Institutional failure or market failure?

We investigate the effect of the power of creditors, property rights protection, and institutional quality, on bank profits using a panel of 498 banks from 46 countries. Results show that better institutions and stronger property rights protection reduce bank profits, while stronger power of creditors drives up bank profits significantly. Results imply that better institutions and enhanced property rights protection lead to greater flow of credit allowing firms and investors to undertake more profitable ventures. By extension, stronger creditor rights erect steeper barriers to external finance for firms and investors. National indicators of economic freedoms may be more important to lowering the spread than strict creditor rights. Seemingly, credit markets fail when economic institutions fail or when governments intervene into these markets in ways that impede the safety and soundness of financial transactions and private contracting.     

Financial crises,debt overhang,and firm growth in transition economies

ABSTRACT

We examine the effects of the global financial crisis of 2008 and the European debt crisis of 2011 on the relationship between capital structure, investments, and performance for Eastern European companies. While the existing literature documents how firms’ investments are sensitive to the availability of internal funds and to debt holdings, we further investigate whether this investment sensitivity also translates in different levels of performance, and document that capital structure indeed has both a direct and an indirect effect, mediated by the capital expenditure channel. We show that firms with higher financial flexibility experience higher investments and returns on capital. Over-levered firms instead suffer from a debt overhang condition, forcing them to curb investments, and consequently experiencing lower performance. Overall, we provide evidence on the importance of capital structure and financial flexibility on investments and performance, showing the real consequences of the debt overhang condition on firm value creation. Firms should therefore aim at maintaining adequate financial flexibility in order to be able to pursue future profitable investment opportunities, and avoid the under-investment problem arising from a debt overhang situation.     

Financing Technological Innovation: Evidence from Patent-Intensive Firms

ABSTRACT

Equityholders of firms with high debt loads have an incentive to underinvest, a distortion that can be most costly for firms with attractive growth options. Using a novel patent-based measure of a firm's growth options, we find that firms issue more equity and shy away from debt financing when they have larger investment opportunities sets. The results are more pronounced among firms in patent-intensive industries. The findings suggest the existence of conflicts of interest between debtholders and equityholders. Our results are consistent with the use of conservative debt policies by technology-intensive firms to mitigate the debt overhang associated with their future growth options.     

青海省普惠金融发展对经济增长影响研究

为研究青海省普惠金融发展对经济的影响,本研究结合青海省2015-2020年的统计资料来分析普惠金融的发展对经济增长的影响,分别从国内生产总值、三次工业增加值所占的比重来衡量青海省普惠金融在经济中的发展现状;用金融机构的存款余额及其贷款余额、财政厅专项资金的投入情况来衡量青海省普惠金融的发展现状。得出结论为:普惠金融的发展对经济增速具有正向作用。     

西北地区上市公司财务危机预警模型问题研究

西北地区作为民族聚居区,其战略地位日益显现,但本地区股票市场发展的规模、水平与其地位很不相称。目前制约其发展突出的问题是缺乏定量分析,为此采集和选取了近几年西北地区76家上市公司核心财务指标,以Logistic模型为基础,建立财务预警模型,并对影响公司预亏的核心指标从经济学和财务学的角度给出了降低公司来年预亏可能性的指导性建议。为了克服部分指标间的相关性对分析结果的影响,并使预警模型更趋合理,又进一步以公司预亏前两年各指标的综合值为基础,建立了以显著的主成分指标为回归变量的财务预警的Logistic模型,以期为本区上市公司提供一种及早发现、预防、分散和化解财务风险的参考依据,并为投资者提供较为合理的投资预期分析工具。     

从电子商务到网络财务

互联网的存在 ,改变了企业传统的生存方式 ;电子商务的发展 ,使企业从传统以资金、产品为主的营销模式向以资金、信息为主的电子商务营销模式转变。资金流和信息流传递方式的变化 ,要求企业财务处理方式由原来的静态处理向动态处理转变 ;企业经营管理模式的变化和竞争的压力 ,使得网络财务成为财务管理又一新的手段。在电子商务经营模式下 ,网络财务使得财务功能多样化、集成化 ,企业财务与其他业务的协同化也有了进一步提高 ,财务管理更具灵活性。然而 ,由于技术安全性、内部管理、社会基础设施、网络管理成本控制等多方面的原因 ,全面实施网络财务还存在一些急需解决的问题。     

融资理论的实践效应及其验证——基于中国上市公司的数据分析

融资理论是企业制订融资政策的理论基础.不同的融资理论及管理思想将会导致企业采用不同的资金管理策略与政策.因此,融资理论及其实践效应又是预测企业资金管理政策的重要参数.本文以中国上市公司为基础,重点探讨优序融资理论和权衡融资理论在中国企业管理实践中的应用情况.研究表明,这两种理论在中国企业管理实践中都得到了不同程度的应用,但是比较而言,优序融资理论的受支持程度要高于权衡理论的受支持程度.     

银行业在区域经济市场化过程中的策略选择——以振兴东北老工业基地为例

振兴东北是从传统到现代、从计划到市场的经济制度变迁过程.货币政策的区域效应使银行业在东北这一特定区域市场化进程中有了采取区域性策略的可能.在分析东北的区域性经济特点的基础上,针对银行业自身改制和振兴东北的企业问题,本文提出了在东北经济市场化进程中的区域性银行业策略.     

吉林农村金融现状与问题分析

当前吉林省同全国一样,农业和农村发展仍处在艰难的阶段,农业基础设施脆弱、农村社会事业发展滞后、城乡居民收入差距扩大的矛盾依然突出.目前,农村金融服务主体少、能力弱,农村金融市场不完善、农村金融改革不彻底,长期处于一种被抑制状态,难以满足农户和农村中小企业对信贷的需求,已成为制约农村经济发展的一个"瓶颈".吉林是一个农业大省,农村金融问题更加突出,只有找出存在的问题探索出对策,才能解决吉林省的困境,推动农村经济发展.     

农业税改对东营农村经济影响分析

自实施农业税制改革以来,山东省东营市认真贯彻国家各项农业税制改革政策,于2005年全部免除农业税,大力加强财政支农和金融支农力度,有力地促进了社会主义新农村建设。本文从东营市入手深入调查研究了我国农业税制改革对该市农村经济所带来的积极影响与负面作用,并进一步分析了金融、财政在支持“三农”过程中所存在的问题,最后提出了对策、建议。