Job preferences of students and new graduates in nursing

This article investigates the preferences of student and newly graduated nurses for pecuniary and nonpecuniary aspects of nursing jobs. It is the first study applying methods based on discrete choice experiments to a developed country nursing workforce. It is also the first to focus on the transition through university training and into work. This is particularly important as junior nurses have the lowest retention levels in the profession. We sample 526 individuals from nursing programmes in two Australian universities. Flexible and newly developed models combining heteroscedasticity with unobserved heterogeneity in scale and preference weights are estimated. Overall, salary remains the most important feature in increasing the probability that a job will be selected. ‘Supportive management/staff’ and ‘quality of care’ follow as the most important attributes from a list of 11 nonpecuniary characteristics. However, the subset of new graduates rank ‘supportive management/staff’ above salary increases, emphasizing the importance of a supportive workplace in the transition from university to the workplace. We find substantial preference heterogeneity and some attributes, such as the opportunity for clinical rotations, are found to be attractive to some nurses while seen as negative by others. Nursing retention could be improved by designing different employment packages to appeal to these different tastes.     

Survival on the Titanic: Illustrating Wald and Lagrange Multiplier Tests for Proportions and Logits

Abstract: Students are interested in lecture examples and class exercises involving data connected to the maiden voyage and the sinking of the liner Titanic. Information on the passengers and their fate can be used to explore relationships between various tests for differences in survival rates between different groups of passengers. Among the concepts the authors examined are tests for differences of proportions using a normal distribution, a chi-square test for independence, a test for the equality of two logits, and a test for the significance of the coefficient of a binary variable in logit model. The authors examined the relationship between Wald and Lagrange Multiplier test statistics and give two related examples.     

短波信道质量评估技术综述

短波信道质量评估设备按技术体制分为两大类,分别是独立信道探测系统和嵌入式探 测系统。介绍了两类系统的基本原理、目前研究和应用现状以及存在的问题,指出应将两类 技术进行结合,根据通信业务进行针对性的信道分析以提高评估效率。最后对其发展方向进 行展望,以期为短波实时信道估值方面的研究提供参考。     

The Stability and Instability of Organic Expenditures in Denmark,Great Britain,and Italy

This article concerns demand for organic foods in 3 European countries: Denmark, Great Britain, and Italy. Based on extensive sets of household panel data we categorize households into 4 groups according to their levels of organic consumption. Importance of sociodemographics is estimated by applying multinomial logit models. In all 3 countries a high organic consumption is mainly found among the more well-situated households in urban areas. Although the relative size of the user groups is fairly stable over time, we find variation in the organic consumption of individual households.     

An analysis of crop choice: Adapting to climate change in South American farms

This paper explores how South American farmers adapt to climate by changing crops. We develop a multinomial logit model of farmer's choice of crops. Estimating the model across 949 farmers in seven countries, we find that both temperature and precipitation affect the crops that South American farmers choose. Farmers choose fruits and vegetables in warmer locations and wheat and potatoes in cooler locations. Farms in wetter locations are more likely to grow rice, fruits, potatoes, and squash and in dryer locations maize and wheat. Global warming will cause South American farmers to switch away from maize, wheat, and potatoes towards squash, fruits and vegetables. Predictions of the impact of climate change on net revenue must reflect not only changes in yields per crop but also crop switching.     

Infrastructural change and secular economic development

Long-term economic development is determined by changes to the infrastructure, especially material and non-material infrastructural networks that link agents in different locations. The infrastructure consists of the slowly changing, collective arena that supports production, exchange, and consumption, such as the built environment, transport networks, and institutions. In the short run the infrastructure can be regarded as fixed. Changes to the infrastructure are under normal conditions small enough to be disregarded by producers and consumers. With the creation of a critical link of a network, there will however be a revolutionary restructuring of the arena. Critical links are here defined as additions to infrastructural networks that create opportunities for new information and transport flows between previously unconnected regions. Such a revolutionary restructuring of infrastructural networks has been called a logistical revolution. Certain institutional pre-conditions are necessary for a logistical revolution, while the creation of a critical link is both a necessary and a sufficient condition. This paper discusses the three logistical revolutions that occurred in the 13th century, around 1600, and in the 19th century, which each had crucial similarities with the current “information revolution.”     

农村剩余劳动力跨省迁移的实证分析

本文将农民作为市场经济的理性主体,利用第五次人口普查的数据,使用线性化的logit模型,对影响农村劳动力跨省迁移的概率和流向等因素进行实证分析。结果表明,迁出地的人均耕地、劳动者受教育状况、农业劳动生产率、城镇居民收入以及两地距离等对农村劳动力的跨省迁移具有显著影响。     

近空间跟踪与数据中继系统的初步设想

提出"近空间跟踪与数据中继系统"的设想,分析了它与"跟踪与数据中继卫星系统"(TDRSS)的区别,讨论了它的优势,给出了简单的方案设想,指出了尚需进一步深入研究的问题。     

战斗机航空电子系统最新的发展趋势-网络化

在分析未来战斗机面临的空中作战特点以及战斗机航空电子系统发展现状的基础上,根据未来信息化战争对航空电子系统发展需求的重大变化,提出未来战斗机航空电子系统在完成从"三代综合化"向"四代综合化"的转变以后,重点是朝着"网络化"方向发展的观点,并重点分析外军为实现这种网络化所采取的技术措施。