专科生与本科生劳动力市场差异分析

我国高等教育本科生与专科生在培养方面存在着差异,并且不同高等教育层次的毕业生寻求职位时在起薪点、就业满意度、创业意愿等方面存在差异,毕业生落实率呈现两头高中间低的特点,部分本科生就业高不成低不就。我国高等教育亟需改革。高校应积极主动地培养适应市场需求的人才,开展校企合作,根据市场需要调整专业结构;毕业生也需要转变观念,合理调整心理预期,准确定位,增强就业竞争力。     

Illiquidity or credit deterioration: A study of liquidity in the US corporate bond market during financial crises

We investigate whether liquidity is an important price factor in the US corporate bond market. In particular, we focus on whether liquidity effects are more pronounced in periods of financial crises, especially for bonds with high credit risk, using a unique data set covering more than 20,000 bonds, between October 2004 and December 2008. We employ a wide range of liquidity measures and find that liquidity effects account for approximately 14% of the explained market-wide corporate yield spread changes. We conclude that the economic impact of the liquidity measures is significantly larger in periods of crisis, and for speculative grade bonds.     

试论我国地方公共财政的建设

特殊的国情使得我国地方政府在社会经济发展中的地位不同于西方发达市场经济国家,在经济体制改革不断向纵深发展的今天,如何正视这种特殊地位,建立和完善我国地方公共财政是我们必须解决的问题,本文拟就这个问题提出自己的思考和建议。     

Efficiency, competition, and the development of life insurance in France (1870-1939): Or: should we trust pension funds?

French life insurance remained underdeveloped in comparison with other countries of similar financial development during the period between 1870 and 1939. We show that technical peculiarities of the contracts used and their interaction with macroeconomic fluctuations explain the wide fluctuations we observe in insurance operations. Nevertheless, these fluctuations are not sufficient to explain the industry’s long-term stagnation. Low returns paid to clients, resulting from very conservative investment strategies, were the main reason for that stagnation, since only those interested by the life-cycle related aspects of insurance contracts continued to put money in these institutions, while most savers invested directly in the market or through State-owned financial institutions. The main reason for such an investment (and then low-growth) strategy is the existence of a set of conservative regulations and a stable oligopoly in the industry from the 1880s onwards. We suggest that established insurance companies were able to impose regulations and barriers to entry blocking the access of competitors to their market, so maintaining a hold on a small but very profitable market.     

Valuation Model of Defaultable Bond Values in Emerging Markets

This paper develops a model to value defaultable bonds in emerging markets. Default occurs when some signaling process hits a pre-defined default barrier. The signaling variable is considered to be some macro-economic variables such as foreign exchange rates. The dynamics of the default barrier depend on the volatility and the drift of the signaling variable. We derive a closed-form solution of the defaultable bond price from the model as a function of a signaling variable and a short-term interest rate. The numerical results show that the model values generated by using foreign exchange rates as the signaling variables can broadly track the market credit spreads of defaultable bonds in South Korea and Brazil. Given an expected level of the foreign exchange rate, defaultable bond values under a stressed market situation can be obtained.     

Changes in risk characteristics of firms issuing hybrid securities: case of convertible bonds

The present paper examines changes in risk characteristics of a firm when it issues convertible bonds by studying the change in beta before and after the issuance of convertible bonds. Using a sample of 149 firms, strong evidence was found of change in beta, along with significant heterogeneity across firms. On average, the beta of a firm issuing convertible bonds declines, although 40 per cent of firms showed an increase in beta. A cross‐sectional regression shows that after controlling for the reversion‐to‐mean phenomenon, the change in beta is significantly related to potential dilution of equity as well as to increase in debt, but is not significantly related to either the change in bond rating of a firm or to the stated use of funds from issuance.     

Pricing and Hedging of Contingent Claims in Term Structure Models with Exogenous Issuing of New Bonds

If calibrated to an observed term structure of interest rates that only covers a finite range of times-to-maturity an HJM-model of the term structure of interest rates will eventually die out in finite time as bonds reach maturity. This poses problems for the pricing and hedging of certain contingent claims. Therefore, we extend the HJM-model in such a way that it lives on an arbitrary time horizon and possesses term structures that cover a constant finite interval of times-to-maturity. We consider the pricing and hedging of contingent claims in this framework.     

国外通胀指数债券的发展、运作机理及借鉴

政府通胀指数债券作为债券市场的一种债券品种创新，具有帮助投资者规避长期国债投资的购买力风险，降低国债发行成本并有利于国债的顺利发行，为宏观经济调控提供有用信息等优势，我国应适时推出通胀指数债券以促进国债市场的发展。     

债务抵押契约发展分析

本文分析了资产支持证券的一个品种——债务抵押契约的特点和结构，结合国家开发银行发行的“2005开元一期”债务抵押债券进行了分析，并提出了在发展债务抵押契约等产品时降低利率风险的建议。     

我国国债政策的走向分析

国债是市场经济国家实施宏观调控不可或缺的政策工具,在现代经济发展中发挥着越来越重要的作用.在以增债和扩支为主要内容的积极财政政策逐步稳健后,作为其主力军的国债政策也应适时调整.应该逐步减少建设国债的发行,调整建设国债的投资方向;调整国债发行结构和持有者结构,创新品种;并且要加快财政支出体制改革,逐步减少财政赤字;同时还要注意国债政策与其它政策的配合使用.