Merit and Evaluation Models for Managers in the National Health System： An Empirical Study

The national health system （NHS） complexity increase requires a review of the managerial human resources evaluation and recruiting methods, considering that nowadays doctors need to improve not just their clinical capabilities, but also managerial competences. At this end it is important to develop performances control models and to identify appropriate results indicators, with the aim of introducing an effective doctors selection system for managerial roles. The paper considers the Italian situation and tests the current evaluation and selection methods, by analysing the literature and the existing legislation and by interviewing experts. Moreover, in order to reach an innovative model, complex organizations have been taken into account as benchmarks. Three different categories of experts have been interviewed and texted： national health care organizations managers, companies managers, and business consultants. The 137 interviewed experts have been asked about four main questions concerning the evaluation for hiring managers as chief medical director, department director, and head of complex units. The conducted research suggests four different options in order to evaluate and to select heads of complex unit for the most strategic roles. By consequence, the analysis shows that required characteristics must be managerial attitudes as well as clinical capabilities.     

河南省林果业循环经济发展趋势

河南作为国家发改委确定的循环经济建设试点省份,近年来积极探索适合该省省情的循环经济发展模式,取得了一定成效,但同时也存在发展水平不高、区域发展不均衡等问题。文章就河南省林果业循环经济发展的优势、必要性、存在的问题及未来发展趋势进行简要的分析与探讨。该文指出了河南林果业循环经济发展面临的问题:一是林果业循环经济基础发展薄弱;二是循环经济相关法律有待完善,政府调节作用有待加强。对于未来河南林果业循环经济发展趋势,一是需要政府协调引导,形成发展合力;二是需要龙头企业带动,延长产业链条;三是需要农户积极参与,践行循环经济。让更多农户掌握生态林果栽培技术,将更多新技术与高效节能新装备与产品推广下去,促进林果业循环经济在更广阔的范围开展下去,让循环经济真正深入人心,实现河南林果业种植地区户户参与、人人参与的良好局面。     

创新驱动下中国区域高质量发展——基于平衡充分发展水平的门槛分析

创新驱动是破解中国区域不平衡不充分发展的突破口,是实现高质量发展的助推器。采用2003—2017年中国30个省市(因数据缺失,不包括西藏地区和港澳台地区)面板数据,运用全局参比Malmquist模型测度了中国区域高质量发展水平,并通过构建指标体系分别对中国各省市的平衡发展和充分发展水平进行了评价,然后通过门槛回归模型分析了在不同平衡和充分发展水平下创新驱动对于高质量发展的影响机制。结果发现:①区域高质量发展水平呈现出先下降后上升的变化趋势;②各省市平衡和充分发展水平均呈现上升趋势,但各省市之间的变化情况差异较大,有明显的空间集聚特征;③在不同的平衡及充分发展水平下,创新驱动对高质量发展的影响机制是不同的,当平衡充分发展水平较低时,创新驱动对高质量发展没有显著影响;当平衡充分发展达到一定水平时,创新驱动对高质量发展起到一定的促进作用;随着平衡充分发展水平的进一步提高,创新驱动对高质量发展的促进作用越来越大。     

“低碳旅游”视野下的湖南省旅游产品开发研究

旅游业是低碳产业,发展低碳旅游是旅游业可持续发展的内在要求,是湖南省旅游业发展的必然选择。构建符合低碳、＂两型＂要求的低碳旅游产品体系,充实旅游产品要素低碳内涵,近期重点培育自行车骑行体验之旅、生态漂流探险之旅、森林休闲度假之旅、地质科考探险之旅、温泉养生休闲之旅、乡村观光体验之旅、拓展训练之旅等7个低碳旅游精品,积极策划壶瓶山湖南屋脊生态漂流、张家界森林公园、红石林地质探险、灰汤温泉城、百里侗文化长廊、＂中国银都＂工业观光、坐龙峡探险、军规训练营地等8个低碳旅游重点开发项目。     

文化如何成为经济学研究的对象

经济学研究对象经历了从纯客观物质变量向客观物质与主观精神结合的变量以至最终向纯主观精神变量逐次递进的扩展过程。文化精神通过影响经济行为主体的行为选择从而对微观经济运行和宏观经济发展产生重要影响。作为一种主观精神要素,文化精神曾经长期被主流经济学排斥在经验实证理论体系之外。经过诺斯、舒尔茨等人搭建的曲折理论通道,文化精神最终进入了经济学研究的核心概念范式集,成为经济学家分析不同国家、区域经济发展差异存在原因的不可或缺的一个基本理论视角。文化精神对经济的作用则主要表现为导向作用、激励作用、规约作用三个方面。     

Technology Strategies For Economic Development In A Fast Changing Global Economy

East Asian development experience provides the basis for understanding which are the essential elements of effective technology strategy and policy, those that are required for the efficacious development of countries that have not yet embarked on a path of sustained modernization. Globalization has had a profound impact on development, enabling countries that could exploit its propelling forces to pursue a potent strategy of export-led economic and technological development. The policies needed to sustain this strategy are those required to foster institutions that permit effective commerce among economic agents, those necessary to generate the rapid accumulation of human and physical capital, and those essential to ensure that resources are allocated in accord with the economy's dynamic comparative advantage. Of crucial importance among the latter are effectively implemented policies of selective intervention designed to develop infant industries and to foster their fast-paced achievement of international competitiveness through rapid attainment of the requisite technological capabilities.     

低生育稳定期:中国特色的人口转变阶段

从人口转变角度审视和分析当前中国人口发展的形势,提出中国的人口转变有一个独特的阶段,即低生育稳定期。分析了低生育稳定期的阶段性特征。这个时期问题复杂,趋向明朗,是主要矛盾转换期和生育政策调整期。还分析了这一时期中国人口发展战略目标的转换及相应的对策。     

农地流转的经济效应及其空间溢出——基于“三化”发展的视角

利用2005—2010年中国31个省(自治区、直辖市)的农地流转、"三化"发展与经济发展数据,构建了考虑空间因素的计量模型,验证了农地流转的经济效应及其空间溢出。主要研究结论如下:农地流转通过影响工业化、农业现代化和农村劳动力转移间接促进地区经济增长,并且跨期内存在空间效应、本期内没有空间效应;本地区的经济发展对周边地区的农地流转强度存在较强的空间依赖;农地流转对粮食主产区、粮食主销区的经济增长具有不同的空间效应,在粮食主产区的农地流转对地区经济增长具有更强的直接和间接拉动效应,而粮食主销区农地流转的影响则相对较弱。     

Institutions for private sector development and pro‐poor growth: Evidence from Vietnam

Using the Vietnam Household Living Standards Survey 2008, we explore the differences in pro‐poor growth performance in provinces in Vietnam according to the quality of the provinces’ institutions that support private sector activity. We exploit the localized and varying effect of French colonial legacy across Vietnamese provinces to address the endogeneity of institutions. We find strong and robust evidence of a positive effect of good‐quality institutions that support private sector activity on pro‐poor growth and that enhanced working hours and hourly wage and extended income from non‐farm self‐employment play critical roles in this outcome.     

生产性服务业推动制造业发展的实证分析

文章在对生产性服务业推动制造业发展和升级进行理论分析的基础上,运用计量经济方法从两方面分析了我国服务业尤其是生产性服务业对制造业发展的推动作用。第一,为说明服务业发展对制造业发展的促进作用,研究了各省 （市、区） 制造业增加值与服务业总体增加值以及交通运输仓储和邮政业、金融业、批发和零售业等服务行业增加值的关系。第二,为进一步说明生产性服务业投入作为重要的中间投入对制造业发展的促进作用,研究了北京各工业行业增加值与流通服务、信息服务、金融服务、商务服务、科技服务五个生产性服务业投入的关系。计量经济分析支持服务业对制造业发展具有积极作用和生产性服务投入对制造业发展具有积极作用的原假设。但个别变量不显著,也表明服务业对制造业的推动作用尚未充分发挥出来。这为进一步促进我国生产性服务业发展并以其推动制造业发展升级提供了依据。文章相应提出了对策建议。