Inter‐firm R&D collaborations and green innovation value: The role of family firms' involvement and the moderating effects of proximity dimensions

The present paper investigates the relationship between the involvement of family firms in R&D collaborations aimed at developing green solutions and the value of resulting innovations. To dig into this relationship, the moderating effects of two proximity dimensions (i.e., geographical distance and technological relatedness) are also assessed. Analyses are based on a sample of 156 joint patents classified into the “Alternative energy production” field, as defined by the International Patent Classification Green Inventory and successfully filed at the United States Patent and Trademark Office in the period 1997–2010 by publicly listed companies. According to our conjectures, results reveal a positive relationship between the involvement of family firms and green innovation value. Moreover, our findings show that this relationship is hindered when partners are geographically distant or technologically proximate. Eventually, we contribute to the literature on green innovation by unveiling under which conditions inter‐firm R&D collaborations lead to more valuable innovations.     

汽车零部件联合采购运作模式研究

文章在分析传统汽车零部件采购和零部件联合采购的基础上,构建了汽车零部件联合采购模型,探索性的提出三种汽车零部件采购联盟的运作模式:委托代理式汽车零部件采购联盟、合资式汽车零部件采购联盟、第三方运营的汽车零部件采购联盟。并对每种模式进行了详细的分析,同时提出采购联盟组建过程中需要注意的问题,为汽车零部件联合采购提供了理论基础。     

零售业共同配送问题研究

在分析国内外零售业共同配送发展现状的基础上,分析了我国零售业共同配送在实施过程中存在的问题,并提出了零售业共同配送的三种方案:依据即将配送的商品类型进行流程分类;联盟成员资源共享;统一使用商品条码技术。其中针对联盟成员资源共享中的配送调度优化问题,以具体实例为基础,借用matlab软件编程并加以实现。     

机械臂逆运动控制模型与方法

据机械臂关节轴线方向建立了连杆坐标系,采用Denavit-Hartenberg(D-H)法求出各关节之间的坐标系变换矩阵,利用机械臂关节间的联体关系建立了机械臂正运动学模型,通过反向求解正运动模型得到机械臂逆运动学模型。为了解决逆运动控制问题,利用种群平均信息,提出了改进的多种群差分演化算法。最后数值试验表明新算法可以有效求解机械臂逆运动学模型。     

变电站自动化装置与调度主站联调的技术要求

变电站投用前两端的联调对于调度自动化主站系统的稳定运行非常重要。文章基于联调的目的与要求,分别从遥测功能联调、中央信号的联调、遥控功能联调、遥信功能联调四方面探讨相应的技术要求。     

胶东半岛物流业与制造业协同发展现状研究

近年来,随着区域性产业集群的纷纷建立,作为生产服务业之一的物流产业与制造业的协同发展越来越受到人们的关注。物流业与制造业欲协同发展,必须将物流业从制造业中分离出来,大力发展第三方物流是根本途径。在实地调研的基础上,文中分析了胶东半岛制造业基地的中心城市——青岛市物流业与制造业的发展现状,并简要提出了物流业与制造业协同发展的途径。     

基于烟草物流的工商联合配送研究

结合烟草运输调度系统存在的车辆管理松散、运输计划不合理、车辆空载严重等问题,提出了工商联合配送的设计方案,并设计相应的数学模型。利用工商联合调度可以实现车辆接收任务的自由化和全面化,使闲置车辆数目大大减少,降低整个区域的运输成本,减少交叉性或重复性的运输活动,提高运输效率。     

Economic evaluation of BST-CarGel as an adjunct to microfracture vs microfracture alone in knee cartilage surgery

Objectives:

Knee cartilage damage is a common cause of referral for orthopedic surgery. Treatment aims to reduce pain and symptoms by repairing cartilage. Microfracture, the current standard of care, yields good short-term clinical outcomes; however, treatment might fail after 2–3 years. A Chitosan-Beta glycerolphosphate-based medical device (BST-CarGel) is used as an adjunct to microfracture and demonstrates improvements in quantity and quality of repaired tissue, potentially reducing the risk of treatment failure. This study aimed to establish the economic value of BST-CarGel vs microfracture alone in knee cartilage repair from the societal perspective, using Germany as the reference market.

Methods:

A decision tree with a 20-year time-horizon was constructed, in which undesirable clinical events were inferred following initial surgery. These events consisted of pain management, surgery, and total knee replacement. Clinical outcomes were taken from the pivotal clinical trial, supplemented by other literature. Data and assumptions were validated by a Delphi panel. All relevant resource use and costs for procedures and events were considered.

Results:

In a group of patients with all lesion sizes, the model inferred that BST-CarGel yields a positive return on investment at year 4 (with 20-year cumulative cost savings of €6448). Reducing the incremental risk of treatment failure gap between the device and microfracture by 25–50% does not alter this conclusion. Cost savings are greatest for patients with large lesions; results for patients with small lesions are more modest.

Limitations:

Clinical evidence for microfracture and other interventions varies in quality. Comparative long-term data are lacking. The comparison is limited to microfracture and looks only at costs without considering quality-of-life.

Conclusion:

BST-CarGel potentially represents a cost-saving alternative for patients with knee cartilage injury by reducing the risk of clinical events through regeneration of chondral tissue with hyaline characteristics. Since the burden of this condition is high, both to the patient and society, an effective and economically viable alternative is of importance.     

关注关联方利益输送的新动向

上市公司关联方交易及其利益输送一直是市场关注的热点问题,中国上市公司关联方之间的交易及其利益输送十分普遍,对其的公正评价至为困难,成为困扰中国证券市场的一个难题。在中国监管当局颁发了一系列行政法规、强化监管的今天,中国上市公司及其关联方的关联交易及其利益输送呈现出一些以前所没有的、新的特征。     

Wood Fuel or Carbon Sink? Aspects of Forestry in the Climate Question

This paper discusses and contrasts two mainroles of forestry in light of the debate on theglobal climate. As the main problem is relatedto the increases of the CO₂-concentrationin the atmosphere, forests may be viewed aspart of the alleviation of the problem throughtheir function as (i) a source of biomass forenergy production, which may replace fossilfuels and thus indirectly reduceCO₂-emissions, and as (ii) carbon storage,since a growing forest extracts atmosphericCO₂ and fixes it as carbon in biomass. Inthe Scandinavian forestry, logging residues areincreasingly being used for energy production.In this paper the value of forests as a sourceof bioenergy is added to the traditional timbervalue. Formulated as a joint production modelwithin the Faustmann framework, the effect ofthis addition on the optimal rotation length isdiscussed. Based on data for spruce, thedominant species in the Scandinavian forestry,it is demonstrated that the rotation length isshortened compared to the standard Faustmannmodel. Shorter rotation length implies lesscarbon storage. Therefore, in this modelwithout explicit regard to the social carbonstorage value of the forest, the gains in termsof the climate problem from utilisation offorest biomass for energy production are beingdiminished by the value of reduced carbonstorage. The carbon value of the forest is thenadded to complete the model, with the effect ofincreasing the rotation length, a result thatis well known in the literature. Finally, theempirical effects of the interaction of thesetwo climate-related value elements of theforest are discussed.