我国城市基础设施建设投融资绩效评价——基于三阶段DEA模型的实证分析

自改革开放以来,我国城市化步伐明显加快,现已进入城市化高速发展的起步阶段。为了进一步推进城市化进程,更多的资金投入到城市基础设施建设中,这就涉及投融资管理与绩效评价问题。文章分别从资金来源结构和资金投向结构两个角度出发,运用三阶段DEA方法对我国2012年城市基础设施建设投融资绩效进行评价,同时对影响投融资效率的因素进行分析。研究结果表明:中西部地区城市基础设施投融资效率主要受规模效率制约,东部地区主要受纯技术效率制约;城市基础设施建设投融资效率受环境因素影响较大;人力资本、经济基础和科技发展水平较高的省份在城市基础设施建设投融资效率方面占有优势。     

国立科研院所基建管理的问题分析——以中国科学院为例

近年来,政府不断增加对国立科研院所科教基础设施建设的投入。但数据显示,建筑行业整体效率低下,这引发了我们的思考,科研基础设施是否也存有此类问题。文章分析了国立科研院所基建管理的特殊性,并通过走访调研,分析国立科研院所基建管理中现存的主要问题,得出了规范及标准出台滞后、管理体系不健全、行政审批程序冗长等为我国目前国立科研院所基建管理中存在的主要问题,在此基础上提出了相应的对策与建议。     

西部农村基础设施建设的现状、问题及对策

以西部农村的基础设施建设为对象,分析西部农村基础设施的现状、问题及其形成原因。研究发现:农村基础设施建设是西部实现城镇一体化和农业现代化的基本保障,缺乏资金是阻碍西部农村基础设施建设的主要问题。提出了改善西部农村基础设施的政策上的建议。     

政府干预、基础设施与绿色全要素生产率——来自黄河流域的经验证据

基于超效率SBM方向性距离函数以及ML生产率指数,测算黄河流域64个城市2004—2018年的绿色全要素生产率,并实证考察政府干预、基础设施对绿色全要素生产率的影响。研究表明,政府干预显著促进黄河流域绿色全要素生产率的提升,而基础设施对政府干预与绿色全要素生产率的关系产生重要影响,且具有显著门限效应,良好的基础设施是政府提升区域绿色发展效率的有利条件。     

我国控制城市污染向农村转移的路径探讨

近年来,我国城市环境日益得到改善,农村环境却不断恶化。城市污染正在加速向农村转移,这是造成我国农村环境恶化的重要原因之一。文章针对我国城市污染向农村转移的表现及其原因,提出控制城市污染向农村转移的路径:加快城市环境基础设施建设、加强城市污染物的源头控制、防止农村成为污染企业聚集地和完善制度环境。     

THE 200 KM CITY: BRISBANE,THE GOLD COAST,AND SUNSHINE COAST

Since the 1970s, several Southeast Queensland coastal towns in areas marketed as the ‘Gold Coast’ and the ‘Sunshine Coast’ have merged with each other and joined with Brisbane to become one of the world's longest urban coastal strips. The population of this 200 km long city is fast approaching three million. This urban pattern reflects the preferences of many Australians about where and in what type of housing they would like to live. The unplanned nature of this growth raises several policy challenges relating to resource use and traffic congestion.     

日本信息化的相对落后与日本政府的对策

在全球性信息化革命的浪潮中,日本的信息化虽然也迅猛发展,但与欧美各国及亚洲“四小”相比较,还处于相对落后的状态。主要表现为IT基础设施、电子商务交易、社会信息化、软件开发等方面的落后和软件人才不足。而落后的原因则是由于经济长期停滞、产业结构调整滞后、电信市场竞争不足以及宏观经济体制落后的影响等。日本政府制定了《IT国家基本战略》,并通过财政措施扩大公共投资、改革税制、放宽网上交易等限制;完善交易合同规则以及消费者保护措施制度等,为改变其相对落后的状态,采取了一系列积极的对策。     

Towards an Integrated Statistical System at Statistics Netherlands*

Changes in circumstances put pressure on Statistics Netherlands (SN) to redesign the way its statistics are produced. Key developments are: the changing needs of data‐users, growing competition, pressure to reduce the survey burden on enterprises, emerging new technologies and methodologies and, first and foremost, the need for more efficiency because of budget cuts. This paper describes how SN, and especially its business statistics, can adapt to these new circumstances. We envisage an optimum situation as one with a single standardised production line for all statistics and a central data repository at its core. This single production line is supported by generic and standardised tools, metadata and workflow management. However, it is clear that such an optimum situation cannot be realised in just a few years. It should be seen as the point on the horizon. Therefore, we also describe the first transformation steps from the product‐based stovepipe‐oriented statistical process of the past to a more integrated process of the future. A similar modernisation process exists in the area of social statistics. In the near future both systems of business and social statistics are expected to connect at pivotal points and eventually converge on one overall business architecture for SN. Discussions about such an overall business architecture for SN have already been started and the first core projects have been set up.     

农村基础设施的投资与运营管理：研究综述

从世界上许多发展中国家以及中国的实际情况来看,农村基础设施领域面临的亟待解决的关键问题之一是如何提高投资效率,改善运营绩效。本文针对这一问题,从农村基础设施投资及运营管理两方面对已有的研究进行了详细梳理与总结,以期在此基础上展开进一步讨论。