旅游餐饮市场信用缺失与政府监管

文章在分析我国旅游餐饮市场信用缺失的特点、危害的基础上,运用博弈矩阵模型对旅游餐饮市场信用缺失与政府监管的关系进行了剖析,认为在政府缺位的情况下,旅游餐饮商家为了经济利益将始终采取欺客宰客行为。所以,政府对旅游餐饮市场的干预和监管是必须的。政府应不断完善法规和管理制度、提升监管技术水平并加大对欺诈行为的制裁力度。     

Corporate social responsibility and Eurozone corporate bonds: The moderating role of country sustainability

In this paper, we empirically examine whether superior performance in corporate social responsibility (CSR) results in lower credit risk, measured by credit ratings and zero-volatility spreads (z-spreads). We are especially interested in how the environmental, social, and governance (ESG) related performance of the corresponding countries moderates this relationship. We find only weak evidence that superior corporate social performance (CSP) results in systematically reduced credit risk. However, we do find strong support for our hypothesis that a country’s ESG performance moderates the CSP–credit risk relationship. Superior CSP is regarded as risk-reducing and rewarded with better ratings and lower z-spreads only if it is recognized by the environment. In addition, we find a reduction of corporate bonds’ z-spreads by approx. 9.64 basis points if the CSP of a company mirrors the ESG performance of the country it is located in.     

以廉政勤政简政为指引全面提升政府公信水平

近年来,我国政府公信力建设取得了巨大的成就,但也存在政策之间的协调性和行政体制的结构矛盾十分突出、政府公共服务和信息公开不能满足民众要求等问题. 要全面提升政府公信水平,就要深化行政体制改革,建立政府信用水平评价体系,推进政府信息透明化,完善政府对自身债务的管理,积极引导网络舆情.     

Do Sovereign Re‐Ratings Destabilize Equity Markets during Financial Crises? New Evidence from Higher Return Moments

This study investigates the effects of S&P's sovereign re‐ratings on the higher moments of equity market returns over recent financial crises. Using a set of intraday stock market index prices and sovereign credit ratings for a sample of 36 countries that experienced sovereign rating changes over the period from 1996 to 2013, we find that the higher moments of stock market returns are significantly more responsive to sovereign re‐ratings during financial crises, but the effects on stock markets are not the same across different financial crises. The effects during crises are, however, magnified for large downgrades and those that are associated with a loss of investment grade status. We find that there are asymmetric effects during financial crises in that downgrades are consistently more significant than upgrades in increasing realized volatility and realized kurtosis. Both upgrades and downgrades affect realized skewness in times of crises in the expected direction.     

Corporate Stock and Bond Return Correlations and Dynamic Adjustments of Capital Structure

This paper analyses the effects of dynamic correlations between stock and bond returns issued by the same firm on the speed of adjustment towards target leverage. The results show that the estimated correlations are time varying, show persistence and differ among firms. Analysis of the potential explanatory variables reveals that the correlations decrease with negative expectations about future aggregate risks, but only for firms with a low default probability. In contrast, correlations are positively associated with specific risk measures, especially idiosyncratic stock risk and financial leverage. The positive relationship between the correlations and the leverage ratio suggests that target leverage can be achieved faster when the stock–bond correlation is high. Our results show that this is the case.     

Labor Unions and Forms of Corporate Liquidity

We examine how the presence of labor unions affects a firm's choice of corporate liquidity between bank lines of credit and corporate cash holdings. We find that firms in industries with higher unionization rates hold a higher fraction of corporate liquidity in the form of bank lines of credit. We divide the firms into sub‐groups and find that this positive relationship holds for firms that are not in a state with right‐to‐work legislation and for firms that are financially constrained. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that a firm chooses the forms of corporate liquidity to take advantage of the bargaining benefits associated with bank lines of credit.     

论信用概念的本质内涵与信用建设的基本途径

在时下的信用问题研究背景中,经济学一家独语的状况非常明显;即便是在伦理学研究背景下,信用也仅被作为一个关键概念局限于经济伦理领域。但是,要建立一个科学的社会信用制度体系,信用就应该首先被还原出它的作为一个一般伦理学概念的内涵,即它的本质内涵。当代的中国信用建设,仅仅局限于经济学或经济伦理领域来讨论具体的制度建构,无疑要走很多弯路。信用这个概念,正如诚信概念一样,不仅存在于人的经济活动领域,也存在于人的其他重大活动领域。在这些人的种种活动领域中广泛存在的信用概念是紧密联系和互动的,并且存在一定的同步性需求,这种需求的理论化,就是信用概念在一般伦理学语境下的充分讨论。     

企业资本结构和供应商融资:基于违约风险的考察

以2003—2009年间的1757个公司年度为样本,考察企业资本结构对供应商融资(应付账款和预付账款)的影响。研究发现:企业的资本结构(财务杠杆)对应付账款比例具有显著的负向效应;企业的资本结构(财务杠杆)对预付账款比例具有显著的正向效应;投资者保护程度较强的企业(国有控股企业和大规模企业)能够获得更多的供应商融资。     

征信体系中个人信息法律保护制度建设的个案研究——以上海为例

随着经济的发展和我国个人征信体系的建立,人们对个人信用信息保护的需求日益强烈。我国征信体系的建立经历了先试点、后在全国铺开的过程。上海是征信试点城市之一,在个人信用信息法律保护方面积累了一些经验。通过实证研究,分析上海个人信用信息法律保护的特点和经验,对我国征信立法和个人信用信息保护立法有重要的启示。