论数学建模思想在高等数学教学中的渗透

高等数学是工科学生的必修课，数学建模是提高学生综合素质，锻炼分析问题能力和动手能力的一种高级形式。在高等数学教学中融入数学建模思想是搞好高等数学教学，充分发挥数学重要作用的有效手段和途径。     

Daily income target effects: Evidence from a large sample of professional commodities traders

We provide evidence of rational reference-dependent preferences in the proprietary trading of professional traders. We find increased trading effort and risk taking by traders following morning losses. Further analysis provides no evidence of a deterioration in trading performance subsequent to losses, as neither risk-adjusted performance nor trade execution appear to be negatively affected by prior losses. The evidence supports the existence of rational reference-dependent preferences in the form of trader daily income targets: these professional traders exhibit increased work effort subsequent to abnormal morning losses. The evidence is inconsistent with the alternative explanation of costly loss aversion.     

Spatial Economic Analysis in Data‐Rich Environments

Controlling for spatial effects in micro‐level studies of consumer and producer behaviour necessitates a range of analytical modifications. These range from modest changes in data collection and the definition of variables to dramatic changes in the modelling of consumer and producer decision‐making. This paper discusses conceptual, empirical and data issues involved in modelling the spatial aspects of economic behaviour in data‐rich environments. Attention is given to established and emerging agricultural economic applications of spatial data and spatial econometric methods at the micro‐scale. Recent applications of individual and household data are featured, including models of land‐use change at the urban–rural interface, agricultural land values, and technological change and technology adoption.     

The impact of the Internet on human activity–travel patterns: analysis of gender differences using multi-group structural equation models

The widespread use of the Internet for conducting various types of activities may be leading to considerable change in people’s activity–travel patterns. Past studies, however, have left many issues unaddressed. Using an Internet-activity diary dataset and multi-group structural equation modeling, this study examines the complex interactions between different types of Internet and physical activities, with a special focus on gender differences and Internet maintenance and leisure activities. The results indicate that the impacts of Internet activities on people’s activity–travel patterns are significantly different across gender. In general, Internet use for maintenance purposes has a greater impact on women’s activity–travel in the physical world, while Internet use for leisure purposes affects men’s physical activities and travel to a greater extent. Further, breaking Internet activities down into different categories reveals some hidden patterns that would not have been detected if these different types of Internet activities were lumped together as a single category.     

How CEO hubris affects corporate social (ir)responsibility

Grounded in the upper echelons perspective and stakeholder theory, this study establishes a link between CEO hubris and corporate social responsibility (CSR). We first develop the theoretical argument that CEO hubris is negatively related to a firm's socially responsible activities but positively related to its socially irresponsible activities. We then explore the boundary conditions of hubris effects and how these relationships are moderated by resource dependence mechanisms. With a longitudinal dataset of S&P 1500 index firms for the period 2001–2010, we find that the relationship between CEO hubris and CSR is weakened when the firm depends more on stakeholders for resources, such as when its internal resource endowments are diminished as indicated by firm size and slack, and when the external market becomes more uncertain and competitive. The implications of our findings for upper echelons theory and the CSR research are discussed. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于ISM的可达矩阵的简便算法

解释结构模型化技术是最基本、最具特色的系统结构模型化技术,求可达矩阵又是建立递阶结构模型(ISM)中最重要的一步,本文基于ISM有向图,根据布尔代数运算规则,阐述一种更简便的由邻接矩阵求可达矩阵的新算法。本文与Warshall算法作对比,体现出该新算法的简便之处。该算法以后也可以实现计算机化。     

低地板有轨电车可靠性分配及应用

可靠性分配时保证低地板有轨电车整车可靠性水平的重要任务之一。比例组合法多用于平台化设计的设备或系统可靠性分配工作,首先明确故障定义,进行功能分解,建立模型,最后将指标分配至各子系统,使得设计人员和供应商明确可靠性设计要求。     

Position limit for the CSI 300 stock index futures market

The aim of this study was to find the optimal position limit for the Chinese stock index (CSI) 300 futures market. A low position limit helps to prevent price manipulations in the spot market, and thus keeps the magnitude of instantaneous price changes within the tolerance range of policymakers. However, setting a position limit that is too low may also have negative effects on market quality. We propose an artificial limit order market with heterogeneous interacting agents to examine the impact of different levels of position limits on market quality, measured as liquidity, return volatility, efficiency of information dissemination, and trading welfare. The simulation model is based on realistic trading mechanisms, investor structure, and order submission behavior observed in the CSI 300 futures market.Our results show that on the basis of the liquidity status in September 2010, raising the position limit from 100 to 300 could significantly improve market quality and at the same time keep the maximum absolute price change per 5 s below the 2% tolerance level. However, the improvement becomes only marginal if the position limit is further increased beyond 300. Therefore, we believe that raising the position limit to a moderate level can enhance the functionality of the CSI 300 futures market, which should benefit the development of the Chinese financial system.     

广东省旅游业依赖度与经济增长关系的空间态势

运用面板数据的计量分析法,以广东省21个地级市、珠三角、东翼、西翼和山区为基本分析单元,利用2000—2011年旅游业依赖度、经济增长等多个指标面板数据,从不同的空间尺度对旅游业依赖度与经济增长关系进行分析,并探讨其形成机制。研究表明:广东省和山区旅游业依赖度与经济增长之间呈现倒U型曲线关系,其他三个区域二者关系并不显著;采用固定效应模型分析二者关系成因,发现对旅游业依赖达到一定程度时,旅游业对制造业产生抑制作用,导致"荷兰病效应",对技术创新投入水平产生挤出效应,增加政府干预,弱化制度质量,其中阻碍制造业发展是最主要的传导途径,但旅游业发展会促进人力资本和物质资本投入水平的提高。最后,结合得出的结论,提出发展意见。     

Long‐run Effect of the Global Financial Crisis on Singapore's Tourism and the Economy

This study employs recent Singaporean tourism survey data, the updated Singaporean input–output tables and a computable general equilibrium model to gauge the long‐run effects of the 2008 global financial crisis and selected policy responses. The simulation results suggest that the global financial crisis has had mild negative long‐run effects on the overall development of Singapore's economy, and that the GST deduction policy ought to offset this negative effect.