北京市城镇无保障老人养老保险问题研究

近年来,城镇无保障老年人的养老问题日益受到政府和社会的关注。全国已有部分省市对城镇无保障老年人提供了一定的养老补贴待遇,但是,不同省市采用补贴形式各不相同,补贴标准也有一定的差异。目前,北京市城镇无保障老人主要是通过福利养老金制度覆盖,对满足年龄条件的无保障老人,每人每月都可以领取230元财政补贴。那么,在政府财力有限的条件下,如何提高无保障老人收入水平?本文提出了建立无保障老人个人缴费与政府补贴相结合的新制度,并依据2007年北京市城镇无保障老人调查数据,构建北京市无保障老人养老保险收支模型,计算并预测了未来10年的养老保险收支情况,通过这一模式表明,政府财政补贴在适度提高的前提下,无保障老人养老待遇会有较大幅度增加,而且该模式运行的稳定性较强。     

世界向多极化、多货币体系发展

世界经济金融体系正在发生深刻变革。以中国、日本、韩国、东盟十国为代表的东方经济体具有超越西方经济体经济总量的潜力。在此背景下,需要倡导更积极的国际合作,共同致力于消除贫困、保护环境、消除收入分配不平等、应对人口结构变化挑战及加强国际和平领域合作等。此外,推动世界经济的可持续发展具有重要意义,特别是在能源结构转型、粮食生态保护、教育质量、饮食健康、城市建设及数字经济等领域。未来,世界将向多极化政治经济格局、多货币体系发展,建立更为合理的世界秩序。中国的经济发展及人民币国际化进程将有利于新格局的建立。     

Have SFAS 166 and SFAS 167 improved the financial reporting for securitizations?

Critics have alleged that securitization accounting prior to 2010 was among the causes of the recent financial crisis. In response to this criticism, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) implemented two new accounting standards, SFAS 166 and SFAS 167, to improve the financial reporting for securitizations. Bank regulators have stated their belief that SFAS 166/167 will result in a consolidated balance sheet (and risk-based capital ratios based thereupon) that better reflects a bank's exposure to risk related to securitized assets. We document that, by ceding retained power or influence through the servicing/special servicing functions to third parties, SFAS 166/167 resulted in real effects to the extent that banks (particularly those that were weakly capitalized) achieved their accounting objectives in the post-SFAS 166/167 period through legitimate transaction structuring in line with the intent of the new rules. Further, we use capital market participants’ assessments of risk retention by sponsoring banks as a benchmark, and provide evidence consistent with bank regulators’ beliefs. In particular, following SFAS 166/167, equity investors of sponsoring banks do not consider (consider) as risk relevant securitized assets that receive off-balance sheet (on-balance sheet) treatment. Securitized assets that are consolidated under SFAS 166/167 exhibit the same risk relevance as assets that are not securitized, despite contractual provisions that would seem to imply substantial risk transfer.     

经济结构调整与中小企业的发展

经济结构调整 ,朝阳和夕阳产业在不同国家有不同的表现 ,在产业轮换中 ,产业进入障碍限制了不同规模企业在部门间的资本转移。新兴产业是中小企业容易竞争优势的地方 ,但新兴产业不是向所有投资者开放。高新技术产业 ,需要全新概念的投资者 ,中小企业的投资者最好把投资局限在自己能力和熟悉的范围内 ,这是中小企业投资者保持投资的成功所在     

2012年8月国际金融市场运行综述

2012年8月,美元指数走低;主要货币短期利率小幅下降;主要发达国家中长期国债收益率先升后降;主要股指总体振荡走高。     

Computers BITE accounting education

The recent establishment of the £20 million Teaching and Learning Technology Programme by the Universities' Funding Council in the UK provides one of the largest boosts for IT and education since PLATO (in the USA) and NDPCAL (in the UK). This note describes the BITE project which is part of the above programme and highlights some of the problems that have affected both the development and evaluation of accounting courseware in the past. By using a strong interdisciplinary team of software, educational and subject specialists, the project hopes to overcome some or all of these problems.     

Random walk and efficiency tests in the Asia-Pacific foreign exchange markets: Evidence from the post-Asian currency crisis data

This paper empirically tests the random walk and efficiency hypothesis for 12 Asia-Pacific foreign exchange markets. The hypothesis is tested using individual as well as panel unit root tests and two variance-ratio tests. The study covers the high (daily) and medium (weekly) frequency post-Asian crisis spot exchange rate data from January 1998 to July 2007. The inferential outcomes do not differ substantially between the unit root tests and the variance-ratio tests when using daily data but differ significantly when using weekly data. With the daily data, both types of unit root tests identify unit root components for all the series and two variance-ratio tests provide the evidence of martingale behavior for majority of the exchange rates tested. With the weekly data, panel unit root tests identify unit root component for the exchange rates and, the unit root tests on a single series basis identify unit root component for 10 foreign exchange markets. However, the variance-ratio tests reject the martingale null for the majority of the exchange rates when using weekly data.     

上市公司反收购中的章程应用及法律规制

公司章程是公司的宪章性文件,是公司实现自治的重要手段。在上市公司收购中,目标公司通常通过公司章程的修订,在其中置入相应的反收购条款,以防止或者抵制敌意收购。由于我国的公司、证券法律法规对上市公司反收购问题规定的相对欠缺,导致实践中利用公司章程实施反收购出现失范的情况较为明显。本文尝试分析如何在现行法律框架内对利用公司章程实施反收购的行为进行有效规制,并提出相应的政策建议。