Unemployment in Greece: Evidence from Greek regions using panel unit root tests

The purpose of the paper is to examine the nature of Greek regional unemployment. The paper contributes to the literature assessing the stochastic properties of Greek unemployment rate in the context of the Greek regions by relying on various univariate and panel unit root tests. In particular, recently developed and more powerful panel unit-root tests that control for structural breaks, heterogeneity and cross-sectional dependence in the panel are employed. The results show that in all cases, after taking into account the fact that regional unemployment rates in Greece are subject to a structural break, the null hypothesis of a unit root is not rejected, indicating that the Greek regional unemployment series are non-stationary with the presence of a structural break.     

Ranking Crop Yield Models: A Comment

This comment discusses key specification issues that may have affected the performance and, therefore, the ranking of parametric models that were compared in a recent AJAE article. A procedure to obtain the most flexible parametric model specification possible, given the particular probability distribution function on which the model is based is presented. These specifications also allow for standardized and, therefore, more valid comparisons across parametric models that are based on different probability distributions. Finally, the comment cautions against generalization of the rankings in that AJAE article and recommends that these more flexible specifications be adopted in future comparisons and applications.     

不同农地经营权流转方式的空间依赖性分析

研究目的:探究不同农地经营权流转方式的空间依赖性。研究方法:基于2015年省级截面数据,对转包、出租和入股三种农地经营权流转方式进行全局与局部空间自相关检验,结合空间计量模型进一步探讨不同流转方式下空间依赖的机制及强度。研究结果:(1)全局层面,经营权流转空间收敛特征显著,转包和出租方式表现为空间正自相关,入股方式则呈现随机分布特征;(2)局部层面,"高—高"聚集和"低—低"聚集为各省区主要空间聚集模式,热点区域主要分布在中部和东部地区,冷点区域主要分布于中部、东部和西部地区;同一省区、不同流转方式下,空间聚集模式存在显著差异;(3)针对不同流转方式,基于传统最小二乘法回归的残差项检验均拒绝无空间依赖关系的原假设;进一步使用SLM和SARAR空间计量模型展开分析,结果表明,整体层面的经营权流转、转包以及出租等流转方式均存在显著的空间依赖性。研究结论:不同农地流转方式具有经济行为上的空间规律,不应简单地视流转为一个抽象概念,应将具体的流转行为从空间依赖和空间异质层面纳入政策制定过程,更为精准地制定具有区域化与省域化特征的农地流转政策。     

Climate Change Policy Options for Asian Economies: Findings from an Integrated Assessment Model

This study outlines potential futures for the global economy through the 2050 with a specific focus on the countries of Asia. With underlying assumptions about population and output growth, a baseline scenario assesses the growth of greenhouse gas emissions and the ensuing impacts on the climate. Under the baseline scenario, Asia's high growth leads to a strong rotation in global output and emissions by the year 2050. The analytical framework traces back the changes in temperature to economic damages – limited to the agricultural sectors. Parts of Asia are likely to see much higher dependence on food imports as a consequence of these damages. Various carbon tax scenarios are implemented to assess the potential for reducing carbon emissions. Because of the structure of their economies, Asian countries are likely to bear the greatest burden in reducing emissions in an efficient global tax scheme, but there is significant scope to ease this burden through financial transfers.     

贸易视角下经济增长和环境质量的内在机理研究——基于中国30个省市环境库兹涅茨曲线的面板数据分析

经济增长与环境质量问题已引起众多学者的关注。本文利用中国30个省、市、自治区15年的面板数据检验中国是否存在倒U型的EKC曲线,并且在考虑贸易与投资的基础上,得出如下结论:东部地区存在倒U型的EKC,西部地区存在正U型的EKC,中部地区不存在EKC;外贸依存度与碳排放呈现出显著地正相关关系,FDI对碳排放虽有影响但很微弱;贸易和投资对拐点到达的时间并无影响,但却能够提高拐点到达时的人均GDP水平。     

旅游小城镇—贵州乡村经济发展的路径选择

中央十八大提出,把新型城镇化作为中国保持经济高速增长和解决农村发展的战略规划。贵州乡村经济的发展,应将乡村地区结合禀赋资源、经济状况和文化技术水平,发展特色旅游业来作为农村小城镇的主导产业。本文应用新制度经济学的路径依赖理论,以贵州农村地区资源和旅游收入绩效来实证建设与发展旅游小城镇意义,分析贵州目前乡村观光旅游存在着多种无效率的路径锁定,并创新性提出中国乡村旅游特有的一种无效率路径锁定,村级组织锁定,进一步提出旅游小城镇建设就是打破这些锁定的最有效路径创造,最后提出旅游小城镇建设一些基本措施。     

地方政府土地财政依赖一定会推高城市一级土地市场化水平吗? ——基于2003—2015年中国省级面板数据的检验

研究目的：在深入分析地方政府土地财政依赖对城市一级土地市场作用机理的基础上,利用2003—2015年中国31个省（市、区）（不包括港澳台地区）的面板数据进行计量检验,测定地方政府土地财政依赖度对城市一级土地市场化率的影响程度。研究方法：计量经济分析方法。研究结果：为弥补地方政府土地财政缺口的刚性需求,地方政府领导人会权变地选择一级土地市场上各类用地的出让方式和出让量。土地财政依赖度与城市一级土地市场化率之间存在倒U型关系。研究结论：当土地财政依赖度与一级土地市场化率均较低时,地方政府会在一级土地市场上出让土地时适当增加“招拍挂”的比例,从而在提高土地财政依赖度的同时提升一级土地市场化率;当土地财政依赖度较高但一级土地市场化率较低时,地方政府会增加一级土地市场上“招拍挂”的比例,在降低土地财政依赖程度的同时提升一级土地市场化率。     

Asset‐based poverty transition and persistence in rural China

This article tests empirically for transition and persistence of poverty in rural China based on the theory of asset‐based poverty traps. It proposes an analytical framework mitigating the problem of endogenous switching between accumulation regimes and disentangling the true state‐dependence of poverty. Specifically, a dynamic asset threshold separating households into downward and upward mobility regimes is identified after taking households’ unobserved characteristics and observed regime‐differentiated accumulation strategies into account. The static analysis identifies causality running from settling into a downward mobility regime to the probability of poverty measured by consumption. Furthermore, allowing for endogenous initial poverty status, the dynamic analysis finds strong true state‐dependence in poverty. Households with the same characteristics are nearly twice as likely to be poor as if they had not previously switched to the accumulation regime. Assets below the dynamic threshold serve as a conduit through which poverty propagates itself. Factors that help to break this vicious circle are identified.     

基于OPNET的混合关键性网络建模与仿真分析

混合关键性网络是一种新型的通信架构,可以满足非实时性和实时性业务的需求。为分析其网络性能,提出在OPNET网络仿真环境中建模的方法。以开放式系统互联模型为基础,采用层次化建模,构建网络的节点模型和进程模型。该模型考虑了事件触发和时间触发消息的特点,通过设计调度算法和容错方式,实现了仿真实验的灵活配置和端到端延迟抖动等性能指标的验证。对仿真结果的性能分析表明,混合关键性网络能够保证实时业务的确定性以及兼容标准以太网的非实时业务。     

Cultural Consonance in Leisure,Leisure Satisfaction,Life Satisfaction,and Self-Rated Health in Urban Taiwan

The purpose of this study threefold: to determine whether a shared cultural model of the importance of a set of leisure activities to a good leisure life existed in urban Taiwan, the degree to which cultural consonance in leisure mediates the relationship between leisure constraints and leisure satisfaction, and the degree to which leisure satisfaction affects life satisfaction and self-rated health. Results indicate that a cultural model of the importance of leisure activities to a good leisure life existed among sample members. Second, higher levels of self-reported participation in leisure activities that are culturally agreed upon as more important for a good leisure life are more strongly associated with leisure satisfaction than are activities culturally agreed upon as less important. Finally, leisure satisfaction strongly predicts both life satisfaction and self-rated health.