从贸易条件改善看技术进步的产业政策导向

技术进步与贸易条件之间存在着密切的关联,传统理论和实践往往从出口商品结构调整和提高出口品技术含量方面去研究改善贸易条件途径,却忽略了技术进步的类型与偏向性选择对贸易条件的影响。本文从开放经济条件下技术进步偏向性出发,分析不同类型技术进步对一国贸易条件产生的影响。其基本结论是,我国长期采取出口偏向型技术进步已成为我国贸易条件恶化的根本原因,并提出我国鼓励技术进步的政策应该倾向于进口偏向型的中高级技术。     

在全球化产业链条中加速升级换代——我国加工贸易的产业升级状况分析

本文认为，由跨国公司直接投资带动的加工贸易的发展，是发展中国家融入产业内分工，沿着全球化产业链条不断地由劳动密集型环节向技术密型环节提升，进而实现产业升级换代的有效而便捷的途径。本文对我国加工贸易的产业分布和产品性质进行了动态考察和调研分析。指出中国的加工贸易目前已进入由劳动密集型向技术密集型产业升级换代的阶段，其在国际分工中的地位已得到显著提升，通过对影响加工贸易升级换代诸因素的分析，本文对我国加工贸易发展提出了相应的政策建议。     

外资企业的要素属权结构与出口增加值的收益归属

在生产全球化的时代大背景下,外资企业积极参与一国的生产和出口,并从所在国的出口中获取收益。外资企业的出口增加值中既包括了本国要素所产生的增加值,也包括了外国要素所产生的增加值,形成了外资企业出口增加值中的要素属权结构。研究外资企业出口增加值中的要素属权结构,一方面,有助于学术界理解外国要素流入对于本国要素出口增加值的拉动效应;另一方面,有利于学术界厘清外国要素流入所形成的要素收益分配效应。本文运用微观企业数据测算发现:2000—2013年在外资加工出口企业中,中国属权要素出口增加值占属地出口增加值的平均比重为65.85%,两者之间的平均背离程度为34.15%。本文进一步运用区分异质性企业的投入产出表进行测算发现:2012年在外资加工贸易企业和非加工贸易企业出口中,中国属权要素出口增加值与属地要素出口增加值的背离相对值分别为30.13%和25.32%。本文认为属地出口增加值已经不能充分反映外资企业出口中的本国要素收益,研究外资企业出口增加值中的要素属权结构有利于学术界认识增加值贸易中国内要素的实际收益,也可以为一国政府的对外贸易谈判提供科学依据。     

关联交易对石油企业的影响及对策

随着企业组织形式和公司治理结构的演变，关联交易已成为石油行业上市企业和未上市企业必须认真面对的大问题。文章分析了石油企业在关联交易中普遍存在的问题，并结合关联交易的政策走向，对油田企业关联交易的运作策略进行了探讨，并对如何搞好关联交易进行了理性分析，提出策略和建议。     

Risk aversion and the dynamics of optimal liquidation strategies in illiquid markets

We consider the infinite-horizon optimal portfolio liquidation problem for a von Neumann–Morgenstern investor in the liquidity model of Almgren (Appl. Math. Finance 10:1–18, 2003). Using a stochastic control approach, we characterize the value function and the optimal strategy as classical solutions of nonlinear parabolic partial differential equations. We furthermore analyze the sensitivities of the value function and the optimal strategy with respect to the various model parameters. In particular, we find that the optimal strategy is aggressive or passive in-the-money, respectively, if and only if the utility function displays increasing or decreasing risk aversion. Surprisingly, only few further monotonicity relations exist with respect to the other parameters. We point out in particular that the speed by which the remaining asset position is sold can be decreasing in the size of the position but increasing in the liquidity price impact.      

论东北老工业基地与东北亚区域经济合作

以东北老工业基地和东北亚经济合作的战略结合作为切入点进行研究可以发现,在战略结合上各方都可以从合作中获利,实现共赢,区域经济合作具有吸引力,可以在更广阔的领域和更纵深的范围展开.东北老工业基地振兴与东北亚区域经贸合作是相互促进、共同发展的关系.将中国东北的发展置于东北亚区域内,有利于东北地区在开放的环境中获得振兴和发展.同时,中国东北地区的振兴也会为东北亚区域国家的发展带来机遇.     

Copper trade and production of copper,brass and bronze goods in the Oldenburg monarchy: copperworks and copper users in the eighteenth century

This paper explores trade connections – or the lack of such – between copperworks and copper processing plants in the Oldenburg Monarchy in the eighteenth century. Domestic customs areas, high tariffs on raw material export and import bans sought to encourage domestic copper and brass goods production of Norwegian copper raw material, however this was only realised halfway. The raw material from Norway was largely exported, and copper and brass materials used to produce copper-, brass and bronze goods were imported from all over the world. The copperworks and processing plants in the Monarchy never became strongly integrated due to several reasons. First, shareholders of copperworks acquired favourable credit deals abroad, and preferred to export the copper, and second, copper materials had different features and processing plants used all sorts of copper inputs in the making of goods, not only copper raw material. Norway produced mostly gar copper, so copper plants and coppersmiths had to turn elsewhere for other types of copper. Production of copper and brass goods increased, but did not meet the domestic demand partly due to a strong foreign competition. The optimal goal of ‘mercantilist theory’ regarding copper and brass import substitution was not reached.     

通货膨胀及其影响因素的动态分析

文章通过建立宏观经济模型对1995--2010年间我国通货膨胀的动态走势进行了研究。结果表明：我国货币市场不仅存在实际货币需求、真实GDP和名义利率间的长期均衡关系,在贸易市场上还存在名义汇率、国内价格水平和国外价格水平之间的长期均衡关系。误差修正模型表明通货膨胀的短期波动依赖于货币供给、名义利率和实际GDP的变化,且具有很强的通货膨胀惯性,货币市场和贸易市场非均衡对通货膨胀的变化也有重要影响。     

中部地区对外贸易影响因素的实证分析

长期以来,尽管中部地区对外贸易取得了较快地发展,但在全国依然处于比较落后的地位。本文利用最新时间序列数据,通过建立多变量回归模型,对中部地区对外贸易的影响因素进行了实证分析。分析认为,中部地区出口贸易和进口贸易的影响因素存在很大差异。出口贸易影响因素主要是贸易条件、进口贸易和全社会固定资产投资;而进口贸易的主要影响因素是汇率、国内生产总值、外商直接投资和人力资本;很多影响因素对中部地区对外贸易没有起到应有的作用。     

The impact of foreign direct investment and trade on economic growth Taking China, Korea, Malaysia, Philippines ＆ Thailand for example

In this study the authors make efforts to survey the impact of foreign direct investment and trade on the economic growth of five East Asian countries, China, Korea, Malaysia, Philippines and Thailand. Using an augmented production function （APF） growth model, the authors apply panel data Method and data span is from1980 to 2006. The required data are extracted from World Development Indicator 2008. The result shows that a co-integration relationship between growth and its determinants in the APF model is supported. Firstly, the study shows that with the increasing the inflow of foreign direct investment, positive impact on growth in Thailand, Korea and China is proved. However, this impact is negative in Philippine and Malaysia. Also the impact of trade on economic growth has the same result with FDI impact in sign. Further, the impact of labor force on growth is not significant in these countries and the effect of gross fixed capital on growth is positive and has a very high impact on selected countries.