they are not as well developed as they should be: the three theories have partial, underdeveloped explanations of the benefits (services) and costs (disservices) generated in the system. The theoretical particulars of ISEW abstract from the workings of the capitalist system, because the ISEW advocates have not specified a society in the socioeconomic system which we currently have. Specifically, there is no underlying linked systems view of the disembedded economy — where the exchange economy tends to dominate other aspects of culture. Without a systematic understanding of the political economy of capitalism, the ISEW is potentially flawed in design. Therefore, there is a need to search for a critical approach to sustainable economic welfare. As a point of departure, it is better to have a political economy theory. The political economy of the disembedded system provides an alternative theoretical approach to ISEW.     

Why the structure of capital and the useful lives of its components matter: A test based on a model of Austrian descent

This paper centers on the structure of capital and the useful lives of its components by considering an economy with two representative firms, one producing a necessity and another producing a luxury. This difference determines their reinvestment opportunities. Therefore, while the one applies replacement, the other adopts scrapping. However, as these capital policies lead to different service lives, the analysis confronts the issues raised by Miller (Review of Income and Wealth 29:284–296, 1982, Review of Income and Wealth 36:67–82, 1990) and deals with them by drawing on Haavelmo’s (A study in the theory of investment, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1960) suggestions regarding the aggregation of capital. Among other findings, it turns out that the simulation results are highly robust, thus demonstrating that real-world implications may be even stronger than strictly suggested by the model.

人力资源市场和谐发展的宏观视角研究——基于山东劳动力市场的实证分析

合理解决劳动力就业问题已成为经济能否持续有效发展、创建和谐社会的关键因素之一。文章以山东为例,利用协整检验对长期模型中可能影响劳动力就业的GDP增长、外商直接投资、三大产业结构特征以及教育和技术研发投入金额等因素进行实证分析;利用向量误差修正模型和广义脉冲响应函数研究各影响因素对人力资本市场需求的短期冲击;同时利用Granger因果检验对各主要影响因素和就业情况的内在因果关系进行检测;最后对我国劳动力就业形势进行预测并提出相关政策建议。     

人民币汇率影响就业传导机制的计量检验——基于改革开放以来时空及功能耦合演化的统计分析

文章在回顾我国改革开放30年来人民币汇率制度演进的基础上,利用我国最新的相关数据对人民币汇率与就业之间的关系进行了实证分析,指出人民币汇率变动可通过四种传导机制影响就业:在短期内主要是贸易传导机制发生作用;较长期内,资源分配传导机制起主要作用;在长期内,生产方式和效率传导机制起着重要作用。     

我国国企雇佣关系的合法性特征及其改革路径

企业在经营过程中面临技术环境和制度环境。技术环境要求企业提高生产效率,获取更多利润;制度环境要求组织采取社会认可的组织和制度,提高合法性。合法性是国有企业雇佣关系的基础。从合法性角度出发,我们不难理解国有企业雇佣目标多样化、封闭性、平均性等特征。合法性特征妨碍了国有企业雇佣关系市场化改革的进程。基于以上分析,本文提出了国有企业雇佣关系应该实现从封闭式向开放式,从合法性向效率化进行转变的建议。     

新型劳资关系对中小企业建立年金计划的影响分析

企业年金作为一项企业福利制度已经成为企业优化管理的重要手段,但我国中小企业年金计划却止步不前。本文在深入分析中小企业建立年金计划面临困难和问题的基础上,通过思考新型劳资关系对中小企业产生的影响,指出新型劳资关系可以解决中小企业建立年金面临的难题,并提出了具体的对策和建议,为进一步推动中小企业年金计划的发展提供借鉴。     

从生产函数看河北省经济增长与就业结构的变动

随着资本投入的增长和技术的进步,经济的增长将大量未充分就业的农业劳动力向高生产率部门转移而导致就业结构变化,就业结构的变动又进一步促进了经济的增长。用生产函数将就业结构变动从全要素生产率中分离出来,可以得出就业结构变动对经济增长的推动效应及第一产业就业人口向第二、三产业的流动对经济增长的贡献率。     

知识默会性对服务企业国际化进入模式及演化的影响

进入模式是一种组织和执行国际商务活动的制度安排.相对有形产品来说,服务更具有知识的特性,服务企业的国际化具有更明显的知识转移特征,知识的默会性对服务企业的进入模式选择产生了不可忽略的影响.从知识基础观出发,研究知识默会性对服务企业国际化进入模式的选择及其演化的影响,具有重要学术价值.     

基于劳动经济学的大学生就业问题调查分析

大学生就业难题显现出职业指导机制的不足。教育的信号作用失真、企业与大学生之间的寻找成本与交易成本过高、劳动力市场的失信现象与人才结构性困境,都使得学生的求职需求与社会产业需要不一致、人才的流动意向与社会人才结构布局相违背。在大学生、高校进行更加科学规划的同时,社会服务体系的介入也成为趋势。