The Effects of Moral Reasoning and Self-Monitoring on CFO Intentions to Report Fraudulently on Financial Statements

This study adapts the theory of reasoned action (Ajzen and Fishbein, 1980) to the behavior of fraudulent reporting on financial statements so as to examine the effects of moral reasoning and self-monitoring on intention to report fraudulently, using structural equation modeling. The paper seeks to investigate two of the red flags for financial statement fraud identified in Loebbecke et al.'s (1989) paper: client management displays a significant lack of moral fiber and client personnel exhibit strong personality anomalies. As expected, high moral reasoners are more influenced than low moral reasoners by their own attitude towards the behavior. Contrary to prior research, low self-monitors are found to be more influenced than high self-monitors by subjective norms. Future research is recommended to investigate the counter-intuitive results for self-monitors, to consider the implications of group decision making as regards the promulgation of fraudulent financial statements, and to examine additional red flags for financial statement fraud.     

金融控股公司的风险状况与监管模式效能分析

在金融控股公司日益显露其强大竞争力的同时,也不断暴露出它所面临的风险。无论其潜在的内部和外部风险,最终都将带来巨大的社会影响,而适合的监管模式则可以进行有效地控制风险,但是不同的监管模式效能差异也不同     

Where Do Financial Constraints Originate from? An Empirical Analysis of Adverse Selection and Moral Hazard in Capital Markets

Despite the voluminous and growing literature on financial constraints, the origins of the constraints are hardly ever empirically analyzed. This paper offers such an analysis. We study, in particular, the empirical prevalence of adverse selection and moral hazard in capital markets using a unique survey data on Finnish small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The survey data suggest that adverse selection is empirically more prevalent than moral hazard in the capital markets that the SMEs face. We also find that of the variables indicating the presence of adverse selection and moral hazard, the former has more explanatory power in regressions modeling the availability of external finance to the SMEs than the latter. Finally, we document that our proxies for adverse selection and moral hazard are inversely related to the age of firms, just like Peter Diamond’s (1989) model predicts.     

The influence of consumer socialisation in the home on gender differences in financial literacy

The lower level of financial literacy amongst females relative to males has been well documented in the literature. There has however been a less than compelling argument constructed as to why this discrepancy occurs. This article introduces findings showing the influence the home, particularly financial discussions in the home, has on the financial literacy levels of children and young adults. A key finding is that males have their first financial discussion in the home at a younger age than females on average, with this differential statistically significant across students of differing socioeconomic status. For males, the age of the child when they have their first financial discussion in the home influences their financial literacy levels some years later at university, even accounting for other variables such as socioeconomic status. The findings of this article suggest that financial socialisation in the home may be subject to a gender bias, which over time contributes to differential financial literacy knowledge levels between the genders.     

广东省财政投资对经济增长拉动效应的实证分析

随着经济的不断发展,财政投资对经济增长的作用日益显著,然而财政投资是否对经济增长具有促进作用,一直以来是国际经济学界争论的焦点。选取1998—2013年广东省财政投资和GDP等数据,运用误差修正模型实证分析广东省财政投资对经济增长的作用。结果表明,广东省财政投资对经济增长具有拉动效应。     

Unpacking the interplay between organisational factors and the economic environment in the creation of consumer vulnerability

ABSTRACT

Access to credit is a key enabler of modern life. Yet many consumers face factors beyond their control which sometimes render them unable to borrow from mainstream lenders. This paper documents how firm-related factors determine lending thresholds and shape who is, or is not, a creditworthy customer. The impact of the 2008 economic recession on lending decisions is explored, an aspect that has been insufficiently discussed even though recessions are cyclical events. Drawing on semiotics and using multiple case studies, the study captures not only the groups that were excluded but also the reasons for exclusion. Empirical support is offered for the notion of vulnerability as a fluid state and the role of the timing of decisions as a source of vulnerability is described.     

农业污染防治的财政与市场补偿机制

农业污染防治的补偿机制涉及财政与市场两个方面。文章全面分析了农业污染防治补偿机制的内涵以及补偿资金来源、补偿标准、被补偿者识别和补偿方式,为我国农业污染防治的补偿机制建设提供了决策参考。     

Comparing Big Givers and Small Givers: Financial Correlates of Corporate Philanthropy

In a departure from the traditional studies of corporate philanthropy that focus on board composition, advertising, and social networks, the authors investigate the financial correlates of corporate philanthropy. The research design controls for firm size and industry while observing firms from a variety of industries. The sample contains matched pairs of generous and less generous corporate givers. The authors find, as hypothesized, a positive relationship between a firm's cash resources available and cash donations, but no significant relationship between corporate philanthropy and firm financial performance, regardless of whether corporate philanthropy is measured as cash payouts or the aggregate contributions that charities actually receive, and regardless of whether financial performance is gauged using accounting measures or market measures. Whereas the link between available resources and corporate philanthropy is well accepted in the literature on corporate social responsibility, it has been rarely tested and never so definitively found as in this research.     

试论我国的金融可持续发展

实现中国经济的可持续发展,必须首先保证金融可持续发展。由于我国对金融发展存在着种种的限制和约束,使得金融的整体水平不高,缺乏发展的后劲。树立正确的金融发展观,合理的开发和配置金融资源,促进金融资源的永续利用,是使我国金融走向可持续发展之路的必然选择。     

从经济增长理论看经济全球化中的金融趋同

新古典增长理论不能合理解释经济增长的趋同,围绕增长趋同之谜,内生增长理论从不同的角度展开了分析与探讨。金融是经济的核心,实体经济与金融经济存在着明显的区别,金融趋同是全球化背景下的显著现象。金融趋同受一定条件的制约,开放经济条件下金融趋同有多种实现路径。