全球化、柔性化、复合化、差异化:信息时代城市功能演变研究

结合信息技术对中国城市影响的实际,从信息技术影响下城市空间相互作用方式、空间结构的构成要素及其影响因素的变化出发,对信息时代国内城市功能特征进行研究变得尤为重要.全球化、柔性化、复合化、差异化已成为信息时代城市功能的主要特征；信息流和接入信息的能力变得尤为重要；每个城市都成为全球或区域城市网络的一个节点；部分服务的区位选择因此也表现出较大的弹性；城市居住空间分异仍然存在,影响因素越来越复杂.     

Managing Risks in Complex Projects

Dealing effectively with risks in complex projects is difficult and requires management interventions that go beyond simple analytical approaches. This is one finding of a major field study into risk management practices and business processes of 35 major product developments in 17 high‐technology companies. Almost one‐half of the contingencies that occur are not being detected before they impact project performance. Yet, the risk‐impact model presented in this article shows that risk does not affect all projects equally but depends on the effectiveness of collective managerial actions dealing with specific contingencies. The results of this study discuss why some organizations are more successful in detecting risks early in the project life cycle, and in decoupling risk factors from work processes before they impact project performance. The field data suggest that effective project risk management involves an intricately linked set of variables, related to work process, organizational environment, and people. Some of the best success scenarios point to the critical importance of recognizing and dealing with risks early in their development. This requires broad involvement and collaboration across all segments of the project team and its environment, and sophisticated methods for assessing feasibilities and usability early and frequently during the project life cycle. Specific managerial actions, organizational conditions, and work processes are suggested for fostering a project environment most conducive to effective cross‐functional communication and collaboration among all stakeholders, a condition important to early risk detection and effective risk management in complex project situations.     

马克思主义三化的思考

党的十七届四中全会报告提出：＂要大力推进马克思主义中国化、时代化、大众化＂,这是中国对马克思主义理论品格的新论断,对于党和国家事业的发展具有重大的现实意义和长远意义。然而这三者并不是孤立进行的,是相伴相随的。因此,在推动社会主义理论建设过程中,要理解三者的定义,进一步理清三者间的关系,为推进马克思主义理论创新和实践应用开辟新的思路。     

案例教学法在高职行政法教学中的应用研究

案例教学法一直是行政法教改的热点话题。法律高职教育在人才培养目标、教学方法和学情方面有其鲜明的特点,传统的行政法教学旨在构建行政法原理的体系,高度抽象概括讲授,学生学习兴趣不高,难以适应法律高职人才培养目标。通过对高职教育特点的分析,解析行政法案例教学的特点,探究行政法案例教学法在法律高职教育中的具体运用。     

新课标下高中体育课遇到的问题及对策研究

普通中学《体育与健康课程标准》的实施,受到了学生的欢迎,在很大程度上调动了学生学习体育的积极性,但在选项课的实施过程中也遇到了一些问题,在实践中我们寻求相应的对策,以保证改革的顺利进行。     

高等师范院校古代汉语教学语料库字频研究

对基于高等师范学校古代汉语教学的语料库相关数据结果做了定量分析,阐述了语料库的用字概况,提出了字区划分的标准,研制了分区字频表。     

Socio‐demographic factors and shared leadership behaviors in dispersed teams: Implications for human resource management

Companies increasingly make use of geographically dispersed teams to capture knowledge residing at different locations. In this context, shared leadership is considered a key enabler of team performance. Taking a functional perspective on shared leadership, we thus investigate the relationship between shared leadership behaviors and team performance in dispersed teams. Furthermore, we analyze how socio‐demographic factors that are characteristic for dispersed teams (i.e., high female‐to‐male ratio, high mean age, and high levels of national diversity) affect shared leadership behaviors. Based on data from 96 dispersed teams, we show that shared leadership behavior fosters team performance. Further, we find the socio‐demographic characteristics typical for dispersed teams to foster shared leadership. Theoretical and managerial implications for human resource management are discussed. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

黑龙江高等教育与经济发展关系研究

黑龙江省高等教育与经济发展呈强因果关系，但二者发展并不均衡，经济发展明显落后于高等教育的发展。为此，应着力解决以下两方面问题：调整专业结构，培养社会急需人才；促进高校科技成果转化。     

The impact of cash transfers on household welfare in Namibia

Namibia has a long history of providing a universal and non-contributory old age pension, child grants using means testing and quasi-conditionalities, and other cash transfers. Multivariate analysis presented in this paper confirms that these transfers play an important role in alleviating poverty, especially for the very poor. The poverty-reducing effects of the child grants are likely to increase further as access is being rapidly expanded. However, the impact in terms of reducing Namibia's extremely high inequality is limited. The targeting of the cash transfers towards the poorest groups takes place through two main channels. For the child grant, targeting occurs as a result of the orphan status eligibility criteria, as orphans are over-represented in lower-income households. For the universal social pension, it appears that some of the relatively less poor do not receive it even if they are eligible. Means testing of child grants appears ineffective, even without considering administrative costs.     

Capital Structure,Corporate Taxation and Firm Age*

This paper analyses the relationship between corporate taxation, firm age and debt. We adapt a standard model of capital structure choice under corporate taxation, focusing on the financing and investment decisions typically faced by a firm. Our model suggests that the debt ratio is associated positively with the corporate tax rate and negatively with firm age. Further, we predict that the tax-induced advantage of debt is more important for older firms than for younger ones. To test these hypotheses empirically, we use a cross-section of around 405,000 firms from 35 European countries and 127 NACE three-digit industries. In line with previous research, we find that a firm's debt ratio increases with the corporate tax rate. Further, we observe that older firms exhibit smaller debt ratios than their younger counterparts. Finally, consistent with our theoretical model, we find a positive interaction between corporate taxation and firm age, indicating that the impact of corporate taxation on debt increases over a firm's lifetime.