Can material asset reorganizations affect acquirers’’ debt financing costs?——Evidence from the Chinese Merger and Acquisition Market

In this paper, we investigate whether material asset reorganizations (MARs), a special form of merger and acquisition (M&A) transactions, can affect the acquirers’ cost of debt financing. Further, we examine the effect of acquiring firms’ accounting information quality on the cost of debt and on the association between MARs and debt costs. We predict that compared to conventional M&As, large-scale acquisitions through MARs can generate a much greater influx of assets from target firms. This raises the acquirers’ asset collateral and thus reduces the cost of debt. Because the quality of accounting information is a key factor affecting the cost of debt, we suggest that it has a spillover effect on the debt-cost effect of MARs. Using M&A transactions by listed companies in the Chinese A-share market from 2008 to 2014 as our sample, we find that MARs are associated with a higher asset collateral and lower ex post cost of debt than conventional M&As. Furthermore, we show that the acquiring firms’ accounting information quality has a significant negative effect on debt costs, and the negative association between MARs and the cost of debt is more pronounced when accounting information quality is higher.     

美国金融危机的深层次原因分析及对中国银行业的启示——兼论金融危机与新资本协议的关系

内容一场次贷危机引发的金融危机正在影响着世界经济。本文从四个方面对危机发生的深层次原因进行了分析,也对其与新资本协议的关系进行了阐述。在经济全球化和金融一体化的大格局下,中国银行业为应对危机,实现可持续的科学发展,必须认真做出选择。     

民族地区微型金融机构社会扶贫功能的统计学分析——基于对湖北省恩施土家苗族自治州的调研数据

摘要：本文对恩施州从农信社获得过贷款的农户进行了实地调研,并结合从当地农信社获得的数据,利用SPSS17．0分析软件,从覆盖力的视角对恩施州农信社的社会扶贫功能进行了全方位的统计描述。研究发现：以农信社为首的微型金融机构的社会扶贫功能在一定程度上得到实现,但微型金融机构已出现偏离其“社会扶贫”功能的趋势,而且,金融服务落后和金融产品单一是制约微型金融机构社会扶贫功能的主要因素。     

2014年5月国内金融形势评述

2014年5月国内金融运行的主要特点是：广义货币M2增速连续回升,狭义货币增速维持低位;人民币贷款和债券融资较为活跃,拉动社会融资规模明显高于去年同期;人民币贷款投放显著增加,中长期贷款增长继续加快;企业存款增速低位小幅回升,居民储蓄存款增速继续减缓;银行间市场交易活跃度明显上升,市场利率有所回落;与上月末比,人民币汇率贬值0．2％,海外市场对人民币汇率的贬值预期有所下降。     

按揭购入固定资产相关业务的会计与税务处理

以按揭贷款方式进行的固定资产投资具有耗资多、时间长等特点,因此涉及的会计与税务处理问题较多。在现行会计准则和税收法规的框架下,要正确处理好这些问题,依法履行纳税义务,本文从固定资产购入和处置两个角度对资产与负债的确定、计量进行科学、合理的确认。     

2008年5月金融形势评述

5月金融运行的主要特点是：广义货币M2主要受对比基数（较低的）影响,增速回升,狭义货币M1增速明显回落;贷款增长总体平稳;储蓄存款快速回升,企业存款增长保持较高水平,存款定期化趋势明显;银行间市场人民币交易活跃,市场利率略有上升;人民币对美元继续升值。     

2007年金融形势评述

2007年全年金融运行的主要特点是：广义货币M2增长16.7％,狭义货币M1增长21％;全年新增贷款3.63万亿元,个人中长期消费贷款多增较多;企业资金状况较宽松,股市对储蓄存款分流明显;银行间市场人民币交易成交活跃,市场利率水平总体高于上年;人民币持续升值,汇率灵活性进一步增强。     

The Use of Collateral in Gross and Net Payment Systems

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to make a comparative analysis of modern gross and net payment systems, emphasizing the implications of the availability of intraday liquidity in the former, and of collateral requirements in the latter. In contrast to previous models, an economy with two assets is described: eligible as collateral and not eligible, with the aim of being able to determine the implications of the requirement of these guarantees on banks' portfolio decisions—which affects their return—and on the probability and the consequences of a systemic crisis. This allows for comparison of the effects on social welfare of each of the two systems for different sets of parameters that characterize social risk aversion, opportunity set of banks, and the functioning of each settlement model. In a calibration exercise, it is shown how it would be legitimate for a benevolent authority to have a preference for a gross system, like TARGET, over a net system, like EURO1, for relatively high values, although plausible, of risk aversion.     

Lenders’ pricing strategy: Do neighborhood risks matter?

This article explores the different pricing strategies of lenders who originate both government-sponsored enterprise (GSE) and non-GSE loans. We find that conditional on loan and borrower characteristics and some observable local economic factors, mortgage rates on GSE loans vary significantly across regions. However, we observe no sizable regional variation in loan amounts or default risk. By contrast, the mortgage rates on non-GSE loans depend almost entirely on borrowers and loan characteristics. In addition, we find that spatial variations in GSE mortgage rates are highly responsive to regional prepayment risk. Our results are robust to various controls for neighborhood characteristics, including regional-level bank competition, borrower accessibility to mortgages, and household income levels. Overall, the findings offer a novel insight into how lenders adjust pricing strategies in response to a changing lending environment. The results provide implications relating to the present and imminent dangers of housing bubbles and the intensified refinancing wave following the COVID-19 pandemic.     

Are all types of real transaction management equal in the eyes of bank lenders?

This study examines whether bank lenders react differently to various types of real transaction management (RTM) by borrowing firms. Drawing upon the differential cash and cash flow effects of alternative forms of RTM, we predict and find that banks provide more favorable loan terms, that is, lower interest spread and reduced likelihood of required collateral, for firms reporting more discretionary reductions in research and development (R&D) expenditures. In contrast, lending banks respond unfavorably to borrowers’ engagement in RTM through aggressive sales discounts and overproduction of inventories. Additional analysis reveals that the favorable effect of discretionary R&D reductions on loan pricing is greater (smaller) for borrowing firms with a prior relationship with the bank or with a lower level of cash holdings (loans with longer maturity). Overall, our findings suggest that banks, with their unique payoff functions and monitoring incentives, do not view all forms of RTM negatively.