试论企业信息化影响竞争力之机理

近几年国内外学界对企业竞争力、企业信息化的问题研究十分火爆,但对企业信息化提升企业竞争力的内在机制进行全方位、多角度分析的文献却不多见。全面地分析信息化影响企业竞争力的机理,对我国企业信息化建设有很大启示,并可进一步丰富中国的信息经济学。     

核心企业主导的供应链金融模式风险机理研究

在核心企业主导的供应链金融模式中,核心企业的主导作用会产生依赖性垄断,推动风险的发生,导致中小企业融资中屡屡出现欺诈和套取现金等不良行为。通过对供应链金融模式演变和供应链金融风险等相关分析,提出不同供应链金融模式下核心企业参与的可能性风险,并基于复杂系统理论和共生理论构建了核心企业主导的供应链金融网络拓扑结构及依赖共生模型。进一步揭示了该模式风险产生的机理及原因,完善了供应链金融风险的相关理论。最后提出引入区块链技术的分布式存储、时间戳及智能合约功能实现与供应链金融的融合,达到"去核心化"的目的,从根本上杜绝风险的产生。     

生产分工视角的中国对美国货物出口竞争力验证

考虑生产分工对中美间经贸联系程度、贸易规模和结构的影响,基于生产分工下价值链视角,构建出口竞争力测度指标体系,验证中国对美国货物出口竞争力。结果显示:2016年及之前,中国仅在杂项制品大类上,对美国显示出较强出口竞争力,机械和运输设备、动物和植物油、油脂和蜡我国具有比较优势,化学成品及有关产品、按原料分类的制成品双方竞争性较强,其余大类上,中国对美国出口竞争力不具优势。引入其他国家作对比的分析结果表明:中国对对比国家均无显著出口竞争力,而且对美国出口具有单价优势的资本技术密集型产品,对这些国家出口多缺乏单价优势,而2017年以来对美国和对比国家的贸易变化,进一步勾画出中国对美国货物出口竞争力不足。在生产分工主导全球产业发展背景下,提升我国在全球生产分工中的参与地位,宜强化自主技术研发、提升外资质量和技术外溢、加快"走出去"学习先进技术。     

资本主义福利国家的必然性、局限性与面临的挑战——基于经济全球化视阈的历史唯物主义诠释和启示

资本主义福利国家的产生和发展是第二次世界大战后资本主义社会应对生产力发展和生产方式变化的自我调整,具有历史必然性,也具有自身局限性：形式上的“国家回归”没有改变资本主义私有制生产关系,无法消除资本主义社会的根本矛盾和经济危机;社会普遍高福利的实现（部分）依赖于凭借显著竞争优势在世界市场上获取的超额利润,福利模式具有排他性和剥削性,不能为落后国家所复制,也不能成为世界福利模式。因而,资本主义福利国家成为发达国家的特权,且当经济危机爆发或出现经济滞胀时,其会采取削减甚至拆除社会福利的措施以追求资本和财富的积累。随着经济全球化发展,资本积累与社会福利的矛盾日益凸显,资本主义福利国家模式面临实践上的可持续性和价值上的普适性双重挑战。借鉴资本主义福利国家的经验教训,后发国家应努力提升“结构的或根本性的竞争力”,寻求经济与社会的平衡发展;中国还应充分发挥国家制度和国家治理体系的显著优势,积极建设国家主导、福利要素多元、福利机制灵活的中国特色社会主义福利社会。     

Bioelectricity in Malaysia: economic feasibility,environmental and deforestation implications

We investigate the economic feasibility of bioelectricity production from biomass in Malaysia and its impact on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and storage, agricultural prices, agricultural employment and deforestation. For this purpose, we develop a partial equilibrium model that projects agricultural prices, production, imports, exports, domestic consumption and land use in 5‐year increments between 2015 and 2065. Our results show that by 2030 biomass‐generated electricity can supply 36.5 per cent of the electricity generated in Malaysia, 16 times more than the 2016 electricity supply from biomass. Increased bioelectricity production from biomass will significantly reduce GHG emissions and will help Malaysia meet its commitment in the Paris Agreement to mitigate GHG emission by 45 per cent before 2030. Our modelling shows that biomass‐generated electricity creates a derived demand for waste biomass that expands the area of oil palm plantations. The expansion lowers agricultural prices, boosts agricultural employment and leads to some deforestation as landowners clear rainforest to plant oil palm trees. Nonetheless, the deforestation does not increase GHG emissions since GHG gains from bioelectricity significantly exceed GHG losses from deforestation.     

Spatial and temporal analyses of potential land use conflict under the constraints of water resources in the middle reaches of the Heihe River

With the rapid urbanization in China, land resources are becoming increasingly scarce. Identifying and resolving land use conflict is essential for reasonably using land resources and achieving land sustainability. Taking the middle reaches of the Heihe River as an example, we included the constraints of local water resources to construct a multi-criteria evaluation system for assessing land use competitiveness in 2000 and 2015 based on land use, socio-economic, and nighttime light data. By comparing the competitiveness of cultivated land, construction land and ecological land, we then derived the spatiotemporal patterns of potential land use conflicts. Actual land use changes supported the hypothesis that land use tended to convert into the type with higher competitiveness at areas with intense conflict, which better indicated that our assessment model was effective. The results showed that the potential land use conflict was more acute in the central and northwest but weak in the southeast and northeast, and its pattern showed a significantly positive spatial autocorrelation. The conflict between cultivated land and construction land was most prominent and mainly occurred in the transitional zone from urban to rural areas. Rapid urban development and water shortage were the main causes of the potential land use conflict. Assessing land use multi-functions and making a tradeoff among ecological, economic, and social services will be an effective way to guide future land use to solve land use conflict. Our research provides scientific evidence for sustainable land use planning and management in the arid areas.     

基于"钻石模型"的中国服务贸易国际竞争力分析

本文首先介绍迈克尔·波特的"钻石模型",进而介绍我国服务贸易发展的现状,通过对我国服务贸易结构及TC指数的分析来揭示其存在问题,最后提出发展我国服务贸易的相关对策和建议.     

河北省高技术产业竞争力区位比较和内部结构分析

采用比较分析方法和系统分析方法对河北省高技术产业竞争力在全国、东部地区的区位优势进行了综合分析,对3个主要行业的竞争力特征进行了归纳,指出了具有的优势和存在的不足,并针对存在的问题,从政府扶持、企业创新主体、产业重点选择、京津冀合作、合理布局和内外结合6个方面提出了提升产业竞争力、增强综合实力的对策措施,可为政府部门制定高技术产业发展政策提供重要参考。     

民营企业亟需提升软实力

民营企业的软实力是民营企业综合实力的重要方面,打造和加强软实力是当前民营企业面临的一个重要课题.提升民营企业的软实力,关键是加强民营企业的理念建设、品牌建设、形象建设和文化建设.     

探索中国科技管理体制的新变化

综合国力的竞争取决于经济竞争,经济竞争的核心是科技竞争。我国在经历了22年科技体制改革的今天,科技管理体制已发生了诸多根本性的变化。如：科教兴国战略、高校和科研院所改制、企业技术引进和自主研发等。归根结底还是取决于科技转化为生产力的速度、规模、范围和效果。企业要不断地随着社会主义市场经济的深化和发展而有所创新和变化。