OUTPUT FLUCTUATIONS PERSISTENCE: DO CYCLICAL SHOCKS MATTER?

The aim of this paper is to identify the different sources of persistence of output fluctuations. We propose an unobserved components model that allows us to decompose GDP series into a trend component and a cyclical component. We let the drift of the trend component switch between different regimes according to a first‐order Markov process. To calculate an appropriate p‐value for a test of linearity we propose a bootstrap procedure, which allows for general forms of heteroscedasticity. The performance of the bootstrap is checked by means of a Monte Carlo simulation. Our study concerns the USA. We find that cyclical shocks appear to play an important role on the observed persistence of output.     

Biofuel policies and the environment: Do climate benefits warrant increased production from biofuel feedstocks?

We examine whether climate benefits warrant policies promoting biofuel production from agricultural crops when other environmental impacts are accounted for. We develop a general economic-ecological modelling framework for integrated analysis of biofuel policies. An economic model of farmers' decision making is combined with a biophysical model predicting the effects of farming practices on crop yields and relevant environmental impacts. They include GHG emissions over the life cycle, nitrogen and phosphorus runoff, and the quality of wildlife habitats. We apply our model to crop production in Finland. We find that under current biofuel production technology the case for promotion of biofuels is not as evident as has been generally thought. Only reed canary grass for biodiesel is unambiguously desirable, whereas biodiesel from rape seed and ethanol production from wheat and barley cause in most cases negative net impacts on the environment. Suggested policies in the US and the EU tend to improve slightly the environmental performance of biofuel production.     

量化思维在绿色建筑设计教学中的应用研究

重形态分析、轻客观量化的传统设计教学模式与当今社会的绿色设计与可持续发展理念背道而驰。随着绿色建筑设计思想的普及,如何在设计教学中强化量化思维,完善教学模式,是每一个教学工作者的义务和责任。通过反思与总结传统设计教学中的弊端,结合绿色建筑的核心设计原则,尝试性的探索了引导学生在设计过程中产生并形成量化思维的方法与规律。     

管理时尚研究

管理时尚具有操作性强、以偏概全等特点,对它们的需求与供给形成了管理时尚市场.其生命周期曲线呈钟形且是一条长波伴随着一系列短波.若将其国内外传播进行综合考虑,则将呈现出一种雁形模式.由于传统文化的含蓄性与抽象性,中国基本没有管理时尚.目前我国企业面临着大量管理时尚的冲击而不知所措,因此有必要对管理时尚进行比较系统的研究.     

先进的循环经济文化模式构建分析

从循环经济与循环经济文化的关系入手，探讨了循环经济文化的不同层次，提出了构建先进循环经济文化模式的路径选择，即培育循环经济文化观，倡导绿色生产观，弘扬绿色消费观。     

基于PDCA循环理论的高职院校人才培养“2＋1”模式质量改进策略

“2＋1”模式是近年来高职院校在深入教学改革中创造出来的一种新的人才培养模式。“2”是指学生前两个学年在学校内理论学习与实训,“1”是指将第三学年作为综合实践年,将学生组织到企业进行顸岗实习,“2＋1”模式对提高学生的实践能力和职业素质等有积极作用,但也存在一些问题,需要加以重视和改进。基于PDCA循环理论基础上的质量改进策略,对推动“2＋1”人才培养模式不断走向成熟和完善有所帮助。     

对称等距抽样在Spss软件中的实现

Spss是国内外流行的统计分析软件之一,人们在借助此软件进行对称等距抽样时,需要编写带有循环结构的程序,但其语言结构不具备循环结构的特点,为此,该文就对称等距抽样在Spss中如何实现进行了探讨,井通过实例说明了本方法的实用性、准确性和可靠性.     

企业社会责任的两种本位解释

本文从企业和社会两个角度对企业怎样承担社会责任这一问题进行了研究,并探讨了企业承担社会责任与企业生命周期之间的关系,认为企业承扫社会责任的能力与其生命周期阶段相关,每个阶段的能力都不一样。政府可以根据企业的不同发展阶段,采取相应措施。拓宽企业承担社会责任的空间,增强企业承担社会责任的自主性和积极性。