全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3211篇 |
免费 | 132篇 |
国内免费 | 52篇 |
专业分类
财政金融 | 532篇 |
工业经济 | 181篇 |
计划管理 | 584篇 |
经济学 | 774篇 |
综合类 | 247篇 |
运输经济 | 36篇 |
旅游经济 | 38篇 |
贸易经济 | 411篇 |
农业经济 | 269篇 |
经济概况 | 323篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 9篇 |
2023年 | 59篇 |
2022年 | 36篇 |
2021年 | 52篇 |
2020年 | 108篇 |
2019年 | 101篇 |
2018年 | 110篇 |
2017年 | 115篇 |
2016年 | 114篇 |
2015年 | 115篇 |
2014年 | 222篇 |
2013年 | 386篇 |
2012年 | 183篇 |
2011年 | 272篇 |
2010年 | 197篇 |
2009年 | 193篇 |
2008年 | 224篇 |
2007年 | 187篇 |
2006年 | 141篇 |
2005年 | 112篇 |
2004年 | 90篇 |
2003年 | 61篇 |
2002年 | 44篇 |
2001年 | 49篇 |
2000年 | 41篇 |
1999年 | 31篇 |
1998年 | 24篇 |
1997年 | 18篇 |
1996年 | 22篇 |
1995年 | 16篇 |
1994年 | 12篇 |
1993年 | 13篇 |
1992年 | 7篇 |
1991年 | 5篇 |
1990年 | 7篇 |
1989年 | 4篇 |
1988年 | 3篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有3395条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
42.
We examine how the legal protection of outside shareholders and the appropriative costs that they induce influence the incentives for private firms to go public. A higher degree of protection of shareholders can increase the appropriative costs associated with the conflict between managers and shareholders. To counteract this effect the managers/owners increase the share of the firm they retain so that, overall, higher protection of outsiders increases the likelihood of going public. In addition, we examine how the share of funds raised used to finance the firm affects both appropriative costs and the decision to sell.For helpful comments we thank participants at the conference on Corporate Governance at UC Irvine (February 2002), seminar participants at the Athens University of Economics and Business, and worskshop participants on the New Organization of Labour at the 2002 CESifo summer Institute in Venice. Skaperdas gratefully acknowledges support from a grant for Research and Writing from the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation. 相似文献
43.
44.
河南省工业发展水平及竞争力分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
工业作为国民经济的主导,在区域经济发展中占有重要地位.纵观河南省工业发展历程,显示出自2002年来,河南省工业开始出现快速发展的趋势;同时,虽然河南省工业发展具有一定的基础,近年来装备制造业也开始出现上升态势,但与其他省市相比,整体竞争力还比较弱,主要以资源密集型和劳动密集型为主,高新技术产业发展缓慢,创新能力弱,亟需产业结构的升级换代. 相似文献
45.
This paper developes a bioeconomic model to analyse the economic losses from the reduced harvesting of prey species resulting from an increase in the stock of a natural predator. Examples of large mammals creating economic damage are whales and African elephants. The economic losses depend critically on the actual management of the prey stock, although the three measures we develop are equal when the stock is managed so as to maximize the sustained economic rent from the prey species. Predation losses are illustrated by the case of the Northeastern Atlantic Minke whale, where the estimate of the average predation cost per whale in 1991–1992 is between $US 1780 and $US 2370, using Norwegian cost and earnings data. A ten percent stock increase is estimated to cause a loss of almost $US 19 million to the fishers of the prey species. If half of this cost were assigned to Norway it would be equivalent to 2.8 and 6.7 percent of the gross profits of the Norwegian cod and herring fisheries, respectively. 相似文献
46.
S. J. Tol Richard 《Environmental and Resource Economics》1995,5(4):353-374
It is argued that estimating the damage costs of a certain benchmark climate change is not sufficient. What is needed are cost functions and confidence intervals. Although these are contained in the integrated models and their technical manuals, this paper brings them into the open in order to stimulate discussion. After briefly reviewing the benchmark climate change damage costs, region-specific cost functions are presented which distinguish tangible from intangible losses and the losses due to a changing climate from those due to a changed climate. Furthermore, cost functions are assumed to be quadratic, as an approximation of the unknown but presumably convex functions. Results from the damage module of the integrated climate economy modelFUND are presented. Next, uncertainties are incorporated and expected damages are calculated. It is shown that because of convex loss functions and right-skewed uncertainties, the risk premium is substantial, calling for more action than analysis based on best-guess estimates. The final section explores some needs for further scientific research. 相似文献
47.
Daniel Friedman Kai Pommerenke Rajan Lukose Garrett Milam Bernardo A. Huberman 《Experimental Economics》2007,10(1):79-104
We seek to isolate in the laboratory factors that encourage and discourage the sunk cost fallacy. Subjects play a computer
game in which they decide whether to keep digging for treasure on an island or to sink a cost (which will turn out to be either
high or low) to move to another island. The research hypothesis is that subjects will stay longer on islands that were more
costly to find. Eleven treatment variables are considered, e.g. alternative visual displays, whether the treasure value of
an island is shown on arrival or discovered by trial and error, and alternative parameters for sunk costs. The data reveal
a surprisingly small sunk cost effect that is generally insensitive to the proposed psychological drivers.
Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at .
Jel Classification C91, D11 相似文献
48.
Collaboration, peer review and open source software 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Open source software development may be superior to proprietary development because the open source organizational form naturally minimizes transactions costs associated with privately distributed information. This manifests itself in the ability of open source communities to encourage critical peer review and the sharing of ideas. When these activities are important, the open source organizational form may do better than a proprietary organizational form. My results suggest why open source is particularly powerful when maintainability of software is critical, and also suggest that the founder of a software project may be more likely to choose open source if there is an existing dominant proprietary software project. 相似文献
49.
The study analyses the determinants of international telephone, telex, telegram and leased lines communication between the United States and 46 countries. It focusses on the role of multinational firms, international trading firms and new information technologies within the framework of the theory of transaction costs.Results of the econometric estimates suggest that: (a) technological conditions of telecommunication infrastructure, i.e., international diffusion lags of new information technologies, play an important role in the explanation of international telephone and telex telecommunication flows but not in the demand for telegraph and leased lines, (b) multinational firms use international telecommunication to reduce the coordination costs and are strong customers of leased lines and telephones, but less so of telex and telegrams, (c) international trading firms exhibit less clear preferences in the use of the different media to reduce transaction costs. 相似文献
50.
In this paper, we aim to include rule making, implementation, monitoring and enforcement costs into the cost comparison of
policy instruments. We use a simple partial equilibrium model and apply it to the textile industry. The model includes discrete
abatement functions and costly monitoring and enforcement. The case study uses individual firm data to simulate the differences
in abatement costs and compliance decisions between firms. We compare combinations of regulatory instruments (emission taxes,
emission standards and technology standards) and enforcement instruments (criminal fines, civil fines and transaction offers).
We show that the inclusion of information, monitoring and enforcement costs indeed alters the relative cost efficiency of
the different instruments. 相似文献