重塑产权制度是国有地勘单位改制的关键

国有地勘单位改制的核心问题在于重塑产权制度。目前 ,国有地勘单位面临三大难题 ,即现有国有资产定价问题 ,债务负担问题和员工身份转变问题。解决这些问题的关键是构建产权制度 ,使地勘单位带资分流改制 ,解决地勘单位债务负担 ,并置换职工身份 ,实现产权多元化。为此 ,地勘单位领导和员工要转变观念 ,加强财务管理 ,对国有地勘单位进行股份制改造     

Moral Discourse and Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting

This paper examines voluntary corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting as a form of moral discourse. It explores how alternative stakeholder perspectives lead to differing perceptions of the process and content of responsible reporting. We contrast traditional stakeholder theory, which views stakeholders as external parties having a social contract with corporations, with an emerging perspective, which views interaction among corporations and constituents as relational in nature. This moves the stakeholder from an external entity to one that is integral to corporate activity. We explore how these alternative stakeholder perspectives give rise to different normative demands for stakeholder engagement, managerial processes, and communication. We discuss models of CSR reporting and accountability: EMAS, the ISO 14000 series, SA8000, AA1000, the Global Reporting Initiative, and the Copenhagen Charter. We explore how these models relate to the stakeholder philosophies and find that they are largely consistent with the traditional atomistic view but fall far short of the demands for moral engagement prescribed by a relational stakeholder perspective. Adopting a relational view requires stakeholder engagement not only in prescribing reporting requirements, but also in discourse relating to core aspects of the corporation such as mission, values, and management systems. Habermas’ theory of communicative action provides guidelines for engaging stakeholders in this moral discourse. MaryAnn Reynolds is an Associate Professor of Accounting in the College of Business and Economics at Western Washington University. Dr. Reynolds teaches intermediate financial accounting and is published in the areas of corporate social, environmental and ethical reporting. Kristi Yuthas is the Swigert Endowed Information Systems Professor in the School of Business Administration at Portland State University. Dr. Yuthas teaches accounting and information systems and is published in the areas of social and ethical impacts of management information systems.     

Corporate environmental non‐reporting – a UK FTSE 350 perspective

Until relatively recently the majority of large publicly listed UK companies have not produced annual environmental reports. Of particular note is the slow take‐up of environmental reporting amongst the UK's top 350 companies, the FTSE 350. Using the results of a postal questionnaire, the reluctance of a majority of the FTSE 350 to voluntarily report is linked to 13 drawbacks. Results from non‐reporting respondents to the questionnaire allowed the relative importance of these drawbacks to be placed in a ranked order. Senior management doubt over the advantages of reporting was shown to be the most important drawback, closely followed by the effort required for data collection. A comparison in the uptake of corporate environmental management practices (other than reporting) was also made amongst reporters and non‐reporters. Reporters were shown to have a generally higher level of uptake, although company sector type and size was influential on environmental engagement overall. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.     

Climate for Scandal: Corporate Environments that Contribute to Accounting Fraud

We examine the governance characteristics, earnings quality, growth rates, dividend policy, and compensation structure of 97 firms recently under investigation by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) for accounting fraud. Our results show that the corporate environment most likely to lead to an accounting scandal manifests significant growth and accounting practices that are already pushing the envelope of earnings smoothing. Firms operating in this environment seem more likely to tip over the edge into fraud if there are fewer outsiders on the audit committee and outside directors appear overcommitted.     

浅析企业“假破产，真逃债”的形式及处理

破产是在债务人的全部财产不能清偿债务的前提下，法院根据债权人或债务人本人的申请做出宣告，并依法对其财产进行清理和分配的制度。人民法院审理破产案件的根本目的是通过对破产企业财产的依法清理、处分，最大限度地保护债权人的合法权益。在当前业破产案件中，有部分企业以破产为幌子，钻目前我国有关破产的法律、法规不健全的空子，欺骗债权人，损害国家、集体等债权人的合法权益，以达到选避债务的目的，谓之“破产”选债。特剐是企业以“破产”方式选废银行债务的行为已经成为当前金融运行中的一个突出问题，直接导致了市场信用破坏，扰乱了经济秩序，危及银行资产安全，增大了金融风险。     

Foreign‐based competition and corporate diversification strategy

Since the mid‐1980s U.S. domestic firms have faced significant increases in foreign‐based (i.e., import) competition as reductions in barriers to international commerce have resulted in markets and industries becoming increasingly global. Despite the growing and widespread importance of foreign‐based competition, the influence that such competition may exert on corporate diversification strategy is a question largely overlooked in the strategic management literature. This paper examines the impact of foreign‐based competition in a firm's core business on both the level and nature of a firm's diversification strategy at the corporate level in a panel dataset of U.S. firms over the period 1985–94. Our findings provide the first evidence that increased foreign‐based competition is indeed a statistically significant factor explaining both the reduced business‐level diversity and the increased strategic focus of U.S. firms that has been widely perceived over the past two decades. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

现代企业竞争的新潮流——生态经营战略

利益相关方对企业社会责任的关注已成为现代企业竞争的新潮流。本文就为履行社会责任,企业如何将生态经营战略纳入到企业的可持续发展战略之中进行了探讨。同时,指出企业要根据可持续发展战略的不同,制订出不同的生态战略以及如何明确具体的经营策略,选择适当的指标来衡量和监控企业的生态战略绩效。     

An Innovation of the Manpower Management ——The Validity of Corporate Coaching in China

The paper presents the development and the curricular contents of corporate coaching after it has been introduced into China, and executes a survey on the coaching clients, the result of our survey shows that the farsighted development of corporate coaching in China should absorb the native and excellent management nourishment though it has achieved a famous validity in many enterprise or on a large number of individuals.     

Social influence effects and managerial compensation evidence from Germany

I extend existing theories of social influence effects on executive compensation while at the same time showing the context dependence of these effects. Using original data on German firms and a longitudinal design, results of this study suggest that the operating of social influence mechanisms depends on demographic and social similarity between CEOs and board chairs. The findings reconcile previous mixed findings on the role of CEO human capital factors such as education and tenure and furthermore show that board vigilance is conditional on board compensation and the presence of major shareholders with an incentive to monitor board behavior. Finally, the study contributes to compensation and corporate governance research by providing evidence on how social influence effects operate outside the United States. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The Effect of Bank Debt Downgrades on Stock Prices of Other Banks

We find that debt downgrades of money center banks elicit negative stock price responses in nondowngraded money center banks. Stock prices of larger regional banks also react to these downgrades. Although downgrades of regional banks evoke negative stock price responses for regional banks in the same geographic region, the importance of geographic region as a factor determining the extent of intra‐industry reactions has diminished since 1989. Our results indicate that the merger and expansion activities triggered by interstate banking have blurred differences between regional and money center banks as interstate banking activity has moved towards nationwide banking