The EU ETS and corporate environmental abatement

This article studies the relationship between firm-level emissions-to-cap ratio (ETC) and environmental abatement, by using a unique and extensive data set of 10 762 installations covered by the European Union Emission Trading Scheme (EU ETS) matched to 5931 firms. We find that a shortage of emissions allowances is related to more abatement in later years while a surplus of emissions allowances results in worse subsequent environmental performance. This finding underscores the importance of reducing the global amount of allowances in the ETS system. Our results also suggest that stakeholder pressure and the creation of transparency concerning corporate environmental performance are likely to support the effectiveness of the system.     

中国CO_2排放与经济增长联动性实证分析

笔者在测算我国1953年～2007年间CO2排放量的基础上,通过对数据的经济计量检验,建立联立方程组模型,研究CO2排放量与人均GDP间双向因果关系,并分析各种因素对CO2排放量的影响。实证结果显示,我国CO2排放量与人均GDP间变动关系并不是简单EKC模型中的倒U型,有着更为复杂的相互作用关联。人均GDP提高导致CO2排放量上升的同时,能源利用效率的提高、能源消费结构的改善,以及资本设备更新速度的加快,都将减少CO2排放。     

基于数据包络分析法的区域生态效率评价研究——以内蒙古为例

生态效率是衡量生态发展水平的重要指标,反映了经济发展中利用自然资源减轻环境压力的效率。将数据包络分析(DEA)方法运用到生态效率的实证研究当中,对内蒙古地区2001～2009年的生态效率进行测度和评价。结果表明CO2、工业固体废物、工业废气、工业废水等污染物的排放及能源的消耗成为影响内蒙古地区生态效率的主要因素。总之粗放型经济增长方式制约区域生态效率的改善,技术水平的提高和规模效益的达成是提高生态效率、实现节能减排的根本途径。     

基于Asp.net/.Net Web Service的高职院校毕业生就业上报信息管理系统的设计与实现

信息化建设是提高工作效率的有效途径,文章针对当前高职院校的毕业生就业上报信息管理、统计等工作存在效率低、工作量大、录入人员对毕业生不熟悉,以及院校的就业部门不能很好地与各个系部进行信息实时沟通、共享等问题,介绍了一种基于Asp.net/.Net Web Service技术开发的高职院校毕业生就业上报信息管理系统,该系统能较好地解决上述问题。     

能源错配对制造业碳排放效率的影响研究

能源要素作为考察资源配置效率不可或缺的因素,其配置是否有效与经济和环境的发展息息相关。为了判断我国制造业是否存在能源错配现象,厘清行业异质背景下能源错配影响碳排放效率的理论机制,基于2012—2017年制造业细分行业的面板数据,在测度行业能源错配指数基础上,构建计量模型实证检验能源错配对碳排放效率的影响。研究结果表明:(1)制造业各行业间存在不同程度的能源配置扭曲。(2)改善能源错配显著影响行业碳排放效率,但行业异质性使得影响的程度和方向有所不同。研究结论对宏观角度及时调整行业能源配置、加强环境保护约束,完善环境补偿机制、引导低碳创新技术研发具有重要政策启示。     

江西能源消费结构与经济发展的灰色关联分析——基于低碳经济的视角

能源是人类赖以生存和发展的重要物质基础,能源消费与经济发展有着十分密切的关系。江西作为能源资源匮乏的省份,发展低碳经济是弥补劣势的重要手段。利用灰色关联分析方法具体分析了江西省能源消费结构与经济发展的关系。结果表明,江西省应改善以煤炭为主的能源消费结构,大力发展低碳经济,逐步优化产业结构和能源消费结构。     

我国海洋产业碳排放核算研究

立足于海洋经济可持续发展的基本目标,探讨发展海洋产业低碳化核算问题。尝试运用改进的Kaya等式和LMDI分解法,对海洋产业CO2排放量变动的影响因素进行了测算与贡献率分析,运用碳排放系数核算了海洋产业碳排放值及碳排放强度,并根据核算结果提出海洋产业低碳化的实现思路。     

低碳物流探析

低碳物流是物流产业在低碳经济背景下发展的新阶段,其与低碳经济的发展理念保持一致。中国物流产业存在低碳意识薄弱、装备和技术水平落后、信息化水平低、粗放经营等问题。建立低碳物流,应积极引进或开发低碳物流技术,建立低碳物流信息系统,推行共同配送、第三方物流和逆向物流的运作体系,同时还应有政府在金融、税收政策和法律法规方面的支持。     

THE ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF VOLUNTARY ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE OF FIRMS: A CRITICAL REVIEW

Abstract.  New trends in studies on the governance of natural assets include substantial consideration of the role of voluntary initiatives. A traditional economic view states that there is a trade-off between being green and being competitive. According to that view, no voluntary environmental action is expected to occur. To undertake an in-depth analysis of the scope for voluntary action, this paper reviews empirical literature that analyzes the relationship between manufacturing firms' environmental initiatives or performance and economic results. This review moves beyond the general test of the 'pay to be green' hypothesis, preferring instead to systematize empirical results in more specific research questions. Empirical findings of the reviewed literature generally support that there is no penalty for being green. In addition, the typology of firms, the methods utilized for implementing environmental initiatives, the intensity of abatement efforts and stockholders' valuation of green firms have all been shown to have a sizeable influence on the actual economic results of environmental action or management. Consequently, the findings of this paper challenge the traditional strategic theory that predicts widespread free-riding; it holds major implications for environmental policy-making and environmental business decisions.     

Web content mining for comparing corporate and third‐party online reporting: a case study on solid waste management

This study investigates the coverage of solid waste management on 1142 websites maintained by companies, news media and non‐governmental organizations to validate an automated approach to content and language analysis. First, a frequency analysis of waste management terms sheds light on the breadth and depth of their environmental discourses, revealing that corporate and media attention to waste management is small compared with that of non‐governmental organizations. Second, an investigation of their attitudes toward waste management suggests that companies avoid negative information in environmental communication, unlike news media or non‐governmental organizations. Ultimately, an automated tool for ontology building is employed to gain insights into companies' shared understanding of waste management. The ontology obtained indicates that companies conceptualize waste management as a business process rather than framing it from an ecological perspective, which is in line with findings from previous research. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.