中国地区经济增长差距的成因分析

通过综合现有的经济理论并结合中国经济实际，建立储蓄增长、投资增长与经济增长关系的理论模型，同时采用Ｇｒａｎｇｅｒ因果检测检验各地区三者间关系，并与模型结论比较。结果表明，东部地区的三者关系与模型结论基本一致，即投资增长、经济增长及储蓄增长间存在良性循环；而中部地区投资效率低下、西部地区资本供给不足，致使中西部经济中的三者良性循环被迫中断或被低水平恶性循环取代，从而导致地区经济差距急剧扩大。     

中国农村贫困地区脱贫与经济增长要素分析

通过对河南33个经济不发达县有关数据的统计分析，可以得出资本、劳动力和土地三个投入要素对农业产出的贡献率。结合当地扶贫资金和扶贫专项贷款使用落实情况统计资料、劳动力状况和后备土地资源统计资料，我们详细分析了贫困地区这三个要素对经济增长和脱贫的作用，以及这三要素之间的相互替代关系，重点强调资本投入及资本投向对于贫困地区脱贫及经济发展的重要性。     

中美贸易背后的利益分析

文章首先介绍了中美贸易的不平衡发展，然后重点分析了在中美贸易中的贸易利益流向和对双方的经济影响，进而找到解决此问题的积极可行的对策。     

The role of banks in CESEE countries: exploring non-standard determinants of economic growth

This paper explores the finance–growth nexus in 14 countries from Central, Eastern and South-eastern Europe (CESEE) over the 1995–2015 period. It investigates whether including two ‘non-standard’ variables, i.e. a credit cycle dummy and foreign bank relevance, deepens our understanding of the role of a typical financial determinant of economic growth, i.e. bank credit. We find evidence of a negative impact of bank credit on economic growth and the significance of cyclical fluctuations of bank credit. In contrast, a higher market share of loans granted by foreign-owned banks in a cyclical upswing and stock market capitalisation are found to have a proactive effect on growth.     

Do Institutions Cause Growth?

We revisit the debate over whether political institutions cause economic growth, or whether, alternatively, growth and human capital accumulation lead to institutional improvement. We find that most indicators of institutional quality used to establish the proposition that institutions cause growth are constructed to be conceptually unsuitable for that purpose. We also find that some of the instrumental variable techniques used in the literature are flawed. Basic OLS results, as well as a variety of additional evidence, suggest that (a) human capital is a more basic source of growth than are the institutions, (b) poor countries get out of poverty through good policies, often pursued by dictators, and (c) subsequently improve their political institutions.     

Persistence of Shocks to Output in Austria and Theories of Economic Growth

The paper analyzes the degree of output persistence in GDP in order toempirically discriminate between the Solow growth model, the perfect competition endogenous growth model and the imperfect competition endogenous growth model for the case of Austria. Wefind that a shock in the growth rate of output induces a permanent and larger effect on the level of GDP. This leads us to refute the Solow growth model and the perfect competition model of endogenous growth.We may not reject the imperfect competition growth model.     

Why England? Demographic factors, structural change and physical capital accumulation during the Industrial Revolution

Why did England industrialize first? And why was Europe ahead of the rest of the world? Unified growth theory in the tradition of Galor and Weil (2000, American Economic Review, 89, 806–828) and Galor and Moav (2002, Quartely Journal of Economics, 177(4), 1133–1191) captures the key features of the transition from stagnation to growth over time. Yet we know remarkably little about why industrialization occurred much earlier in some parts of the world than in others. To answer this question, we present a probabilistic two-sector model where the initial escape from Malthusian constraints depends on the demographic regime, capital deepening and the use of more differentiated capital equipment. Weather-induced shocks to agricultural productivity cause changes in prices and quantities, and affect wages. In a standard model with capital externalities, these fluctuations interact with the demographic regime and affect the speed of growth. Our model is calibrated to match the main characteristics of the English economy in 1700 and the observed transition until 1850. We capture one of the key features of the British Industrial Revolution emphasized by economic historians — slow growth of output and productivity. Fertility limitation is responsible for higher per capita incomes, and these in turn increase industrialization probabilities. The paper also explores the availability of nutrition for poorer segments of society. We examine the influence of redistributive institutions such as the Old Poor Law, and find they were not decisive in fostering industrialization. Simulations using parameter values for other countries show that Britain’s early escape was only partly due to chance. France could have moved out of agriculture and into manufacturing faster than Britain, but the probability was less than 25%. Contrary to recent claims in the literature, 18th century China had only a minimal chance to escape from Malthusian constraints.     

外商直接投资与安徽经济增长关系的实证分析

通过运用协整检验和格兰杰因果检验对外商直接投资与安徽经济增长之间的关系进行实证分析,结果表明:外商直接投资流入对促进安徽经济增长有促进作用,但安徽经济增长对吸引外商直接投资的作用是不显著的.安徽应积极采取相应措施,改善投资环境,吸引更多的外商直接投资.     

企业平衡增长管理策略研究

企业平衡增长作为一种超越增长不足或增长过度的理想增长状态,几乎是所有企业追求的目标。然而,企业能否平衡增长不仅受企业经营和财务两方面诸多因素的制约,同时还与企业所处的发展阶段密不可分。根据平衡增长理论模型,结合企业不同发展阶段的特征,企业可以通过提高资产报酬率,改变企业的目标资本结构或股利政策,调整实际增长率等策略解决企业成长和成熟阶段平衡增长的矛盾。     

新型工业化与城乡二元工业化的协调发展

由于我国严重的“二元经济结构”和“双重演进”的制度变迁特征,形成了农村工业化和城市工业化同时并存的城乡二元工业化格局。城乡二元工业化格局在促进经济发展的同时,也形成了对经济发展的延迟效应。在新型工业化的实现过程中,既要实现以信息化带动工业化,又要推进城乡工业的协调发展,促进农业工业化的发展,加速完成经典工业化的任务。