从福利经济学的角度看生态系统服务功能

生态系统服务功能与人类福利之间存在着密切的联系。深入认识生态系统服务功能与人类福利之间的相互联系与相互作用,对于保护和持续利用生态系统服务功能,提高人类的福利,促进经济社会的可持续发展具有重要的意义。本文基于联合国“新千年生态系统评估”(Millennium Ecosystem Assessment,MEA)项目的最新成果．系统分析了生态系统服务的内涵,从福利经济学的角度分析了生态系统服务与人类福利之间的关系,探讨了恢复和提高生态系统服务功能的主要措施。     

政府推进循环经济发展的职能研究

发展循环经济是政府的必然选择和迫切任务,探讨政府推进循环经济发展的职能有着十分重要的意义。本文从循环经济运行结果的外部性和运行条件的规模性两个方面分析了政府推进循环经济发展的必要性,由此分析了政府在推进循环经济发展过程主要承担制度建立和条件保证两大类职能及其具体内容。     

产品寿命周期理论与标准化工作的探讨

根据实现带全局意义的两个根本性转变的要求，阐述了应用产品寿命周期理论对企业标准化工作的作用和意义。     

Three Corrected Score Tests for Generalized Linear Models with Dispersion Covariates

We develop three corrected score tests for generalized linear models with dispersion covariates, thus generalizing the results of Cordeiro , Ferrari and Paula (1993) and Cribari-Neto and Ferrari (1995) . We present, in matrix notation, general formulae for the coefficients which define the corrected statistics. The formulae only require simple operations on matrices and can be used to obtain analytically closed-form corrections for score test statistics in a variety of special generalized linear models with dispersion covariates. They also have advantages for numerical purposes since our formulae are readily computable using a language supporting numerical linear algebra. Two examples, namely, iid sampling without covariates on the mean or dispersion parameter oand one-way classification models, are given. We also present some simulations where the three corrected tests perform better than the usual score test, the likelihood ratio test and its Bartlett corrected version. Finally, we present a numerical example for a data set discussed by Simonoff and Tsai (1994) .     

武汉大旅游圈的构建与发展模式研究

在迈向２１世纪的关键时期，武汉市提出了建设国际性城市的战略目标。旅游业在实现这个战略目标中的地位、作用以及特定的意义日益引起广泛的关注。本文对武汉市旅游业的发展战略模式──大旅游图的构建要素、职能特点等进行了分析，提出了武汉大旅游圈功能结构和空间结构的具体拓展方案。     

Parallel Neutrality

This paper develops the notion of parallel-neutral technical change for inputs and outputs. It is shown that parallel-neutral technical change generalizes existing radial notions of neutral technical change. A taxonomy of the structural consequences of parallel-neutral technical change is developed.     

Why Skew Selection, a Model of Parental Exploitation, Should Replace Kin Selection

Synopsis In his 1964 paper, William Hamilton wrote that inclusive fitness trumps direct fitness if, and only if, the effect of interactions among siblings on their parent’s fitness is ‘zero’. Kin selection models have succeeded only because they have ignored the fact that, if an altruist dies saving two siblings, the ‘zero impact on their parent’s fitness’ constraint is violated. Imagine a parent with three offspring. If two offspring drown, parental fitness is 1. On the other hand, if one altruistic offspring dies saving its two drowning siblings, parental fitness doubles to 2. Thus, direct fitness trumps inclusive fitness as an explanation for the evolution of altruism. In other words, parents that produce some portion of altruistic offspring willing to die to save some of their siblings (who would die without the intervention of the altruist) will realize greater fitness than parents producing no altruists. Skew selection, a bioeconomic extension of Michael Ghiselin’s (1974) parental exploitation model, is presented to explain the evolution of altruism from a direct fitness point of view.     

应对国外反倾销：民间商会不能缺位

面对国外对中国出口商品愈演愈烈的反倾销之势,有效发挥民间商会组织的优势与职能,给企业以依托, 已是打赢反倾销战的关键。因此,应鼓励和加大民间商会的建设力度,利用其特点与优势,充分发挥其职能,以在应对国外反倾销中居于有利地位。     

Monotonicity of Rank Statistics in some Non–parametric: Testing Problems

For some non–parametric testing problems (one–sided two–sample problem, k –sample trend problem, testing independence against positive dependence) a partial ordering, denoted by ≥, over the alternatives is defined. This partial ordering expresses the strength of the deviation from the null–hypothesis. All familiar rank tests turn out to become more powerful under "increasing" alternatives; that is, all familiar rank statistics preserve the ordering stochastically in samples whenever it is present between underlying distributions. As a tool, the sample equivalence of ≥ is introduced as a partial ordering over pairs of permutations. Functions, defined on pairs of permutations, which preserve this ordering are studied.     

外化财务会计职能的研究与分析

本文在剖析会计造假原因的基础上,指出只有外化企业财务会计职能、分割会计人员与管理当局利益依附关系,才能从根本上解决会计造假的难题。同时提出了企业财务会计职能外化应具备的技术和法律保障条件,并设计了以电子数据交换平台为中心的基本运行程序。