What drives technology transitions? An integration of different approaches within transition studies

This paper aims to provide a deeper understanding of transition drivers by reviewing four major strands of inquiry in transition studies: Multi Level Perspective (MLP); Strategic Niche Management (SNM); Transition Management (TM); Technological Innovation Systems (TIS). To the best of our knowledge, none of these contributions have so far provided a clear-cut classification of main drivers of transitions, as evidenced by the difficulty of practitioners in reaching goals as entrepreneurs, or policy makers in supporting economic growth. We believe that these theoretical streams share views relating the origin and drivers of transitions and that the analysis of the multi-level developments and systemic sub-processes by using the Integrative Propositional Analysis (IPA) allows for a more comprehensive identification of transition drivers. By mapping causal relationships within each perspective and by developing an integrative framework that takes in due account of overlaps between theories, we derived a new conceptual structure for the identification of transitions’ drivers.     

克鲁格曼、诺贝尔经济学奖与经济地理学发展

文章对克鲁格曼的经济地理学思想从贸易理论与区位理论相融合,从规模收益递增、要素流动和运输成本揭示空间集聚,从历史、预期和路径依赖揭示区域发展路径,以量化模拟研究区际关系等四方面进行了分析.从研究视角、研究范式和研究方法三方面分析了克鲁格曼创新研究对经济地理学的启迪.从学科社会地位、研究范式和发展方向三方面分析了克鲁格曼获得诺贝尔经济学奖对经济地理学的影响.在此基础上,对中国经济地理学发展提出了一些思考.     

消费者自我控制:文献评述与研究展望

本文对消费者自我控制的相关研究成果进行了回顾,比较了偏好随时间不一致、热(情感)—冷(认知)处理机制、自我消耗、思维方式、过度自我控制及理由启发式等各种理论学派对消费者自我控制的界定、测量、起因、影响因素等方面的不同研究,从而对消费者自我控制的相关研究成果进行了系统梳理、总结与讨论,最后提出了在中国社会文化背景下进行消费者自我控制研究的设想与展望。     

马克思主义城乡关系理论中国化的未来走向

在对马克思主义城乡关系理论的基本内容进行简要概括,并对新中国60年马克思主义城乡关系理论中国化历史进程简单回顾的基础上,从目标取向、基本要求、具体体现、必然选择、时代特色等几个方面指出了马克思主义城乡关系理论中国化的未来走向。     

我国石油战略储备体系建设的若干思考

石油战略储备是关系到我国国家安全的重大问题。一方面,要建立和完善实物储备或现货储备,即讨论和呼声较高的石油战略储备,进一步完善相关制度设计;另一方面,还应抓紧建设战略储备体系的短板——石油期货储备。通过建立石油期货市场,加快推进石油期货交易,把金融安全与石油安全合并考虑,把石油现货储备、期货储备与外汇储备密切结合起来,建立外汇储备与石油储备的转换机制,使我国规模庞大的外汇储备服从、服务于国家的经济安全,提高国家的石油保障能力,从根本上保障我国的石油安全。     

浅析新形势下澳大利亚养老基金改革

澳大利亚三大支柱养老保障模式拥有多层次的养老保障基金保证其制度的顺利运行.但是,人口老龄化和全球金融危机为其将来的顺利发展提出了严峻的挑战.为此,澳大利亚政府一方面推出一系列措施对超级年金进行改革,另一方面建立未来基金,专门应对预期可能出现的养老保障资金不足的风险.这些措施值得各国借鉴和学习.     

Four scenarios for nanotechnologies in the UK, 2011–2020

The future social value of nanoscale science and technology (NST) has been repeatedly represented as revolutionary. However, government and industry support for the commercialisation of NST has to confront four key areas of uncertainty: concerning potential hazards associated with applications, commercial viability, public acceptance and evolving regulation. Academic and policy responses have to date largely emphasised the need for adaptive and anticipatory regulation, yet research which evaluates the prospects of success in implementing such measures has so far been lacking. This paper contributes to remedying this lack by examining difficulties and opportunities which may arise around this regulatory agenda in the UK, with the aid of a ‘policy Delphi’ exercise undertaken with a multi-stakeholder panel. It summarises four scenarios to aid policy-makers and technology strategists in the UK and internationally in thinking through how the future of NST innovation may be affected by factors associated with the aforementioned areas of uncertainty.     

英语读写素质研究中的二元理论分析

英语读写素质是习得读写能力并形成读写体验的过程。读写素质主要由分析能力、结合社会文化能力、话语分类能力、读写实践能力、记忆能力、情感反应、思辨能力和隐喻理解能力等因素构成。本文首先应用二元理论中的集对分析理论分析了句子、语法和词语,英语句子具有同异性,英语语法中时态的相关性均有特定的语法表征手段,英语词语是一种约定俗成的语言单位常常附衍了一串同义词、近义词和反义词。如果用联系数来描述词语的相关度,它同时也反映出了词语的思想丰度。本文还运用博弈理论和悖论分析文章的含义及价值,最后应用模糊二元对比排序法对英语读写素质各因素进行分析,通过分析确定了各因素的重要度,将其应用于读写素质研究中具有积极作用并具一定的发展潜力。     

Empirical studies of trade marks – The existing economic literature

This paper surveys empirical studies employing trade mark data that exist in the economic literature to date. In the introductory section we summarise the theory of trade marks. Section 2 documents the use of trade marks by firms of different size and industry and by firms in several advanced countries, including Australia, the UK, and the USA. Section 3 reviews various attempts to gauge the function of a trade mark as an indicator of innovation and product differentiation. Section 4 surveys studies that have demonstrated firms' incentives to use trade marks, including transferring information to consumers, realising synergies between different types of intellectual property rights, strategies to raise rivals' costs and using trade mark portfolios as debt collateral. In Section 5, we provide an overview of the importance of trade-mark-use for firm survival and the association of trade marks with several dimensions of firm performance, including productivity and their ability to generate well-paid jobs.     

证券期货业标准体系构建研究

随着标准在证券期货市场中的重要性越来越显著,建立证券期货行业标准体系对全面指导行业标准化工作,规范、协调、支撑和保障行业全面可持续发展,具有重要的理论指导与实践意义。文章通过对证券期货行业标准体系的构建进行初步探讨,分析了标准体系建设的重要性,阐述了标准体系建设的基本原则、目标与方法,着重介绍了行业标准体系框架分类,最后对体系实施建设做了简要的说明。