Unpacking Pride’s commodification through the encounter

Debates complicating universal constructions of tourist commodification are far from new. Yet, within tourist studies distinctions continue to resurface that reify boundaries positioning processes of commodification as necessarily liberating, victimising or pathologising. Through these boundary making processes there is potential that the meanings, politics and memories of individuals, invested in experiences deemed ‘commodified’, become devalued as tourist scholars praise pre-commodified experience. This paper responds to these tensions through utilising a feminist embodied framework focused on the encounter. The paper troubles innate constructions of commodification, by showing how interpretation of commodification is spatially and socially specific to the moment of encounter. It is thus argued that analysis of the encounter offers a way to negotiate sponsorship requirements during event planning.     

Metamorphosis in hospitality: A tradition of sexual harassment

This study measures the incidence and tolerance of sexual harassment in hospitality in an effort to understand its causes. It examines the tradition of sexual behaviour in hospitality, exacerbated by hierarchical structures, the nature of hospitality work, the characteristics of typical front line workers, customers’ reduced sense of responsibility, and an emphasis on meeting customers’ needs. Customer contact is shown to be a key predictor of harassment, especially for young European women. The typical profiles of hospitality staff and the nature and traditions of the industry are considered important causes of harassment in hospitality.     

供应链环境下的供应链金融服务模式探析

作为一种新的融资模式,供应链金融在银行开展中小企业的融资的过程中有看特殊的作用。文章从目前国内中小企业融资需求的背景出发,着重从银行参与核心企业运作流程的角度阐述供应链金融解决中小企业融资问题的具体运作模式,从整个供应链的角度上为中小企业提供了一种新的融资途径。     

Exploring Content and Design Factors Associated with Convention and Visitors Bureau Web Site Development

Abstract

Convention and visitors bureaus (CVBs) have become important organizations within the tourism industry. The International Association of Convention & Visitor Bureaus (IACVB) reported that it represents approximately 500 destination management organizations in 30 countries (IACVB, 2003). As one of the most important components of the tourism industry in the United States, the Convention and Visitors Bureau performs various activities to facilitate destination marketing and development, with the aim of enticing leisure and convention customers to their particular city or region. Meanwhile, meeting planners are using technology to enhance their ability to produce and execute meetings that demonstrate a high return on investment. Consequently, CVBs' websites have enormous potential in selling a destination and facilitating the meeting/convention planning process. This paper explores the content and design factors associated with convention and visitors bureau web site development. It also demonstrates how planners utilize the Internet and CVB websites.     

蜜月游市场特征的相关与回归分析——针对北京常住居民蜜月游市场

在我国,蜜月游市场发展迅猛,潜力巨大,收益率颇高.特别值得注意的是,我们调研发现:高收入者与非高收入者共享蜜月游这一高端旅游产品.为此我们进行了相关的定量分析,以进一步研究其发展脉络,揭示其变动趋势,为政府主管部门及相关旅游企业提供决策依据.     

旅游产业的区域集聚、收敛与就业差异:基于分省面板的说明

本文利用1992-2005年分省面板数据分析了中国旅游产业,主要是饭店业和旅行社业的区域集聚,以及在此过程可能出现的收敛和发散;研究发现分省数据无法有效提供产业的分布对就业的显著影响,但是,分区域(东部、东北、中部和西部)的数据表明,1992-2001年旅游产业的集聚总体上呈现发散态势,而2002年之后则呈现收敛态势,并且显著地支持就业增长的假说.最后,根据这些结论提出合理的政策建议.     

Push or pull? Identifying rock climbing tourists' motivations

The aims of this research are to clarify the motivations of rock climbing tourists by using a push and pull framework and to investigate the relationship between tourist motivation and overall satisfaction. In a survey of 473 rock climbing tourists in the Geyikbayırı region in Antalya, Turkey, the most important push motivations were identified as ‘physical setting’ and ‘challenge’, while ‘climbing novelty seeking’ and ‘climbing tourism infrastructure’ were the most important pull motivations. Furthermore, the findings of this study indicated that overall satisfaction of rock climbers can be determined by their push and pull motivations. The results also showed that motivations of rock climbers differ according to their experience levels. The paper ends with theoretical contributions of the study and its managerial implications.     

浅析交际法测试在交际法教学环境中的应用

随着交际法教学在外语教学领域的确立 ,交际法测试亦作为一种新的测试方法给语言测试的设计者、研究者及测试部门 ,提出了一系列有待解决的难题。本文从测试与教学的关系谈起 ,分析了目前我国外语教学领域 ,交际法测试与交际法教学发展不平衡的现状 ,并对交际法测试在具体的交际法教学环境中的应用进行跟踪调查 ,最后对调查结果进行归纳总结 ,阐明在交际法教学环境中应用交际法测试的优势和局限性。