Pure Altruism,Consumer Behavior and Choice Modeling*

An important assumption underlying non‐market valuation is that it is not the environment but the human preference that is valued. This paper attempts to test whether individual consumer behavior is influenced by a purely altruistic motive, examining the attitude of hikers towards the hypothetical removal of the Muju ski resort from the Mount Togyu National Park in South Korea. Data were collected from samples of hikers and skiers who visited the national park. The respondents were forced to consider trade‐offs between the recovery of the lost environmental assets in the Muju ski resort area, skiers’ additional travel time, and willingness‐to‐pay amounts for the hypothetical environmental improvement. It was found that hikers did not take into account skiers’ disutility represented by additional travel time.     

In-work policies in Europe: Killing two birds with one stone?

Generous social assistance has been held responsible for inactivity traps and social exclusion in several European countries, hence the recent trend of promoting employment through in-work transfers. Yet, the relative consensus on the need for ‘making work pay’ policies is muddied by a number of concerns relative to the design of the reforms and the treatment of the family dimension. Relying on EUROMOD, a EU-15 integrated tax-benefit microsimulation software, we simulate two types of in-work benefits. The first one is means-tested on family income, in the fashion of the British Working Family Tax Credit, while the second is a purely individualized policy. Both reforms are built on the same cost basis (after behavioral responses) and simulated in three European countries suspected to experience large poverty traps, namely Finland, France and Germany. The potential labor supply responses to the reforms and the subsequent redistributive impacts are assessed for each country using a structural discrete-choice model. We compare how both reforms achieve poverty reduction and social inclusion (measured as the number of transitions into activity). All three countries present different initial conditions, including existing tax-benefit systems and distribution of incomes and wages. These sources of heterogeneity are exploited together with different labor supply elasticities to explain the cross-country differences in the impact of the reforms.     

基于行业视角的中国对外反倾销影响因素研究

本文利用1999年-2009年中国对外反倾销申诉数据,运用logit模型和经典线性模型测量了行业企业单位数、全部从业人员年平均数、总资产贡献率、资本密集度、工业成本费用利润率、竞争力指数、进口渗透率对中国对外反倾销行为在发起阶段的影响程度。结果表明行业企业单位数、总资产密集度和进口渗透率是发起反倾销申诉的重要影响因素,进口渗透率和全部从业人员年平均是影响申诉频率的主要因素。本文结论对中国反倾销理论分析和实践有参考价值。     

信息不对称下的逆向供应链激励契约设计

文章运用委托一代理理论,研究了一个包含单一供应商和单一零售商的逆向供应链系统,讨论了逆向选择下此系统中零售商的激励扭曲问题,并求出了该情形下供应商用于协调逆向供应链的最优契约。     

郊区农村劳动力乡城迁移意愿研究——以广州市为例

依据农户抽样调查数据,运用逻辑回归模型,对特大城市郊区农村劳动力迁移决策的主要影响因素进行分析。     

Cash Management, Payment Patterns and the Demand for Money

We analyse cash management and payments behaviour using 1990–1994 panel data for Dutch households. The results largely confirm the transactions demand for money theory, including an income elasticity of substantially less than one, and they are consistent with the hypothesis of technology resulting in households' economizing on currency balances. The results indicate up to 40 per cent lower transactions balances in the future, which is affirmed by direct questioning on future expectations. The effect on total money outstanding is considerably lower, due to significant amounts of missing money in hoards, which are insensitive to new developments in the payments system.     

A GPS data-based analysis of built environment influences on bicyclist route preferences

This study examines the effects of built environment features, including factors of land use and road network, on bicyclists' route preferences using the data from the city of Seattle. The bicycle routes are identified using a GPS dataset collected from a smartphone application named “CycleTracks.” The route choice set is generated using the labeling route approach, and the cost functions of route alternatives are based on principal component analyses. Then, two mixed logit models, focusing on random parameters and alternative-specific coefficients, respectively, are estimated to examine bicyclists' route choice. The major findings of this study are as follows: (1) the bicycle route choice involves the joint consideration of convenience, safety, and leisure; (2) most bicyclists prefer to cycle on shorter, flat, and well-planned bicycle facilities with slow road traffic; (3) some bicyclists prefer routes surrounded by mixed land use; (4) some bicyclists favor routes which are planted with street trees or installed with street lights; and (5) some bicyclists prefer routes along with city features. This analysis provides valuable insights into how well-planned land use and road network can facilitate efficient, safe, and enjoyable bicycling.     

Free-Agency and the Competitiveness of Major League Baseball

I investigate whether the removal of the reserve clause in professional baseball affected the competitive nature of the industry in the context of whether the distribution of team wins has been affected by free-agency. Unlike previous studies which use the standard deviation of winning percentage, I use a more sensitive measure of parity. I calculate the deviations of the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index of team wins from the competitive ideal during 1920 to 1996 and relate them to player-talent distribution and structural changes in the industry. I isolate the structural effect of free-agency and find that it has adversely affected the parity of the American League but that it has had no statistical influence on the parity of the National League.     

基于Logit模型的视频流媒体用户付费意愿及其影响因素研究——以爱奇艺为例

爱奇艺作为国内头部视频流媒体之一,面临用户付费意愿薄弱的困境。基于整合型技术接受模型(UTAUT)和感知价值理论(CPV)的相关变量提出假设,构建研究模型。通过Logit模型展开实证研究,结果显示感知有用性、感知成本、社会影响、个人付费意识对爱奇艺用户的付费意愿有显著影响。对此,提出深耕优质内容IP、丰富价格体系、打造口碑营销、聚焦年轻人的情绪价值四点建议,为爱奇艺探索新的战略提供有针对性的对策建议。