扩建电厂厂区总平面布置需要注意的问题

本文结合近期扩建工程实例进行分析,对扩建工程厂区总平面布置应考虑的问题进行了总结,针对这些问题,同时提出了一些建议,为类似扩建工程提供参考。     

贵州省发展低碳经济实现生态文明的有效途径探析

贵州省作为欠发达省份,发展低碳经济,实现生态文明,完成跨越式发展,响应党中央建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会的要求,实现"弯道超越",成为迫切的工作任务。贵州省应大力发展低碳经济,通过促进产业结构调整、开发低碳新技术和新产品、开发清洁能源和消费结构的调整,参与碳交易,通过减少碳排量,实现经济与环境的双赢。     

工商管理情境教育体系的内涵、架构与协同效应

针对情境教学模式在工商管理教育体系中的优势逐渐显现但相关理论基础有待于进一步探索的现状,本文首先探讨了工商管理情境教育体系的内涵和架构;在此基础上分析了各种情境教学模式的教学主体、知识学习过程和对知识认知的特征,剖析了每种模式下知识学习的内在机理;最后通过对不同模式情境构建主体、情境强度、协作交流对象以及团队合作和交流强度特征的分析,提出各模式之间具有协同性,并据此构建了工商管理情境教育协同体系,提出综合使用不同的情境教学模式有助于促进学生的知识学习、强化对知识的理解。     

Are there any cost and profit efficiency gains in financial conglomeration? Evidence from the accession countries

Diversified banks should benefit from an efficient allocation of resources, debt coinsurance and scope economies. At the same time, critics of diversification question these advantages pointing to agency problems such as managerial entrenchment and empire building that could also lead to diversification but for the ‘wrong’ reasons. This paper sheds further light on the issue of bank diversification by taking a direct look into how efficiently financial conglomerates operate and by measuring to what extent size and other bank- and market-specific factors matter in evaluating the relationship between diversification and efficiency. We focus on banks operating in the accession countries over the period 2001–2007 and estimate their cost and alternative profit efficiencies using a data envelopment analysis estimator. The results indicate that banks suffer from relatively high cost and profit inefficiencies and that there are noticeable differences in the efficiency levels across countries. Concerning banks’ degree of diversification, we find strong evidence to suggest that more diversified institutions are more likely to be cost- and profit-efficient and that size is a key factor in explaining best practice, particularly on the profit side.     

The nature of risk

A new paradigm for risk analysis is proposed. It is a holistic conceptualization which recognizes an intrinsic duality between scientific and social risk perspectives. It defines risk states in terms of a minimal but necessary set of properties and qualities of risk issues at various scales of resolution (macro, meso, micro), and aggregations between them. It is founded in a philosophy which recognizes knowledge‐based processes as fundamental both to life (and in turn physical aspects of risk) and to cognition (social aspects of risk). It is through these processes that explanations for risk states are to be found. Implications for risk management are noted.     

Combining LCA and RA for the integrated risk management of emerging technologies

Emerging risks of innovative technologies, like for instance nanotechnology, require proactive assessments in order to guarantee that their future materials and products will not result in adverse effects on health, safety and the environment. The combination of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Risk Assessment (RA) offers a systematic approach to identify and assess potential impacts. LCA is a well-known analytical tool, standardised in ISO 14040-14044, to assess the environmental impact of the entire life-cycle of a product or service. Its strengths are the systematic approach to analyse all life-cycle stages of complex systems. Integrated risk management can benefit in various ways from LCA. Firstly, LCA offers a new dimension to the safety paradigm, exploring the principles and synergies between LCA and RA. Secondly, LCA offers a systematic approach to analyse the risks of innovative technologies along their entire life-cycle (from design, building, maintenance, operation to decommissioning). Thirdly, LCA offers an analytical tool to quantify the environmental impact of emerging technologies. In combination with RA, LCA can provide scientifically sound information for the early assessment of potential impacts on health, safety and the environment.     

An integrated approach based-structural modeling for risk prioritization in supply network management

Supply networks are complex and suffer always from various risks. An effective supply chain management requires suitable strategies to mitigate them. In previous literature, there has been a range of research into risk in firms but little in supply networks. This can be explained due to the huge number of risk variables and their direct and indirect interrelations that may suffer all supply chain partners (firms). Therefore, for better risk mitigation, a risk prioritization step is vital. To this end, the purpose of this paper is to propose a new integrated approach based on two structural modeling tools. Firstly, interpretive structural modeling has been used to present a hierarchical model showing the interrelationships between the risk sources. Secondly, MICMAC analysis has been used to quantify and classify the risk variables based on their mutual influence and dependence. The objective is to ascertain the key risk variables and theirs relationships. These prioritized risk variables provide a useful tool to supply network managers to focus on those key variables that are most essential for effective risk management strategies. A real case study in food industry is provided in order to illustrate the application of the proposed approach. The findings may be useful to the practitioners in risk management and may also interest academicians, since the method used here can be applied in other areas of industrial management as well.     

Approximation of aggregate and extremal losses within the very heavy tails framework

The loss distribution approach is one of the three advanced measurement approaches to the Pillar I modeling proposed by Basel II in 2001. In this paper, one possible approximation of the aggregate and maximum loss distribution in the extremely low frequency/high severity case is given, i.e. the case of infinite mean of the loss sizes and loss inter-arrival times. In this study, independent but not identically distributed losses are considered. The minimum loss amount is considered increasing over time. A Monte Carlo simulation algorithm is presented and several quantiles are estimated. The same approximation is used for modeling the maximum and aggregate worldwide economy losses caused by very rare and very extreme events such as 9/11, the Russian rouble crisis, and the U.S. subprime mortgage crisis. The model parameters are fit on a data sample of operational losses. The respective aggregate and extremal loss quantiles are calculated.     

关于跨国公司对我国产业结松调整影响的实证分析

改革开放以来,我国出口导向型发展策略助推了经济的长期快速发展。但近年来,经济发展面临的资源约束日益突出,原有禀赋优势逐渐减§弓,在这一背景下,研究现阶段外资进入对产业结构调整的影响效果具有较强的现实意义。文章运用中国分行业外资进入数据对这一问题进行实证检验,从数据角度考察两者的相关性,并探讨实证结果对于在改革新时期完善引资策略、增强外资对我国产业结构调整促进作用的启示。     

An evaluation of the management of the Finnish employment service

This paper analyses the efficiency of the Finnish Employment Service's management in selecting unemployed individuals who are offered a job. The database used considers short-term unemployed individuals who face the same labour market conditions in 1996. Duration analysis with a Weibull model has been performed in order to study the determinants of the transition probability from unemployment into employment and the impact of receiving job offers through the Employment Service (ES). In order to carry this out, it has been taken into account that the reception of such job offers may be endogenous because the ES selects the individuals who will receive the offers. The empirical results suggest that the decisions made by the ES are adequate in the sense that they increase the benefit of society, compared with a random assignment of the vacancies offered through the ES. Moreover, the effects of the other determinants depend on whether the individual receives offers. The results also point out that individuals who receive no offers through the ES are more likely, as time passes by, to be discouraged in searching for a job than those who do.