FARMERS’ WILLINGNESS TO COOPERATE IN ECOSYSTEM SERVICE PROVISION: DOES TRUST MATTER?

Ecosystem service provision in agriculture may require cooperation between farmers. Trust fosters cooperation in many economic and social interactions and is important to the success of traditional agricultural cooperatives. Little is known about how trust affects farmers’ willingness to cooperate to provide an ecosystem service, what types of trust are most important, and under what conditions trust may matter. In this study, we present results of a survey of Missouri crop farmers exploring the role trust plays in farmers’ stated willingness to cooperate to control pests. We find that most farmers say they are willing to cooperate, and most farmers are willing to trust others. However, we find little evidence that trust positively influences farmers’ willingness to cooperate to control pests. Instead, we find that trust may only matter under certain conditions, such as when participants’ farms are dissimilar, and that other determinants, such as the perceived benefit of cooperation and environmental concern, are more important than trust to farmers who are contemplating cooperation to control pests.     

技术权力、组织间信任影响领导行为的跨案例研究

在技术创新网络中,非对称的技术权力和不同程度的组织间信任引致了核心企业对合作企业采取不同领导行为。从心理定位视角出发,基于技术权力和组织间信任两个变量提出核心企业的4种领导行为——技术锁定、技术防御、技术扶持与技术标准,通过跨案例研究,分析论证了这4种领导行为,并对合作过程中核心企业的领导行为进行了科学解释,以帮助合作企业科学预测领导行为,进而提高运行绩效和网络地位。     

Avatars as salespeople: Communication style, trust, and intentions

Interactions with retail salespersons in stores contribute to building trust and profits. Within the largely impersonal Internet, an interactive animated character or avatar, playing the social role of an online sales assistant, should provide a potent source of social presence and so have the potential to replace some of these interactions. This investigation tests whether avatars with social- or task-oriented communication styles contribute to user trust and patronage intentions. Further tests explore the moderating effects of product/service type. The study includes an online experiment and survey, involving 636 participants, mainly from North America, Oceania and Europe, allocated randomly to different treatments.Task-oriented communications contribute to trust, which in turn contributes to patronage intentions, especially for search goods/services. Social-oriented communications also contribute directly to trust and to patronage intentions, most strongly for credence goods/services. The authors recommend a three-fold approach to avatar implementation, involving requirements captured to define appropriate appearance, role, interaction style and content for the task. Conclusions include further suggestions for development and research.     

The moderating impact of internal social exchange processes on the entrepreneurial orientation–performance relationship

This paper applies a social exchange perspective to understand the internal contingencies of the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and performance. It focuses on two aspects of social interactions among functional managers (procedural justice and trust), as well as on their organizational commitment, as potential enhancements to the firm's successful exploitation of entrepreneurial opportunities. A study of 232 Canadian-based firms finds several positive moderating effects: The EO–performance link is stronger for higher levels of procedural justice, trust, and organizational commitment. In addition, consistent with a systems approach to organizational contingencies, the EO–performance relationship is stronger when the organization's social context comes closer to an “ideal” configuration of procedural justice, trust, and organizational commitment that is most conducive to knowledge exchange within the organization. The study's implications and future research directions are discussed.     

竞争性战略联盟中合作绩效的影响因素分析

提出了风险、信任、合作模式和联盟绩效之间的概念模型,采用方差分析的方法,对概念模型包含的各种假设做实证分析。研究结果表明:我国的竞争对手之间的合作是非理性的,信任不是建立在合作绩效的基础上,合作中往往不考虑风险对绩效的影响,只重视股权合作的方式。     

粮食信托合作社对农村经济发展的作用分析与思考

2010年末,吉林省梨树县泉眼岭乡农民成立全国首家粮食信托合作社,开办粮食信托业务,实现粮食集中存储,以农户粮食所有权转移为依据,开展信用合作。两年来,这一模式成功地破解了困扰农民的增收难、粮食卖不上好价钱的难题,开启了农村合作互助金融和农民粮食收储相结合的全新模式,其经验已在东北及周边地区推广。本文分析了粮食信托合作社在创新农村新型生产关系以及促进农民增收中的作用,并对其未来发展方向进行了思考。     

Trust in a High‐concern Risk Controversy: A Comparison of Three Concepts

A community survey examined factors affecting the trust of four groups involved in a high concern controversy over the risks posed by motor boats to the quality of a municipal water supply. In an effort at conceptual integration the survey results were used to examine the relationships between three concepts of trust. Perceived agreement in values between self and four controversy‐involved groups was found to be the most powerful predictor of trust of all four groups, as expected by the salient value similarity perspective. “Fairness” and “competency,” as expected by the “dimensions” of trust perspective were also found to be significant predictors of trust. However, judgments of “fairness” and “competency” were context specific as indicated by significant correlations with judgments of salient value similarity and self interests. This violates the assumption of universality of the “dimensions” of trust perspective. Judgments of similarity of values between self and the controversy‐involved groups were significantly correlated to self interests. This indicates a conceptual overlap between the salient values similarities perspective and the encapsulated trust perspective.     

商业银行对集合资金信托计划的保管业务综述

按照现行规定,具有托管资质的商业银行可与信托公司签订协议,按照约定对集合信托资金进行保管并收取保管费用,此类新型业务存在一定风险.本文通过揭示集合资金信托计划保管业务的三类重点风险,站在商业银行角度,从运营管理、操作流程、日常管理三方面提出规范化管理相关措施,以有效防范风险.     

什么影响了居民的社会信任水平?——来自广东省的经验证据

采用2004年广东省城市居民调查数据,本文发现,个人因素、社区因素、社会因素都显著影响了居民自身的社会信任水平。年龄越大、单身、有除工作外的其它收入来源、有宗教信仰、担任管理人员、职业变动越少、越乐观、对生活或工作的满意度越高的居民的社会信任水平越高。其次,日常所讲语言不是其所在城市最通行语言、在出现经济困难时得到过街坊邻居、居委会或街道办的帮助、在本市居住的时间越长、在18岁之前就居住在本市、出生地在本省的居民的社会信任水平越高。第三,对政府、媒体、消费者协会的评价越高以及对工会组织评价越低的居民的社会信任水平越高。此外,居民的各种信任分布呈现出"差序格局"的特征。我们的研究为建设诚信社会提供了一个系统的信任发展视角:社会信任水平的提高,不仅需要个体自身的努力,更需要稳定和谐的社区建设、政府治理的改善、媒体作用的发挥以及消费者协会等中介组织的成长。     

创业团队成员信任对社会网络与企业创新能力关系的影响

本文通过对吉林省112家有效样本企业进行调查,将社会网络细分为内部社会网络和外部社会网络,在创业团队的定义下检验了社会网络与信任对新创企业创新能力的影响。研究结果表明,内外部社会网络都会对企业创新能力产生积极影响,而团队成员之间的信任则作为调节变量影响两者之间的关系。创业团队成员之间的信任越高,越有利于知识、信息的传播与交流,内部社会网络对企业创新能力的积极影响越大;但却易产生"非我发明症"现象,导致外部社会网络对企业创新能力的积极影响越小。