组织模块化对研究型大学技术转移绩效的影响

技术转移是将社会科技资源转化为实体经济效益的重要途径。当前,我国研究型大学技术转移渠道不畅、技术转移绩效不高、大学科技成果成功产业化“最后一公里”问题凸显。基于现实需求和研究缺口,构建组织模块化对研究型大学技术转移绩效影响的理论模型。在此基础上,收集我国38所研究型大学样本数据,采用SPSS24.0和AMOS软件进行结构方程路径分析,论证和检验组织模块化对于研究型大学技术转移绩效的影响机制。结果表明：组织模块化对研究型大学技术转移绩效具有显著正向影响;技术创新能力在组织模块化与技术转移绩效之间起显著中介作用;知识共享的调节作用主要体现在组织模块化独立性、响应性与技术创新能力之间的关系上,其对组织模块分工性与技术创新能力关系的影响作用不显著。     

技术中介在技术交易服务中是否存在下沉倾向——基于买方选择视角的验证

技术要素转移与交易对技术中介有较强的依赖性,而技术中介的存在能够有效降低交易过程中的信息失衡,为买方交易提供必要支持,技术中介服务直接影响技术交易效率。当代技术中介服务已经形成较大规模,提供服务的种类也较为全面,整体上适应了技术市场发展需要。但是,由技术中介参与的大量交易都存在低端化倾向,据此提出中介服务下沉化假设,并构建选择影响因素模型。通过对买方企业数据的采集与回归,发现无论是全样本还是分类样本均有效验证了主要假设变量。因此,为保障技术中介合理发展,从政策层面应重点关注如何提升服务质量,使其服务于中高端技术交易需求。     

Effects of redistributing policy support on farmers’ technical efficiency

The objective of this article is twofold: first, investigating the relationship between technical efficiency and decoupled direct payments of a sample of Italian farms prior to the application of the 2014–2020 Common Agricultural Policy reform; second, evaluating possible implications of alternative scenarios about distribution of direct payments on technical efficiency. To these aims, a stochastic frontier analysis is adopted. Results indicate that direct payments produce significant effects on technical efficiency in specialized farms, which received higher levels of support. However, effects are contrasting. Moreover, results show that redistribution of policy subsidies may negatively impact on technical efficiency to an extent depending upon the criterion of redistribution applied. Finally, some policy suggestions are given.     

Re‐Examining the Role of Structural Change and Nonlinearities in a Phillips Curve Model for South Africa

Although studies generally find evidence of a Phillips curve‐type relationship in South Africa, uncertainty remains about the relevance of the model over a relatively long sample period, and whether conventional output gap measures are suitable proxies for demand pressure. This paper reviews research which shows that the Phillips curve model prevails over an extended sample, provided that the benchmark specifications include major structural changes in the balance‐of‐payments and labour market, and account for shifts in the root causes of inflation. When this is done, a linear specification with an output gap in levels correctly predicts the non‐trended inflation pattern over the period 1971(Q1)–1984(Q4), whereas a piecewise concave curve with an output gap in growth rates accurately forecasts the decelerating inflation pattern during 1986(Q1)–2001(Q2). A novel feature of the concave model is that it remains statistically robust and structurally stable when it is estimated until 2015(Q4). The concave model imparts a disinflationary bias, which suggests that monetary policy should be more expansionary during downswing phases of the business cycle and neutral during upswing phases. The analysis also considers how the shape of the Phillips curve might change if the balance‐of‐payments constraint on demand is relaxed in a significant way.     

Radicalness of blockchain: an assessment based on its impact on the payments industry

Blockchain is receiving considerable attention among practitioners and academics. However, a detailed analysis investigating how the impact of blockchain is going to unfold is still missing. Our article sets out to assess the radicalness of blockchain at an early stage of its development and substantiates the analysis with evidence from the payments industry. We start by distilling five key aspects of radical innovation from extant literature. Our analysis of blockchain then focuses on the payments industry, which represents a major business field of banking and the cradle of this technology. The results of a Delphi study provide 17 statements about the current development of blockchain. The statements deliver insights into the impact of blockchain on the payments industry and reveal the radicalness of the technology. Based on these insights, we investigate how blockchain affects the five key aspects of radical innovation and develop contributions from an innovation management’s perspective.     

多元知识探寻与后发企业技术创新

当后发企业由追随向引领转型时，将致力于对全球化技术、基础科学等多种知识来源的积极探寻，以推进自身技术创新。基于专利及引文数据，分析海外技术知识与科学知识对后发企业技术创新的影响效应。实证研究发现：海外技术知识转移水平与后发企业创新呈U型关系；知识来源的地理多样性则正向作用于后发企业创新。另外，企业科学关联度对后发企业技术创新未起到显著促进作用。在后发转型背景下，明晰企业对多元知识的技术学习机制和效果，对企业创新追赶及其国际化具有重要指导意义。     

闽台两岸产业对接研究

福建省是台商投资大陆的初始地,吸收台商投资具有区位优势、政策优势,台资已成为福建省利用境外资金的第二大来源,实际利用台资额占全国吸收台资总额的四分之一,位居全国各省区第3位。闽台两岸产业对接,关键在于把握国家支持海峡西岸经济区发展的机遇,发挥闽台合作优势,明确产业对接重点,加快先进制造业基地建设,全面提升产业整体素质和综合竞争力。     

带有两仓库需求时变的变质性物品的补货策略

在两仓库的情况下,讨论了需求率时变、变质率为常数的单一变质性物品在允许延期付款但不允许缺货且给予顾客一个信用期情况下的库存策略,证明了最优补货周期的存在性,并给出了求最优补货周期的算例。     

财政分权和西部地区的发展

西部地区明显落后于东部地区，形成了比较严重的区域发展不平衡，解决西部地区发展问题，不但需要国家在资金上给予扶持，更为重要的是国家政策的倾斜，其中一项政策就是财政税收政策。财税政策倾斜的重点不仅仅是转移支付，还应该包括给予西部地区以财税政策的制度权，使西部各省能够根据自身情况制定优惠政策，以达到吸收外部资金和民间资金的目的，只有增强西部地区自我发展能力，才能真正实现西部地区的发展。     

日本转让定价指南特点及最新变化

日本是世界上第一个实施预约定价安排(APA)的国家。随着2006年日本转让定价指南的发布和年度更新,日本转让定价体系展现出了新的特点,富有针对性的立法和严密的审计体系推动了预约定价进程,从而形成了一个确定性不断提升的良性循环,这为我国的转让定价立法与审计提供了借鉴。