The Easterlin paradox worldwide

The Easterlin paradox states that, although richer people report higher levels of well-being within one country, no such relationship exists across countries or over time. Several authors disagree and claim a robust positive relationship. A percentage increase of income always leads to higher well-being. This article reassesses the relationship, but analyses regional differences. I find that the positive relationship is strong in Eastern Europe, the Middle East and North African countries and Latin America. The relationship is not significant in Western Europe and Asia. In North America/Oceania and Sub-Saharan Africa, the marginal effect even becomes negative. Materialistic attitudes or the degree of collectivism may serve as explanations for the findings.     

The effects of family structure and socialization influences on compulsive consumption: a life course study in France

Compulsive consumption is regarded as a global phenomenon that can adversely affect consumer well‐being. Although the topic has been studied in different cultural settings, we have seen relatively little theory development and explanations of compulsive behaviour. Nearly all previous empirical studies attempt to explain this behaviour by correlating measures of compulsive behaviour with independent variables taken within the same time frame. However, recent developments in social sciences suggest that such a phenomenon may best understood in the context of the person's earlier‐in‐life experiences. Using the life course paradigm as an overarching framework, the present research extends previous work on this topic. Hypotheses derived from life course perspectives are formulated, and a survey of young adults in France is used to test them. The findings have implications for theory development and suggest directions for further research.     

基于生命周期的企业集群价值网稳定性分析

企业集群价值网是一个共生组织,稳定性是其重要的维生机制,稳定性越好,组织的维生能力越强。鉴于此,运用生物种群共生理论,针对不同生命周期阶段的企业集群价值网的不同形态分别建立了反映其收益增长规律的Logistic模型,得出了稳定共生的条件和原因,并分析了其经济学意义。     

我国企业知识转移困境与海外并购

Hedlund将知识分为认知性知识、技术以及实体知识三种类别。本文结合知识类型的划分，根据企业知识转移的难度和知识转移的外部性区分知识转移的四种方式。并进一步指出国际贸易中产品生命周期使发展中国家面临一种企业知识转移的困境。我国企业可以通过知识转移来拥有创新源突破困境，具体方式主要有本土制造，海外创立研发中心；本土制造，海外并购研发中心；建立战略联盟等。     

回顾与反思：金融危机给企业员工造成了什么影响？

回顾与反思了金融危机对企业员工所造成的影响。在金融危机期间调查了长三角地区25家不同企业的548名企业员工。在调查研究的基础上,分析了金融危机对企业员工的工作、收入、投资、消费、储蓄等方面的具体影响,并进一步分析了金融危机对企业员工的心理影响。根据调查研究,反思了危机冲击的＂桥头堡现象＂,提出了＂危机保护因子＂假说,认为应当加强关于危机的理论与策略研究,建立心理预警机制,加强员工心理培训工作,建设＂以人为本＂的优秀企业文化,实施员工援助计划等措施,从而提高员工抵御危机的能力,维持员工心理健康水平。     

Experience Rating in Group Life Insurance

Abstract

Methods for experience rating of group life contracts are obtained as empirical Bayes or linear Bayes solutions in heterogeneity models. Each master contract is assigned a latent random quantity representing unobservable risk characteristics, which comprise mortality and possibly also age distribution and distribution of the sums insured, depending on the information available about the group. Hierarchical extensions of the set-up are discussed. An application of the theory to data from an authentic portfolio of groups revealed substantial between-group risk variations, hence experience rating could be statistically justified.     

未知死，焉知生——论毛姆小说的生死观

毛姆在小说中倾注了其对生存和死亡的关注，他通过对人物的刻画表明自己始终坚持的生死观——死亡与生命如影相随，个体却能在一个上帝神性消弭的年代直面死亡，摆脱死亡恐惧，重建存在的意义。     

浅谈如何使中职语文课程教材现代化

教育的本质是培养人，但教育的培养目标与培养对象是具有历史性和时代性的。因此，教材也要不断改革，教材也要现代化，以适应社会对人才培养的需要。教师是教材的使用者，更应该以学生为本，“因生取材”，因材施教。语文是多元的，是一个无明确领域界限的学科，语文的外延就是生活。教师大可从现实生活中汲取精华来充实教材内容，加强所学内容的实用性、有趣性、科学性等，以激发学生的内在求知需要，这无疑是调动学习动机的最为直接也是极为有效的方式。     

农民工城市生存质量的群体差异性分析

农民工在城市的生存质量水平是该阶层在城市生活的各个方面的综合反映,本研究发现当前农民工在城市的生存质量非常低下。而在影响农民工生存质量的诸多因素中,除了外在的政治、经济、社会及文化层面的因素以外,农民工自身的性别、受教育水平、职业差异性也是造成其总体生存质量低下及内部非均衡性的重要因素,因此消除因农民工的个体因素给其带来的生存质量的影响可以通过加大非学历教育力度及提高低端行业薪资水平等方法来实现。     

对教材的调查引出的思考

本文以调查为基础对教材与知识圈、教材与知识生命周期和教材与新知识生产几个问题进行了研讨,提出了在高等教育的教材建设中引入竞争机制,通过竞争提高教材编著质量的途径.