红军长征沿线城市旅游竞争力及提升策略研究

依据红军长征沿线经过地区32个主要城市的实际发展状况,从城市旅游基础设施、城市旅游发展现状和城市旅游生态环境三个方面选取26个评价指标,运用SPSS19.0主成分分析和系统聚类分析方法测算各城市的旅游竞争力得分、排名和系统聚类分析树状图,对城市间旅游竞争力进行比较分析、分层分析。结果表明:长征沿线城市旅游竞争力整体呈现出东部优于西部,沿海优于内陆,地区中心城市优于边缘城市的特点;长征沿线主要城市旅游综合竞争力存在明显的区域增长极结构,重庆为一级增长极,杭州为二级增长极,昆明为三级增长极,表明沿线城市旅游发展差异明显;城市旅游竞争力中间水平及以上共有12个城市,其余20个城市旅游竞争力较弱。结合城市旅游发展不足,提出旅游竞争力提升策略。     

业绩预悲披露“群聚”现象——基于管理者羊群行为的研究

首先以我国A股上市公司2003—2008年的各季度业绩预警中的业绩预悲公告为研究对象,发现其存在一种特有的现象——群聚。然后选取综合业、房地产业、批发零售业和交运仓储业中的391个跟随者的业绩预悲披露为样本,运用威布尔比例风险模型从管理者羊群行为视角对群聚现象作出解释。实证结果发现：公司在特定的某天进行业绩预悲披露的概率与在其之前发布业绩预悲信息的同类公司数量正相关。也即观察到的发布业绩预悲信息的同类公司数量越多,管理者越会作出更快的披露公司业绩预悲信息的决策,从而造成了披露时机的群聚。     

数据挖掘中聚类算法研究综述

本文阐述了聚类算法基本原理,介绍了各种聚类算法,并比较分析了几种典型聚类算法的优点与不足,以便于对聚类算法作进一步的研究。     

房地产价格对城镇居民收入差距的影响研究——基于区际差异化市场比较

运用聚类分析方法和五等法计算六大类别不同代表省市的基尼系数,依据2002~2011年省市面板数据考量6个不同类别省市房地产价格对收入差距的影响。结果表明:我国不同类别省市的房价波动对基尼系数的变动呈现出一定的差异性与区域性;第一、三类地区房价波动对城镇居民收入差距产生显著影响;第二类地区房地产市场投资投机活动不如第一、三类城市活跃,房价波动幅度比较稳定;第四、五类地区房价波动对收入差距的影响程度次于第二类地区;第六类地区房价波动幅度小,对收入差距不足以产生显著影响。     

A comparative study to classify ICT developments by economies

Information and communication technology (ICT) attracts more and more attention as the diffusion of Internet grows rapidly. This study intends to classify ICT developments by using a different approach: a clustering technique to classify the economies with only two essential variables, namely the number of Internet subscribers and gross domestic product. This study performs a comparative analysis for 121 economies covering the period from 1999 to 2007. Then, this study validates classification results against the research results in previous studies and finds the proposed approach more effective. The classification results help to explain the global ICT developments.     

Rational drug design, the knowledge value chain and bioscience megacentres

This paper seeks to trace important shifts and cluster evolutionin the healthcare industry. Its key aim is to examine the implicationsof the rise of science-based clusters for economic geographyand related policies. A special focus is biosciences and therise of ‘biologics’ more generally at the expenseof fine chemistry in drug development. The old agglomerationsof pharmacy are no longer leaders in knowledge exploration,as universities, research laboratories and medical schools takeover research, they are beginning to lose prominence to dedicatedbiotechnology firms (DBFs) in knowledge examination, and retaintheir most important involvement as financiers and marketersof DBF exploitation knowledge. This has profound geographicalas well as industry organisation equilibrium effects. Over-concentrationof the bioscientific knowledge value chain has given rise tothe new spatial policy practice of developing regional sciencestrategies. Aspects of these are commented upon.     

An exploratory look at supermarket shopping paths

We present analyses of an extraordinary new dataset that reveals the path taken by individual shoppers in an actual grocery store, as provided by RFID (radio frequency identification) tags located on their shopping carts. The analysis is performed using a multivariate clustering algorithm not yet seen in the marketing literature that is able to handle data sets with unique (and numerous) spatial constraints. This allows us to take into account physical impediments (such as the location of aisles and other inaccessible areas of the store) to ensure that we only report feasible centroid paths. We also recognize that time spent in the store plays an important role, leading to different cluster configurations for short, medium, and long trips. The resulting three sets of clusters identify a total of 14 “canonical path types” that are typical of grocery store travel, and we carefully describe (and cross-validate) each set of clusters. These results dispel certain myths about shopper travel behavior that common intuition perpetuates, including behavior related to aisles, end-cap displays, and the “racetrack.” We briefly relate these results to previous research (using much more limited datasets) covering travel behavior in retail stores and other related settings.     

Measurement of development and regional disparities in Greek periphery: A multivariate approach

The identification of regional disparities and regional growth patterns is an important factor affecting policy formulation. Single indicator, usually GDP-based, approaches have revealed significant shortcomings. In this work we provide a methodology and the respective tools to analyse regional disparities and development patterns. Aiming at capturing the different aspects of development and quality of life our approach is multi-dimensional: we, first, develop a composite index; we, then, apply multivariate clustering for identifying regions with similar socio-economic profiles. The methodology is applied to examine Greek regions. The results do not provide strong evidence for convergence of Greek regions during the period 1995–2007.     

财政分权与经济增长可持续性——基于情势转换与聚类视角的分析

经济增长可持续性不仅取决于增长速度还取决于增长稳定性。本文利用我国245个地级市1978—2014年间面板数据和马尔科夫情势转换聚类面板模型,从情势转换与聚类视角考察了地级市经济增长动态特征,识别出不同的动态增长模式及其可持续性,进而剖析了财政分权的影响。研究表明,地级市经济增长呈现出三种动态增长模式,这三种模式在平均增速、增长状态及其持续期、增长波动性进而在增长可持续性方面存在明显差异。支出分权显著增加了地级市归属为低增长、高波动模式的概率,不利于经济可持续增长,而在1994年分税制改革后则产生了较积极的作用。收入分权总体有利于增强经济增长可持续性,1994年分税制改革后,受地方纵向财政失衡加剧的不利影响,这一积极作用有所减弱。增加地方财政自给度(即增加地方收支分权匹配度、减小地方纵向财政失衡)有利于增强经济增长可持续性,这一作用在1994年分税制改革后表现得更为突出。本文研究结论对优化完善财税体制以有效促进经济可持续增长具有良好启示。     

带有能力约束的大规模联合补货问题研究

文中研究求解带有能力约束限制的大规模联合补货问题。在订货网络中,通过聚类算法将问题规模缩小至一定范围内,使算法在该范围内具有良好的表现;其次,在问题的模型中,考虑转运中心的能力限制,保证在任何订货周期内不出现超出转运中心能力负荷的情况;第三,通过改进经典RAND算法,引入拉格朗日乘子,求解模型,所优化的目标为总费用最小化和求解速度质量的平衡。最后根据数值算例验证策略有效性。