创新开放度对企业创新绩效的影响:一项Meta分析

创新开放度与企业创新绩效间关系是开放式创新领域关注的热点。通过对相关领域文献进行梳理，提出创新开放度与企业创新绩效关系理论模型。运用Meta分析方法探讨“创新开放度—企业创新绩效”关系影响因素，指出二者之间关系强弱受文化维度、行业类型、企业规模及测量方法的影响，并得出以下结论：创新开放度对企业创新绩效具有显著正向影响；相比于西方文化背景下的企业，中国文化背景下企业创新开放度对创新绩效的影响更强；二者间关〖JP〗系对高新技术产业比非高新技术产业更强；相比于中小型企业，大型企业创新开放度与企业创新绩效的相关性更明显；同时，创新开放度和企业创新绩效测量方法不同，二者之间的相关性也有差异。上述结论对企业在特定条件下实施创新开放战略具有一定指导意义。     

生产效率的区域特征与生产率增长的分解——基于主成分分析与随机前沿超越对数生产函数的方法

运用随机前沿超越对数生产函数和2001～2006年省际面板数据,本文研究了我国各地区的全要素生产率以及生产效率的区域特征,利用提取主成分法得到的变量,对生产效率进行影响因素分析。实证结果表明,外商投资和基础设施的实际有效利用对各地区生产效率有重要的影响;前沿技术进步是全要素生产率的主导因素;东部地区前沿技术进步率与生产效率都高于中西部;西部前沿技术进步表现为分化的特征,而中部则有趋同的趋势。     

'One brand,three ways to shop': situational variables and multichannel consumer behaviour

To counter the growth in online retailing, high street retailers are increasingly adopting multichannel distribution strategies, seeking to target individual consumers via both physical and electronic channels as multiple routes to purchase. In order to develop successful marketing strategies within this environment, however, an understanding of consumer selection between available purchase channels is clearly needed. This paper explores the issue of shopping mode selection from an environmental psychology perspective, applying a traditional Belkian analysis of situational variables in a longitudinal study of consumer channel selection decisions. Preliminary findings from an empirical study of consumers of a leading UK fashion retailer are reported which reveal significant differences in the prevalence of different Belkian variables between shopping modes, suggesting a major role for situational influence during the channel selection process.     

Category-specific coupon proneness: The impact of individual characteristics and category-specific variables

In seeking to enhance the effectiveness of coupon promotions, researchers have long sought to identify “coupon prone” consumers. Previous measures of coupon proneness have not examined differences in coupon usage across product categories and have ignored the confounding effect of coupon attractiveness. An Item Response Theory (IRT)-based framework overcomes these limitations and yields category-specific estimates of propensity to redeem coupons that are independent of coupon attractiveness. The authors utilize an IRT-based model to estimate consumers’ category-specific propensities to redeem coupons for two product and two service categories, and investigate how coupon proneness varies across consumers and across categories as a function of individual characteristics and category-specific variables.The authors find that category-specific measures of propensity to redeem coupons achieve an average accuracy of 89 percent in predicting redemption intentions. Propensity to redeem coupons is also found to be related to category-specific brand loyalty and perceived coupon availability, as well as to individual characteristics such as general coupon proneness, value consciousness and price consciousness. These findings highlight the importance of studying coupon proneness at the category level and suggest that the IRT-based approach has considerable promise as a methodology for studying coupon usage. Using the approach proposed in this study, marketers can forecast the impact coupons are likely to have in their particular category, rather than relying on general coupon proneness measures to predict coupon redemption rates at the category level. The study's findings can also be used to identify categories and consumer segments where coupon promotions are likely to have a larger impact, and have important implications for managers planning joint couponing strategies.     

A comparison of proxy variable and stochastic latent variable approaches to the measurement of bias in technological change in south african agriculture*

Technical change is inherently unobservable and has conventionally been represented by proxy variables, from simple time trends to more sophisticated knowledge stock variables. This paper follows Lambert and Shonkwiler (1995) in modelling technical change as a stochastic unobservable variable and tests this formulation against the alternative of using R&D and patent indices. This is done by fitting a system of share equations, derived from the dual profit function, to production data for South African agriculture. Each equation includes both unobserved technical change components and technical proxy variables. Variable deletion tests show that conventional proxy variables fail to explain the biases of technological change, while cointegration tests show that technical change is both stochastic and biased. The latent variables provide estimates of biases that are consistent with past studies and the historical record and can be explained by policy change in South Africa following WWII. The demonstration of high rates of return to R&D is not sufficient to justify R&D activity when biased technological change exacerbates input use and welfare distortions within and without the sector. * We thank the University of Pretoria for funding the study and the referees and delegates for many useful comments.     

二维连续型随机变量卷积公式探讨

本文主要讨论二维独立连续型随机变量,多数教材在求解卷积公式时采用积分变量代换,在教学中大多数学生难以明白,本文将利用微积分学基本定理对卷积公式证明,帮助学生更好的理解和掌握卷积公式,并进行实例分析。     

调控政策、住宅价格与居民住房支付能力——基于PanelData模型的区域差异分析

高房价是近年来我国政府关注的焦点,而与之相关的居民住房支付能力强弱则成为关键问题之一。本文以区域差异为视角,加入政策调控因素,引入虚拟变量,构建Panel Data模型以定量考察各因素对居民住房支付能力的影响程度。结果表明,住宅价格对西部地区的影响低于东、中部,而居民收入和消费支出水平对东部地区的影响高于中、西部;数量型货币政策工具对西部地区居民住房支付能力的影响最为显著,价格型货币政策工具对东部地区的影响最大。据此政府应该根据各地区居民住房支付能力的差异、影响因素的不同而制定相应的有效政策,提高居民住房支付能力。     

基于股票期权的核心知识员工多重激励组合模型

核心知识型员工与一般知识员工相比,其鲜明的个性和工作特征决定了他们的需求为混合交替式需求模式.通过引入股票期权变量构建核心知识员工的多重激励组合模型,旨在将给予核心知识员工的货币性薪酬和股票期权联系起来,以探讨基于股票期权的多重激励组合所诱发的公司委托人与核心知识员工的行为选择特征.     

对中国信用卡消费群体特征的多元统计分析

本文在北京地区调查问卷的基础上设计了一套信用卡评价量表，通过多元统计中的因子分析、方差分析、卡方检验等手段分析信用卡评价变量与人口统计变量的相互关系，从量化的角度得出中国信用卡市场的基本现状和特点：信用卡各项服务的水平有很大的提升空间，开发潜力很大；信用卡的年费普遍过高；年轻群体相比于其他年龄群体对于信用卡的接受度、认同度、透支程度、及时还款程度都是最高的；信用卡的功能有待进一步开发；新功能的宣传所达到的效果较小；营销的细分市场应该主要通过透支额度和服务程度等来划分。最后文章还提出了相应的政策建议。