当前企业知识型员工的管理方略

当今世界面临着信息化、全球化两大趋势。在科技先进和信息化先行的发达国家,又涌现了知识经济的浪潮,这给经济管理和传统经济管理理论带来许多新的情况、新的课题。企业经济管理之间竞争的重点是知识型的人才,而经济管理中各种要素的管理归根到底也是对高素质人员———知识型员工的管理。因此,知识型员工管理是企业成败的关键因素。     

Internet versus bricks-and-mortar retailers: An investigation into intangibility and its consequences

Intangibility has long been studied as a unidimensional construct with the focus being placed upon the physical element. This paper explores the effects of three unique intangibility dimensions on a consumer's ability to evaluate goods and services, and the perceived risk (PR) associated with the transaction. The authors examine these relationships in purchase environments that include both traditional bricks-and-mortar retailers and the Internet. Their investigation further incorporates prior knowledge as a moderating factor into the proposed framework. This allows for a thorough comparison of the effects and relationships that exist between intangibility and its consequences in general, evaluation difficulty (ED) and perceived risk (PR) in particular. The authors develop hypotheses pertaining to the proposed model and test them with two experiments. The empirical results are broadly supportive of the hypotheses. Theoretical and managerial implications to the services marketing literature are discussed.     

不同文化模式对跨国并购知识转移的影响作用研究

获取知识,提升创新能力是现阶段我国企业进行跨国并购的重要动因之一。而知识在跨国背景下的转移深受其所处的文化背景影响。本文首先对知识进行分类,并总结了不同类型知识之间的转移特征;接着对不同的国家文化类型进行对比,得出了国家文化模式对知识转移具有不同影响作用的结论。     

团队反思、团队心理安全感对团队创新的影响——一个被中介的调节效应模型检验

团队反思对团队产出的影响不是简单的直接作用,而是被一些情境变量调节,具有权变性。研究引入团队心理安全感和团队知识共享两个中间变量,探讨其中的中介和调节效应,建立团队反思与团队创新关系的被中介的调节效应模型。通过企业工作团队及其主管的配对问卷调查,收集变量数据,对建构的理论模型进行统计检验。结果显示,团队心理安全感对团队反思与团队创新的关系具有调节作用;团队心理安全感对团队反思与团队知识共享的关系具有正向调节效应;团队知识共享对团队心理安全感与团队创新的关系具有完全的中介效应,在团队反思与团队心理安全感交互影响团队创新关系中起部分中介作用。在统计分析的基础上进一步提出对管理实践的启示和未来研究展望。     

遥感卫星接收系统故障诊断专家系统设计

针对遥感卫星接收系统故障诊断智能化、自动化的技术需求,分析了遥感卫星接收系统的故障特征,给出了故障诊断专家系统的架构。通过对系统设备监测信息及任务流程的分析、故障树的建立与分析,利用产生式的知识表示方式,建立了故障诊断专家系统的知识库;采用启发式的正向推理模式,实现故障的定位。该故障诊断专家系统已用于实际工程项目,提高了遥感卫星接收系统故障诊断的效率。     

The role of experiential and non-experiential knowledge in cross-border acquisitions: The case of Indian multinational enterprises

This paper investigates the antecedents of the internationalization of emerging economy multinational enterprises (EMNEs) through cross-border acquisitions. Using a panel data set of 1138 cross-border acquisitions made by 515 Indian multinational enterprises (MNEs) during 2000–2013, it examines interactions of in-house resources with experiential and non-experiential knowledge to explore how EMNEs manage and exploit their knowledge base when internationalizing. The results show that Indian multinational enterprises have ‘interface competence’. They combine in-house resources with experiential market and externally sourced technological knowledge for undertaking cross-border acquisitions. The Uppsala model provides insights in analyzing the role of market knowledge and the Global Factory model helps in analyzing the role of technology in cross-border acquisitions by EMNEs.     

Export Performance: Is It Possible through Knowledge and Capabilities? Evidence from Turkish Manufacturing Firms

Purpose: This article measures to what extent export performance is affected by certain resource-based view (RBV) elements and seeks to elucidate relationships between these elements. Design: Among those RBV elements, knowledge and experience as resources, and marketing, production, product development, logistics, and service differentiation as capabilities, are chosen to be the basis of this research. Their effects on export performance are measured with a survey applied to personnel of Turkish manufacturing firms operating in Istanbul district. Findings: The results show us that marketing planning capabilities and service differentiation capabilities have a significant effect on export performance. The overwhelming effect of knowledge and experience of firms on marketing planning capabilities is one of the intriguing findings. Notwithstanding that, we found no trace of a relationship between product development capabilities and service differentiation capabilities. Value: This research provides several managerial and academic implications by contributing to a resource-based view in terms of knowledge and capabilities. Additionally, in this study, it is underlined that collective knowledge is vital for achieving high export performance.     

Information and Knowledge as Antecedents of Consumer Attitudes and Intentions to Buy and Recommend Fair-Trade Products

The authors propose and empirically test a causal model to understand how the availability of fair-trade information and consumer knowledge about this issue affect consumers’ attitudes and intentions toward fair-trade products. The model is built upon the attitude-behavior paradigm and the premises of agency theory. It is tested through structural equation modeling with a sample of 292 Spanish consumers. The findings are that consumers do not have good knowledge about fair trade and that this is significantly determined by the lack of information about this in the market. It is also observed that consumers’ perceptions about the availability of fair-trade information have negative effects on their concern about this issue and that such information as is available is not effective in reducing consumer skepticism. The research represents an extension of previous fair-trade literature because the role of information and communication in improving consumer attitudes and buying intentions has rarely been explored in the case of ethical products.     

跨期知识整合与新产品开发绩效关系实证研究——基于珠三角和长三角地区企业的数据

根据已有研究成果,文章首先分析了跨期知识整合的内涵和机制,并根据理论分析建立了结构方程模型,设计了"跨期知识整合对新产品开发绩效影响的调研问卷",在珠三角和长三角地区选择了上海、广州、杭州、深圳等地的多家企业进行调研,并回收了245份问卷,根据分析结果发现跨期知识整合对新产品开发绩效之间有正向影响。     

产业集群知识网络中粘滞知识的转移机理研究

粘滞知识在产业集群知识网络中的转移对于知识流动的效果有着极大的影响,决定着产业集群中技术创新能力的提升和产业集群结构优化与升级.本文分析产业集群知识网络的立体结构,剖析了产业集群的内部和外部知识网络中各节点的联系,探讨了知识在该立体结构中各个层次的企业、集群中的高校、科研机构以及政府部门等各节点之间的流动,从点、线、面、体的角度对产业集群知识网络中的粘滞知识流动进行分析,在此基础上得出结论,以期促进我国产业集群知识网络粘滞知识的转移.