浅谈公路工程质量监理程序和方法

建立全面的质量控制体系,是确保工程质量创优的关键。本文通过对工程质量监理程序和方法的探讨,从建立质量保证组织体系、划分质量单元、执行质量监理程序、加强质量检测、处理质量缺陷等方面进行了分析。     

Comparison of solution approaches for the train load planning problem in seaport terminals

In this paper the train load planning problem arising in a seaport container terminal is considered. This problem consists in determining the optimal assignment of containers to wagon slots in order to maximize the train utilization and, at the same time, to minimize unproductive operations in the terminal. Different solution approaches based on a mathematical programming model are compared. The best solution procedure, satisfactory both in terms of quality of the obtained solutions and for the computational times, is identified through extensive experimental tests. This procedure could be included in a planning tool to be used in real seaport terminals.     

浅谈投标文件编制的基本程序及方法技巧

投标工作是一项具有相当大挑战的工作,要编制出高水平的投标文件,必须努力提高自身管理水平和业务素质,认真细致的学习研究招标范本、定额、建设法规、施工规范及投标策略和技巧。本文就投标文件编制的基本程序及其方法技巧进行简单的分析探讨。     

Estimating the cost of an emergency room visit for migraine headache

SUMMARY

To provide a more comprehensive accounting of direct cost of treating headaches, it is imperative to quantify the cost of emergency room (ER) services specific to treating headaches. Published cost estimates for migraine-specific ER visits are currently not available. This study estimated the cost of treating migraine headaches in the ER from a payer's perspective, using ER discharge data for migraine from the 2000 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS). Costs were estimated using Medicare reimbursement rates. The total cost of an ER visit for migraine headache, defined as the ER visit and all additional services and procedures, was US$238.16. Based on the migraine prevalence of 9% to 27%, the annual estimate for total ER visit costs for migraine headache in the US in 2000 ranged from US$646 million to US$1.94 billion, which is substantial. ER costs for migraine may be much larger then previously estimated.     

Candidate stability and probabilistic voting procedures

Summary. We extend the analysis of Dutta, Jackson and Le Breton (Econometrica, 2001) on strategic candidacy to probabilistic environments. For each agenda and each profile of voters preferences over running candidates, a probabilistic voting procedure selects a lottery on the set of running candidates. Assuming that candidates cannot vote, we show that random dictatorships are the only unanimous probabilistic voting procedures that never provide unilateral incentives for the candidates to withdraw their candidacy at any set of potential candidates. More flexible probabilistic voting procedures can be devised if we restrict our attention to the stability of specific sets of potential candidates.Received: 4 February 2003, Revised: 14 September 2004, JEL Classification Numbers: D71, D72.This is a revised version of a chapter of my Ph.D. Dissertation submitted to the Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona. I am indebted to my supervisor Salvador Barberá for his advice and constant support. I am grateful to Dolors Berga and an anonymous referee for their detailed comments and suggestions. I thank José Alcalde, Walter Bossert, Bhaskar Dutta, Lars Ehlers, Jordi Massó, Diego Moreno, Clara Ponsatí, Yves Sprumont, and William Thomson for many helpful comments and discussions. I thank the hospitality of the C.R.D.E. at the Université de Montréal and the Department of Economics of the University of Warwick where parts of this research were conducted. Financial support through Research Grant 1998FI00022 from Comissionat per Universitats i Recerca, Generalitat de Catalunya, Research Project PB98-870 from the Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología, and Fundación Barrié de la Maza is gratefully acknowledged.     

油气井勘探开发中的溢流检测和关井分流程序

文章详细分析了油气井勘探开发中溢流产生的原因和征兆、溢流的主要监测方式和预防措施,重点论述了油气井的关井程序和分流程序,包括软关井、硬关井作业程序。     

美国与澳大利亚金融消费者保护机制及对我国的启示

完善的金融消费者保护机制是金融体系健康发展的社会基础,因而受到各国立法机构和政府的重视为了维护金融消费者权益,美国和澳大利亚在法律建设、职能部门设置、投诉处理程序、行业自律和金融消费荇教育等方面构建了本国金融消费者保护机制。我国目前尚未形成金融消费者保护的法律体系．金融消费者维权渠道不畅通,问题争议难以得到有效处理。为此需要借鉴国际经验,推进金融消费者保护法制建设,加强金融行业闩律．积极开展金融消费者教育工作。     

大型水轮发电机组控制流程的优化与创新

文章从停机令、清除所有控制流程、开杌前预检查、事故停机和机组锁机5个方面简要分析优化大型水轮发电机组的控制流程。设计人员应研究探讨机组的控制流程,设计出更多符合电厂实际生产需要的控制流程,以适应时代发展的需要。     

我国资本市场制度设计与制度建设研究

资本市场制度设计与建设必须符合合理性与合法性原则。为使制度合理，制度设计必须满足一定的前置条件和遵守包括效率原则等在内的基本原则。同时，制度建设是监管机构依法行政的具体过程，必须遵循程序正义原则，并依此取得制度的合法性。过去由于设计不讲究程序，制度建设总处于利益博弈的动态过程，制度体系不能达到均衡、缺乏稳定性，是市场周期性波动的根本原因。本文认为，未来我国资本市场制度设计与建设应满足三个基本前提，一是科学界定市场自主行为与行政监管的边界，二是公正合理对待所有市场参与者，三是制度设计过程程序化，