The Optimal Perception of Inflation Persistence is Zero

This study shows that, in an economy with inflation persistence, it is always welfare improving for a central bank that operates under discretion to behave as if there were no inflation persistence. Under reasonable assumptions about inflation persistence, all of the inefficiency associated with discretionary policymaking is then removed.     

Earnings attributes and investor-protection: International evidence

This study explores the effects of investor-protection on reported earnings quality assessed on the basis of four accounting-based earnings attributes (accruals quality, earnings persistence, earnings predictability, and earnings smoothness). We test the hypothesis that favorable values of each earnings attribute (considered individually) occur in countries whose institutional characteristics provide relatively strong investor-protection. The results based on K-means cluster analysis of institutional characteristics are mixed. Earnings smoothness is less prevalent in strong investor-protection countries, as hypothesized. However both accruals quality and earnings predictability are better in countries whose institutional characteristics are relatively weak. No association is found between investor-protection and earnings persistence, except that countries with low ownership concentration appear to have high earnings persistence. The results based on regression analysis are consistent with those based on the cluster analysis. These results imply that conclusions about the impact of institutional characteristics on earnings quality depend on how earnings quality is measured.     

The impact of persistence with therapy on inpatient admissions and emergency room visits in the US among patients with multiple sclerosis

Objective:

Disease-modifying therapy (DMT) for multiple sclerosis (MS) can reduce relapses and delay progression; however, poor adherence and persistence with DMT can result in sub-optimal outcomes. The associations between DMT adherence and persistence and inpatient admissions and emergency room (ER) visits were investigated.

Methods:

Patients with MS who initiated a DMT in a US administrative claims database were followed for 1 year. Persistence to initiated DMT was measured as the time from DMT initiation to discontinuation (a gap of >60 days without drug ‘on hand’) or end of 1-year follow-up. Adherence to initiated DMT was measured during the persistent period and was operationalized as the medication possession ratio (MPR). Patients with an MPR <0.80 were considered non-adherent. Claims during the 1-year follow-up period were evaluated for the presence of an all-cause inpatient admission or an ER visit. Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) for inpatient admission or ER visit comparing persistent vs non-persistent and adherent vs non-adherent patients were estimated using logistic regression models adjusted for patient characteristics.

Results:

The final sample included 16,218 patients. During the 1-year follow-up period, 35.3% of patients discontinued their initiated DMT and 13.9% were not adherent while on therapy. During that same period, 10.0% of patients had an inpatient admission and 24.9% had an ER visit. The likelihoods of inpatient admission and ER visit were significantly decreased in persistent patients (AOR [95% CI]?=?0.50 [0.45, 0.56] and 0.65 [0.60, 0.69], respectively) and in adherent patients (AOR [95% CI]?=?0.83 [0.71, 0.97] and 0.86 [0.77, 0.95], respectively).

Conclusions:

Persistence and adherence with initiated DMT are associated with decreased likelihoods of inpatient admission or ER visit, which may translate to improved clinical outcomes.     

高息委托借款与企业盈利能力研究——以盈余持续性和价值相关性为视角

从高息委托贷款活动不可持续性、项目风险性等特点出发,讨论了这类活动对企业会计信息质量的影响。研究发现,高息委托贷款存续期间的企业有着较低的盈余持续性。进一步分析表明,较低盈余持续性主要来源于营业利润持续性较低。同时盈余价值相关性分析显示,高息委托贷款组的企业,营业利润的价值相关性较低,营业外利润并没有更高的价值相关性,以上证据说明,对于投资者而言,高息委托贷款的收益并未带来实质上对企业股价看法的改变。     

基于现金流的上市公司盈余质量分析

上市公司的经营业绩历来被公司各方利益相关者密切关注。然而由于我国众多上市公司存在着盈余管理甚至利润操纵行为,使得以净利润为核心的财务评价指标无法反映公司的真实业绩情况。由此,基于现金流的盈余质量分析孕育而生。文中从现金流的角度对上市公司盈余质量分析提出一些建议,希望对正确认识企业盈余质量有所帮助。     

我国上市公司经营净现金流量的增量价值相关性的实证研究

本文运用报酬回归模型对上市公司在年度报告中所披露的经营活动所产生的净现金流量的增量信息含量进行定量研究,借此对《企业会计准则-现金流量表》实施的经济后果提供经验证据,从而对会计改革的效果做出实证性的评估。研究结果发现,我国上市公司所披露的会计盈余信息不仅对投资者来说是有用的,而且上市公司所披露的现金流量表中经营净现金流量也具有增量价值相关性。     

会计变更对企业盈余管理影响的实证研究

会计变更会对企业的利润产生影响,而目前我国企业对会计变更的披露还不够完善,这为企业通过会计变更来操纵企业利润提供了方便。本文对会计变更对企业盈余管理的影响进行了实证研究,指出会计变更对企业财务状况和经营成果有着重大影响,会计变更信息披露不规范的现状亟待改善。     

公司治理的理论基础及制度安排

本文认为,由于契约的不完备性导致剩余索取权和剩余控制权的存在,使得公司治理成为必要。理论上公司治理是剩余控制权和剩余索取权要有对应的企业制度安排;实践中公司治理是指董事会等结构安排,包括独立董事、内部审计的任命、授权,以及恰当的股权结构安排等。     

上市公司股利收益率分析

本文以1998～2002年所有发行A股的上市公司为样本,对我国上市公司流通股股东加权平均的现金股利收益率进行了分析,并与西方工业化国家和新兴市场国家进行对比,发现我国上市公司流通股股东股利收益率过低,并从股权割裂、派现意识、流通股股东高成本投资和上市公司盈利能力等方面对股利收益率低的原因进行了分析。     

对新农村建设引入生态环境质量评价的探讨

新农村建设涉及自然环境和社会经济两大系统,具有复杂性特征。文章分析了在新农村建设中引入生态环境质量评价的重要性和可行性,并综合分析了生态环境质量评价的标准、内容和评价方法,同时提出了进行生态环境质量评价应注意的问题,阐明了在新农村引入生态环境质量评价,有利于三农问题的解决,是维护生态平衡、实现农村经济的可持续发展。