新疆上市公司战略性业务转型的风险分析

上市公司实施战略性业务转型是提高企业经营业绩的重要手段,但是这种转型存在着巨大的风险。本文利用新疆上市公司战略性业务转型的典型案例,识别主要风险类型,提出为了降低风险需要进一步提高新疆上市公司的战略管理能力。具体而言,新疆上市公司需要准确把握产业竞争的特点,明确识别企业的核心能力,强化投资者关系管理,重视自然资本、人力资本和企业文化约束,以规避新疆上市公司战略性业务转型过程中的风险。     

Some Transaction Cost Effects of Authoritarian Management

This paper studies the transaction cost economizing effects of authoritarian management in organizations and systems subject to higher transaction costs originating from various sources. We analyze the nature, mechanisms, and transaction cost aspects of the authoritarian management style. We argue that the higher the transaction costs of internal organization, the more autocratic the manager is likely to be. We discuss the features of authoritarian managers, illustrating some of our key hypotheses with the example of Henry Ford and his running of the Ford Motor Company. In the context of non-market economies, we relate authoritarian leadership to economic centralism in high transaction cost systems such as East European societies with significant transactional or organizational opportunism, as well as other sources of market failure.     

The Effects of Direct Payments on Technical Efficiency of Irish Beef Farms: A Stochastic Frontier Analysis

The 2003 Mid‐Term Review of the CAP sought to refocus the EU's farm support policy to foster a more competitive and market‐orientated agricultural sector. The foundation of this reform comprised the introduction of decoupled payments to farmers, replacing the EU's previous system of supports that were directly linked to production of designated crops and livestock. This paper explores the effect of coupled payments and their subsequent replacement by decoupled support, on the technical efficiency of specialist beef farms in Ireland. Given the high reliance of beef farmers in Ireland on CAP payments, the decoupling of payments has been especially important for the sector. A stochastic production frontier is estimated using a panel dataset comprising detailed accountancy data for Irish beef farms between the years 2000 and 2013. Our results indicate that technical efficiency in the beef farming sector has been consistently poor, with an average efficiency score of only 0.53 during the period analysed. However, we found that direct income received in the form of coupled payments had a positive impact on farm efficiency, and that this positive effect was maintained after their replacement with decoupled income support.     

Threshold cointegration and spatial price transmission when expectations matter

We examine the performance of the threshold cointegration approach, specifically Band‐TVECM, to price transmission analysis in an explicit context where trade decisions are made based on expectation of final prices, because trade takes time. We find that, following a standard inference strategy, a large portion of three‐regime cases are not identified as such. Results show that transfer costs are systematically underestimated, particularly in three‐regime models. The speed of price transmission is also biased in three‐regime models. Furthermore, inferences about occurrence of trade are poor, with estimated models suggesting far lower market integration than is true in the data‐generating process.     

中小股东积极主义对债券持有人财富的溢出影响——基于网络投票数据的实证研究

互联网降低了中小股东获取和使用信息的成本,也方便其借助网络进行投票表决。本文借助2008—2018年深交所上市公司的股东大会网络投票数据,基于公司债券持有人视角,理论分析和实证检验了中小股东积极主义的溢出效应。实证结果表明:中小股东主观上基于自身利益的积极主义行为,客观上能够显著增加所在公司的债券持有人财富,即存在正向溢出效应,并且该正向效应在统计和经济意义上均具有高度显著性。在控制内生性影响后,该作用依然存在。进一步探究其内在机理发现,中小股东积极主义通过提升公司业绩和增强财务稳健性,进而增加其所在公司的债券持有人财富。该溢出效应在较差的内部治理环境、投资者学习效应和畅通的外部信息渠道下更为显著。     

我国县乡财政解困的制度构建:经验借鉴与现实选择

造成我国县乡财政困难的原因很多.就制度方面而言,主要表现在我国政府财政层次过多,地方政府间事权与财政支出责任划分不明确,税收体系不健全以及转移支付制度的不完善.因此,可借鉴美国经验做到:减少政府财政级次,规范各级政府财力分配;以法律的形式明确界定各级政府事权与财政支出范围;完善税权划分和协调机制,确保基层财政收入;完善以公共服务均等化为目的的转移支付制度.     

Payment Instruments as Perceived by Consumers – Results from a Household Survey

Summary Survey results show that Dutch consumers perceive paying in cash as an inexpensive way to pay, compared to paying with electronic payment cards. This finding partly explains the low usage of electronic payment cards in point-of-sale (POS) payments. The objective of the survey was to identify price and non-price features of payment instruments that can be used to stimulate the use of electronic payment cards. Their attractiveness can be increased, through technological modifications that enhance their convenience and by increasing the number of acceptance points. Making it less expensive for consumers to pay with payment cards could also increase the usage of payment cards. I would like to thank Rein Kieviet, Maarten van Rooij, Stijn Schmitz, Ariena van Wageningen and especially Corrie Vis of CentERdata for their help in collecting the data. Furthermore, I would like to thank two anonymous referees, Wilko Bolt, Hans Brits, Jeff Dominitz, Beth Kiser, Beth Klee, Jed Kolko, Philip Maier, Carlo Winder and participants of the DNB lunch seminar, the FRB research seminar and the Boston FED ‘Consumer behaviour and Payment Choice’ conference for their valuable comments on earlier versions of this paper. All remaining errors are my own. The views expressed in this paper are mine and do not necessarily reflect those of the Nederlandsche Bank.     

我国财政转移支付制度的现实考察与对策建议

财政转移支付是国家宏观调控的重要工具,也是推进基本公共服务均等化的关键手段。近十多年来,随着我国财政体制改革的深化,政府间转移支付的规模不断增长,它在推进改革和促进地区财力平衡方面的重要作用日益加强。但同时也存在一些问题。本文从目标效应、结构和规范性方面对我国现行财政转移支付制度进行了评析,并从财权事权划分、转移支付结构调整和法律制度建设等方面提出了改进和完善我国财政转移支付制度。     

世界发展中心转移与亚太发展中心的形成

世界发展中心具有生成、发展与衰落的生命周期,从而导致世界发展中心的转移。世界发展中心形成于古代亚洲,近代以来转移到欧洲和北美,目前出现向亚洲太平洋回归的新趋势,并形成其新特征。亚太发展中心能否形成将取决于亚太地区能否实现发展模式转型与发展机制的创新。     

长三角制造业转移与集聚效应探究——基于HC指数实证分析

长三角地区是我国制造业发展的主要基地,本文以长三角制造业发展的特征性事实为基础,从动态视角分析研究2002、2006、2010年上海、浙江等地27个细分产业转移变化,建立空间计量模型,研究该区域集聚效应。结果表明:长三角地区部分省市集聚水平正在降低,上海制造业向高技术含量、高创新效率方向发展,在其产业转移中,高消耗及劳动密集型的产业,为浙江主要承接对象,长三角存在集聚特点。最后笔者从资源配置、环境改善及产业发展调整,交通基础设施完善,教育体制改革与人才流动等方面提出促进长三角地区制造业发展的对策。